Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 57-58).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 57-58). Also available in print.

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This thesis is a part of the major EU project EE-Highrise which is a part of the European 7th Framework Research Program (FP7-ENERGY). In order to demonstrate and test new technologies and concepts, a demo building has been constructed in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. The approach during the development of the building has been to consider all its elements with the purpose to increase the energy efficiency and sustainability of the building. Umeå University’s objective is to develop regional specific models of the demo high-rise building. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate whether a simplified model of the high rise building, Eco Silver House, can meet the passive house classifications in four selected cities; Ljubljana, Sibenik, Umeå and Dubai and then to suggest improvements of the models for the different regions. Drawings of the building were provided along with an IFC file for construction of the model in PHPP. The simulation tool used for simulations, PHPP, contained all necessary tools for designing a properly functioning Passive House. By preparing an energy balance, the annual energy demand of the building was calculated based on input related to building characteristics. Results from the simulations have then been compared to the requirements for the German Passive House classification. The performance of the building in Umeå has also be compared to the Swedish passive house standards. Improvements to the climate shell and the ventilation system were after that examined depending on the results. It was shown that it is possible to construct regional specific models that fulfill the passive house requirements in three of four regions. The model achieved passive house standard without any additional energy efficiency measures in Ljubljana and Šibenik while a combination of measures was needed to fulfill all the criteria’s in Umeå. The Swedish requirements used for evaluation of the model in Sweden were easier to fulfill since they have been developed for the cold climate present in Umeå. Since no regional passive house classification was used to evaluate the performance of the model in Dubai the cooling and primary energy demand exceeded the limiting criteria’s. The energy efficiency measure with reduced window area had the greatest impact on heating and cooling demand in all climates. This measure should be included in all future models which also is suggested by parallel studies on similar models of the same building. The only climate where an increased U-value of the external envelope resulted in improved performance of the model was in Šibenik. For all the other climates where a lowered U-value was implemented did the overall performance improve. / EE-Highrise (European 7th Framework Research Program.

The political and economic pressures for transformation in South Africa have been documented in an array of policies, pieces of legislation, regulatory and statutory frameworks, and also in governance codes for both public and private companies. Specifically for the mining industry, the Mining Charter comprises of transformation targets and measurement criteria that are presented in a scorecard to be achieved by the mining industry by 2014. Additionally, the King reports on governance have specific requirements that listed companies must meet in terms of employment equity and demographic representation to achieve board diversity and independent boards. The aim of this study was to report on the board transformation status in the mining industry, as well as the progress that has been made towards meeting transformation targets. The 2011 annual reports were used to capture profiles and composition of board of directors in Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) listed mining companies. Interviews were used to gain insight on the transformation status, initiatives undertaken and challenges of transformation in the mining industry. The research findings from the analysis of board members demographic and career profiles shows that little has been achieved to ensure equal representation and diversity on the boards of directors. Further analysis of the status of transformation by JSE listed mining companies to realise transformation, shows that transformation in the mining industry is still a major challenge. Whilst some initiatives have been undertaken and some progress has been made, this study reveals that the barriers to transformation in the South African mining industry are racial issues and tensions based on colour, the lack of skills caused by the education system, a war for talent, a lack of mentorship and no stakeholder engagement between the mining industry and government / Business Management

Läroplanen i engelska beskriver hur undervisningen ska anknyta till elevnära och vardagliga situationer. Studien utgår därför ifrån de vardagliga situationer där eleverna möter engelska. Flertalet av dagens elever är bekanta med och har deltagit i online-spel, det är därför intressant att undersöka användandet av online-spels inverkan på elevernas engelska språkutveckling. Målgruppen för undersökningen är elever som studerar engelska som andraspråk. Syftet med studien är att undersöka ‘Massive Multiplayer Online’-spels påverkan på elevers språkutveckling i engelska som andraspråk och är en litteraturöversikt på forskning inom området. Materialet består av vetenskapliga artiklar samt en forskningsrapport. Kommunikationsmiljöerna i spelen ses som mer autentiska än de i klassrummet, vilket i sin tur anses leda till ökad språkinlärning och ett stort intresse för att kommunicera hos eleverna. Elever som aktivt spelar ‘Massive Multiplayer Online’-spel på fritiden visar även enligt studierna en högre kommunikativ och vokabulär förmåga inom engelska som andraspråk. Användandet av spelen lämpar sig inte för elever med begränsade engelskkunskaper och används främst av pojkar. Slutsatsen av studien är att MMO-spel i sin nuvarande form inte bör föras in i klassrummet som en allmängiltig undervisningsmetod, utan att spelen ska ses som ett komplement till engelsk språkutveckling.

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This work deals with the Java EE platform and the bidirectional client-server communication. It presents a design of an application architecture that allows to synchronize the state of applications and their graphical output for a larger number of clients. The final solution contains a sample application that demonstrates the synchronization of connected clients.

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