In the recent past, people were used to consult health care professionals or textbooks in order to find answer to health related questions. Now, the availability of medical information through electronic resources has changed people&lsquo / s information-seeking behaviors and, as a result, electronic information resources have become very popular and frequently used for health related searches. This study examines the online health information-seeking behaviors of middle aged and older people from Middle East Technical University and 100. Yil neighbourhood, specially demographic and other factors effecting online health information seeking, the types of sought online health information, assessment of the online health information, and reliability criteria of middle aged and older online health information seekers. A cross-sectional design was used to collect data. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to participants. The final sample was 248 middle aged and older people. Findings show that middle aged and older employees from Middle East Technical University and 100. Yil neighbourhood are searching for health information especially for specific illnesses. They are using this information to self-treat or self-diagnose. Worse health conditions, expertise level in internet usage associates with searching behavior. Majority of the participants trust in information they found online but they do not share it with any health care professional.

The main subject of the thesis is planning &ldquo / cultural routes&rdquo / as a method for conservation of cultural and natural heritage areas at regional scale. Defining a framework of conceptual principles which should be considered in spatial planning of cultural routes and regional networks constitutes the major aim of the thesis. Within the scope of the study, a new developing concept recently, cultural routes are discussed as a tool for sustaining historic and local values of rural and archaeological landscapes. In this respect, the study is structured in two main parts. Firstly, conceptual background on the issue is discussed as the development of cultural route concept, definitions declared by international organizations working on the issue and principles of route planning. Secondly, based on the conceptual research, basic concepts and principles for route planning process is discussed through a case study. The case study for the thesis is selected as the Kas- Kekova region in Antalya, known as the Central Lycia in antiquity. Depending on the assessment of region&rsquo / s cultural landscape, the study is resulted by description of a spatial and conceptual framework for planning of a cultural route network in the region. Through areas rich in cultural and natural heritage, planning routes and networks at regional scale could be used as an effective tool for presenting and sustaining multivalent character of the place, and leading economic sectors which have effect on heritage.

Includes vita. / Title from PDF of title page. / Document formatted into pages; contains 258 pages. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of South Florida, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references. / Text (Electronic thesis) in PDF format. / ABSTRACT: The overarching goal of this study is to suggest that Alexander Pope did not abandon his project for a "system of ethics in the Horatian way," but rather that in his final days he did find a way to unite the parts at hand into a viable whole. Constructing such an argument, however, requires a similar building up from the parts, and so the core focus becomes a study on the way the image of an arch can serve as a metaphor for Pope's reconciliation scheme in his Moral Essays as he "steers betwixt" seeming opposites. To justify this approach, I note the works of critics who have studied Pope's use of the sister arts, the works of architectural theorists and historians, as well the works of critics who focus on various reconciliatory strategies. Perhaps more importantly, I look back to Pope's correspondence and Joseph Spence's record to establish not only Pope's interest in architecture, but also his actual architectural endeavors. / ABSTRACT: From this foundation, I relate Pope's intentions for his opus magnum and indicate the connections that can be drawn between the four epistles of Essay on Man and the four epistles that Pope selected to comprise the "death-bed" edition of his ethic work, namely To a Lady, To Cobham, To Bathurst, and To Burlington. Finally, I examine Pope's method of reconciling the extremes he presents by exemplum in the Moral Essays by comparing the personal and societal pressures that form the basis of Pope's satire to the vertical and lateral thrusts that enable an arch to stand, even as they threaten its destruction should the forces become unbalanced. From such an architectural perspective, one can trace Pope's conception of man in his middle state as he makes the transition from the abstract plan established in Essay on Man, through the pendentive formed by the arches of the Moral Essays, and ultimately to the ideal state of existence that is represented by the dome. / ABSTRACT: The final result can be conceived of as no less than a monument to Pope's life and art. / System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader. / Mode of access: World Wide Web.

Conceptual cost estimates play a crucial role on initial project decisions although scope is not finalized and very limited design information is available during early project stages. At these stages, cost estimates are needed by the owner, contractor, designer or the lending organization for several purposes including / determination of feasibility of a project, financial evaluation of a number of alternative projects or establishment of an initial budget. Conceptual cost estimates are not expected to be precise, since project scope is not finalized and very limited design information is available during the pre-design stages of a project. However / a quick, inexpensive and reasonably accurate estimate is needed based on the available information. In this study, conceptual cost estimating models will be developed for urban railway systems using data of projects from Turkey. The accuracy of the models and advantages of the study will be discussed.

The objectives of this study are to investigate the dynamic behavior of an apple slab subjected to drying at constant external conditions and under changing in the drying temperatures and to determine the effects of temperature and time combinations at different steps during drying on the process dynamics parameters, time constant and process gain of the system. For this purpose, a semi-batch dryer system was simulated by using integral method of analysis. Initially, the dynamic behavior of the drying temperature was investigated by using first order system dynamic model. Process dynamic parameters, time constant and process gain of the system, for change in drying temperature were determined. Secondly, investigation of the drying kinetics of the apple slab was carried out under constant external conditions in a semi-batch dryer. A mathematical model for diffusion mechanism assumed in one dimensional transient analysis of moisture distribution was solved by using explicit finite difference method of analysis. Thirdly, investigation of the drying kinetics of the apple slab was carried out under change in drying temperature at different time steps during drying. Inverse response system model was used for the representation of the dynamic behavior of drying. Process dynamic parameters, time constant and process gain of the system were determined. Model predicted results for apple slab drying under constant external condition and under step change in the drying temperature were compared with the experimental data.

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Submitted by Regina Célia Marino Machado (regina.mmachado@hotmail.com) on 2018-10-12T12:35:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TCC Regina Célia - Capa e Contra Capa Padrão OK.pdf: 2533592 bytes, checksum: 50642b3adc160c5331a801b08e4d06f2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Aparecida Puerta null (dripuerta@rc.unesp.br) on 2018-10-15T17:37:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 machado_rcm_me_rcla.pdf: 2533592 bytes, checksum: 50642b3adc160c5331a801b08e4d06f2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-15T17:37:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 machado_rcm_me_rcla.pdf: 2533592 bytes, checksum: 50642b3adc160c5331a801b08e4d06f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-31 / O interesse pelo objeto de pesquisa emergiu em reflexões sobre os resultados de avaliações externas realizadas nos últimos anos, nas séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental das escolas municipais da cidade de Limeira, SP. Os níveis de desempenho dos estudantes em leitura e produção de textos escritos apontam a necessidade de pesquisas acerca das concepções e metodologias de ensino adotadas nas práticas pedagógicas referentes à produção textual escrita uma vez que os desempenhos não são os esperados para o ciclo de alfabetização. Por essa razão, este trabalho teve como objeto de pesquisa a prática de produção de textos escritos no ciclo de alfabetização (1º ao 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental), considerando-se algumas questões decorrentes de nossas reflexões sobre o assunto, objetivando respondê-las e identificar o enfoque dado às práticas de produção de textos orais e escritos, bem como as concepções epistemológicas que embasam o trabalho pedagógico, realizamos pesquisa qualitativa-descritiva, com a participação de 12 professoras que lecionaram de 2014 a 2017 no ciclo de alfabetização em quatro escolas, as quais apresentaram diferentes percentuais na Avaliação Nacional da Alfabetização (ANA). Os dados da pesquisa revelaram que a inserção do trabalho com produções textuais ocorre em sua maioria por meio da exploração do tema/assunto tratado (roda da conversa) e da leitura de textos com a finalidade de repertoriar os alunos quanto ao tema em estudo, às características do gênero ou à ampliação do vocabulário. As práticas de produção de textos ocorreram de diferentes maneiras. Como prática social de comunicação ou escolarizada, realizadas com ou sem plano de trabalho. Evidenciou-se que as produções de textos escolarizados são as mais encontradas, como também, que há ausências de produção textual oral e escrita no ciclo de alfabetização. Disso depreende que o texto não é considerado objeto de ensino por todas as participantes desta pesquisa, pois há concepções de linguagem que subjazem suas práticas. Quatro professoras apresentam a concepção de linguagem enquanto “expressão do pensamento”, seis, a de linguagem como “instrumento de comunicação” e duas, a de linguagem enquanto “processo de interação”. / My interest for the object of this research came from studying results of external evaluations performed within the last year in public grade schools of Limeira, Brazil. Students’ performance levels in Reading & Writing show a need to further research the concepts and methodologies currently practiced in the field of Education. The results are especially alarming in regards to Writing, since they show a lower level than expected in formal education. Therefore, the project’s main goal in research was to study the practice of Writing within the context of formal education (primarily the 1st through 3rd years of grade school), all the while considering questions resulting from analyzing the topic. Additionally, this research aimed to answer questions and identify an approach to oral and written essays as well as epistemological concepts that are the foundation of educational practices. We performed a descriptive and qualitative study with 12 participating educators who taught from 2014 to 2017 in 4 different schools that presented different performance percentages on the National Literacy Assessment (ANA, in Brazil). The research data shows that textual production happens, in its majority, by exploring a theme or subject in discussion groups and reading texts in order to enlighten students of the theme itself, characteristics of a specific genre, or to build vocabulary. Five faculty members from Group A (the school with the best results) explored the practice of proofreading by analyzing texts that students had produced, later showing them what points needed to be revised. By doing this, these educators stimulated the practice of proofreading in their students. Texts were revised in different manners. In the context of social communication or education, proofreading occurred with and without a work plan. This highlighted that more education-based texts exist and there is also a lack of written and oral essays in formal education. We deducted that not all participants consider textual production a learning activity based on their concepts of language. Four educators considered language to be an “expression of thought”; six considered it to be an “instrument of communication”; and two thought of it as “part of an interactive process”.

Orientador: Maria Cecília de Oliveira Micotti / Resumo: O interesse pelo objeto de pesquisa emergiu em reflexões sobre os resultados de avaliações externas realizadas nos últimos anos, nas séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental das escolas municipais da cidade de Limeira, SP. Os níveis de desempenho dos estudantes em leitura e produção de textos escritos apontam a necessidade de pesquisas acerca das concepções e metodologias de ensino adotadas nas práticas pedagógicas referentes à produção textual escrita uma vez que os desempenhos não são os esperados para o ciclo de alfabetização. Por essa razão, este trabalho teve como objeto de pesquisa a prática de produção de textos escritos no ciclo de alfabetização (1º ao 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental), considerando-se algumas questões decorrentes de nossas reflexões sobre o assunto, objetivando respondê-las e identificar o enfoque dado às práticas de produção de textos orais e escritos, bem como as concepções epistemológicas que embasam o trabalho pedagógico, realizamos pesquisa qualitativa-descritiva, com a participação de 12 professoras que lecionaram de 2014 a 2017 no ciclo de alfabetização em quatro escolas, as quais apresentaram diferentes percentuais na Avaliação Nacional da Alfabetização (ANA). Os dados da pesquisa revelaram que a inserção do trabalho com produções textuais ocorre em sua maioria por meio da exploração do tema/assunto tratado (roda da conversa) e da leitura de textos com a finalidade de repertoriar os alunos quanto ao tema em estudo, às características do gênero ou à ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: My interest for the object of this research came from studying results of external evaluations performed within the last year in public grade schools of Limeira, Brazil. Students’ performance levels in Reading & Writing show a need to further research the concepts and methodologies currently practiced in the field of Education. The results are especially alarming in regards to Writing, since they show a lower level than expected in formal education. Therefore, the project’s main goal in research was to study the practice of Writing within the context of formal education (primarily the 1st through 3rd years of grade school), all the while considering questions resulting from analyzing the topic. Additionally, this research aimed to answer questions and identify an approach to oral and written essays as well as epistemological concepts that are the foundation of educational practices. We performed a descriptive and qualitative study with 12 participating educators who taught from 2014 to 2017 in 4 different schools that presented different performance percentages on the National Literacy Assessment (ANA, in Brazil). The research data shows that textual production happens, in its majority, by exploring a theme or subject in discussion groups and reading texts in order to enlighten students of the theme itself, characteristics of a specific genre, or to build vocabulary. Five faculty members from Group A (the school with the best results) explored the practice of proofreading by ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

« A sauts et à gambades » : de cette formule des Essais, la critique a souvent conclu au décousu de leur écriture. Notre travail montre qu'il n'en est rien dans de nombreux chapitres des Essais, en s'appuyant sur l'idée de « cryptique » chez Ramus (Dialectique, 1555) et Canaye (L'Organe, 1589) et sur le concept rhétorique de ductus ou progression du discours : l'écrivain-dux déjoue réticences ou hostilité de son lecteur, sa repugnantia. La première partie précise, à partir des grands traités rhétoriques, dont Quintilien traduit par Gedoyn (1718), ce que recouvrent les notions de propositum, d'oratio, de sermo, de contentio, de digressio, de delectare et de repugnantia ; et, dans le domaine de la dialectique, de syllogisme et de preuve, ce qui permet d'exhumer la structure profonde de l'argumentation. La seconde partie définit la notion d'insinuatio et son pendant dialectique, la « méthode de prudence », dont Ramus donne les préceptes détaillés. Nous en tirons de nombreux outils en vue de l'analyse des textes littéraires. Nous examinons la notion de dissimulatio en rhétorique, notamment la dissimulatio artis, apanage de Socrate, lequel est si important pour Montaigne. La dernière partie expose différentes formes de ductus dans les Essais, pour séduire le lecteur et le mener sur la voie d'un progrès moral. Ce but suppose une rhétorique extrêmement sensible à ce qui « répugne » à son auditoire, comme à ce qui le « passionne ». Le cheminement ressemble de près à la méthode antique de l'exercice spirituel, qui impliquait une certaine familiarité entre auteur et lecteur, un retour sur soi concomitant et symétrique du maître et du disciple. / “A sauts et à gambades”: from this expression in the Essays, critics often came to the conclusion of a rambling speech. Our work shows that this is not the case in many chapters, by referring to the “cryptical method” in the writings of Ramus (Dialectique, 1555) and Canaye (L'Organe, 1589) and to the rhetorical concept of ductus or progression of speech in which the dux-writer circumvents his reader's opposition or hostility, or repugnantia. The first part, which is based on major rhetorical theories, including those of Quintilian translated by Gedoyn (1718), defines the notions of propositum, oratio, sermo, contentio, digressio, delectare and repugnantia ; and, in the field of dialectics, syllogism and proof. It provides a means of digging out the deep structure of arguments. The second part defines the notion of insinuatio and its counterpart in dialectics, the “method of prudence”, on which Ramus gives detailed precepts. These give us many tools for the purpose of literary text analysis. We look into the notion of dissimulatio in rhetorics, including the dissimulatio artis, specific to Socrates – Socrates is an important figure for Montaigne. The last part outlines various forms of ductus in the Essays, so as to lure the reader and lead him on the path to moral progress. This goal requires the rhetoric to be finely attuned to what the reader is averse to, or what he is passionate about. The whole closely resembles the ancient method of spiritual exercise, which involved some familiarity between the writer and the reader, a concurrent and symmetric introspection from the master and his disciple.