Las enteroparasitosis intestinales constituyen un problema de salud pública en Perú, debido a que estos parásitos pueden ingresar al organismo por vía oral y hábitos higiénico-sanitarios deficientes que facilitan su transmisión y conservación. Cuando la carga de dichos parásitos es considerablemente alta o se acompaña de alteraciones en la inmunidad del hospedero, se pueden producir complicaciones que comprometen seriamente la salud del paciente. Sabemos que el control farmacológico de las parasitosis es efectivo y seguro. No obstante, sin autocuidado y mantenimiento sostenible de buenas condiciones higiénico-sanitarias, no es posible su erradicación. Considerando lo mencionado anteriormente, desarrollaré la presente investigación en una población escolar de la Institución Educativa N° 6041 “Alfonso Ugarte” del distrito San Juan de Miraflores para determinar la prevalencia de parasitosis intestinales. Se eligió una muestra representativa conformada de 116 niños de 8 a 13 años. Las muestras fecales obtenidas fueron analizadas utilizando: examen macroscópico, método directo, método de Parodi Alcaraz y test de Graham. El 85.3% de los alumnos examinados resultaron parasitados. La incidencia parasitaria fue mayor en mujeres (86.8%) comparado a los hombres (83.6%). La frecuencia parasitaria de acuerdo al Monoparasitismo de los grupos taxonómicos fueron 35.3% del Phylum Amoebozoa, 3.4% del Phylum Metamonada, 3.4% del Phylum Platyhelminthes, 0.9% del Phylum Bigyra y 0.9% del Phylum Nematoda, con las especies Entamoeba coli, Giardia lamblia, Hymenolepis nana, Blastocystis hominis y Enterobius vermicularis, respectivamente. La mayor frecuencia correspondiente al Biparasitismo fue la asociación de los Phyla Metamonada y Amoebozoa con 32.8%. La mayor frecuencia correspondiente al Triparasitismo fue la asociación de los Phyla Metamonada, Amoebozoa y Platyhelminthes con 1.7%. The intestinal enteroparasites constitute a public health problem in Peru, due to these parasites can enter the body by mouth and hygienic habits-poor health that facilitate its transmission and conservation. When the burden of such parasites is considerably high or is accompanied by alterations in the immunity of the host, it can produce complications which seriously compromise the health of the patient. We know that the pharmacological control of the parasitosis is effective and safe. However, self-care and sustainable maintenance of good hygienic and sanitary conditions, it is not possible to its eradication. Considering the above, I will develop this research in a school population of the Educational Institution N° 6041 "Alfonso Ugarte" of the district San Juan de Miraflores to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitism. I chosen a representative sample consisted of 116 children 8 to 13 years old. Stool samples obtained were analyzed using: macroscopic examination, direct method, Parodi Alcaraz’s method and Graham’s test. The 85.3% of the students examined were parasitized. The parasitic incidence was higher in women (86.8%) compared to men (83.6%). The frequency of parasites according the Monoparasitism of taxonomic group was 35.3% of the Phylum Amoebozoa, 3.4% of the Phylum Metamonada, 3.4% of the Phylum Platyhelminthes, 0.9% of the Phylum Bigyra and 0.9% of the Phylum Nematoda, with the species Entamoeba coli, Giardia lamblia, Hymenolepis nana, Blastocystis hominis and Enterobius vermicularis, respectively. The highest frequency corresponding the Biparasitism was the association of the Phyla Metamonada and Amoebozoa with 32.8%. The highest frequency corresponding the Triparasitismo was the association of the Phyla Metamonada, Amoebozoa and Platyhelminthes with 1.7%.

Gastrointestinal parasites impose a great and often silent burden of morbidity and mortality on poor populations in developing countries. Veron, Dominican Republic (DR), is a rural city in the southeastern corner of the country where many Dominicans and Haitians migrate to for work in support and expansion of the tourist industry of Punta Cana. Few studies of the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasitic infections have been published in the DR. Presently, there is a high prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections throughout the poorest areas of the DR and Haiti. This study investigated the prevalence of GI protozoan and helminth parasites from children at the Rural Clinic of Veron during 2008. Participants provided a fecal sample that was examined microscopically for protozoan and helminth parasites using the fecal flotation technique to concentrate and isolate helminth ova and protozoan cysts. Of 108 fecal samples examined, 107 were positive for one or more parasites. Participant ages ranged from 2 to 15 years; 52 were males and 56 were females. Percent infection rates were 48.2% for Ascaris lumbricoides, 13.9% for Enterobius vermicularis, 24.1% for Entamoeba histolytica, and 22.2% for Giardia intestinalis. 9.3% had double infections. A survey of subject characteristics and risk factors was completed by each parent/guardian. Any plan to reduce GI parasites in children of this region will require a determined effort between international, national, and local health authorities combined with improved education of schools, child care providers, food handlers, and agricultural workers. A special effort must be made to reach out to immigrants and those not part of the public education system and to address microbial water quality. / Ph. D.

Introducción. El estado nutricional de los individuos es considerado un valioso indicador del estado de salud de la población, así como también del accionar de factores socio-económicos y ambientales. Objetivos: Analizar la relación entre el estado nutricional, las enteroparasitosis y las condiciones socioambientales en niños de Aristóbulo del Valle, Misiones. Métodos. Estudio antropométrico transversal y parasitológico en niños de ambos sexos y entre 6 a 11 años de escuelas públicas del Municipio de Aristóbulo del Valle. Para el análisis de desnutrición se utilizó como referencia CDC/NCHS y para exceso de peso IOTF. El análisis parasitológico se realizó mediante la toma de muestras seriadas de materia fecal y escobillado anal. El relevamiento de las condiciones socio-ambientales se realizó mediante encuestas estructuradas. Resultados. El estado nutricional indicó mayor desnutrición crónica (7,5%) que global y aguda y mayor sobrepeso (9,8%) respecto a obesidad. Los niños presentaron alto porcentaje de parasitismo (86%) y las especies más prevalentes fueron Blastocystis hominis, Enterobius vermicularis y Giardia lamblia. La mayoría de las familias de estos niños habitaban viviendas de chapa y madera, con limitado acceso a servicios públicos, altos niveles de desempleo y padres con un nivel educativo básico. / Introduction: The study of the growth and nutritional status of the individuals is considered an important sign of the population health, as well as the action of socio-economic and environmental factors. Objectives: To analyze the relationship among the nutritional status, enteroparasitoses and socio-environmental conditions in children from Aristóbulo del Valle, Misiones. Methods: A cross-sectional anthropometrical and parasitological study was made in children from both sexes between 6 to 11 years old of public school from Municipality of Aristóbulo del Valle. NCHS was employed as reference in the analysis of undernutrition, and IOTF for the excess of weight. The parasitological analysis was realized by faecal samples and anal brushes. Socio-environmental conditions were evaluated through structured interviews. Results: The nutritional status indicated higher chronic undernutrition (7.5%) than underweight and wasting, and higher overweight than obesity (9.8%). Children showed high percentage of parasitism (86%) and Blastocystis hominis, Enterobius vermicularis and Giardia lamblia were the more prevalent species. Most families of these children live in precarious constructions made out of wood and/or masonry, with limited access to public services, high unemployment levels and a basic educational level of parents. Conclusions: The results obtained indicate the impact of the socio-economic, educational and sanitary impairment, in the children health from a sector Aristóbulo del Valle population, that entails to the coexistence of undernutrition, overweight and parasitic infections.