Com este projeto obteve-se informações sobre o comportamento de pilares submetidos à compressão excêntrica, executados com concreto de alta resistência, com resistência média à compressão de 80 MPa. Os pilares tinham seção transversal retangular de 15 cm x 30 cm, com altura livre de 174 cm. A excentricidade da força foi de 38 cm com plano de ação do momento paralelo ao menor lado. Foram ensaiados seis pilares, onde as variáveis foram as taxas de armaduras transversais e longitudinais. Os pilares foram ensaiados sob a ação de duas forças aplicadas de modos independentes, para maior precisão e controle do posicionamento da força excêntrica. Uma força era aplicada na direção do eixo longitudinal do pilar e outra, paralela a esse, com excentricidade definida. Foram montados dispositivos de vinculações e mecanismos de transferências de forças nos pilares, procurando aproximar as situações de ensaios às do modelo teórico pretendido. As rotações eram liberadas nas extremidades dos pilares, e a seção localizadas na meia altura comportava-se sob flexo compressão reta com pequena excentricidade. Os pilares com menor taxa de armadura transversal, tiveram ruptura frágil da seção transversal central com flambagem das barras das armaduras longitudinais. Os pilares com maior taxa de armadura transversal, apresentaram ruptura com boa ductilidade e esmagamento do concreto do lado mais comprimido. As deformações lidas nas barras das armaduras do lado mais comprimido, no instante da ruptura, ficaram entre 2,3% e 3%. Utilizaram-se modelos teóricos propostos na literatura para obter os valores estimados das forças normais últimas e momentos fletores últimos, comparando-os com os encontrados experimentalmente. / This work presents a study of the behavior of high strength columns under eccentric compression, with concrete cylinder compressive strength of around 80 MPa. The columns studied had cross section area of 15 cm x 30 cm at the test region, and an effective length of 174 cm. The eccentricity of the load was 380 mm and the plan of action of the moment was parallel to the smallest side of the cross section. Six columns were tested. The main variables were the stirrup volumetric ratio and the longitudinal steel ratio. The columns were tested under the action of two independent loads, an axial load and an eccentric load, so that could be precise the positioning of the eccentric load and the control of this action. The axial load was applied on of the longitudinal axis of the columns and the eccentric load was applied with the defined eccentricity. Articulation devices and load application devices were mounted such as to approach the proposed theoretical model as much as possible. The rotations were liberated in the extremities of the columns, and the section behaved under eccentric compression. The columns with smaller stirrup volumetric ratio showed a brittle mode of failure occurring at the central cross section accompanied by the buckling of the longitudinal reinforcement. On the other hand, the columns with larger stirrup volumetric ratio presented ductile failure accompanied by crushing on the most compressed side of the column. The measured longitudinal reinforcement strain on the most compressed side of the columns at the instant of failure were between 2,3% and 3%.Theoretical models proposed in literature were used to obtain values of the maximum axial load and ultimate flexural moment and the result compared with experimental results obtained in the tests.

Com este projeto obteve-se informações sobre o comportamento de pilares submetidos à compressão excêntrica, executados com concreto de alta resistência, com resistência média à compressão de 80 MPa. Os pilares tinham seção transversal retangular de 15 cm x 30 cm, com altura livre de 174 cm. A excentricidade da força foi de 38 cm com plano de ação do momento paralelo ao menor lado. Foram ensaiados seis pilares, onde as variáveis foram as taxas de armaduras transversais e longitudinais. Os pilares foram ensaiados sob a ação de duas forças aplicadas de modos independentes, para maior precisão e controle do posicionamento da força excêntrica. Uma força era aplicada na direção do eixo longitudinal do pilar e outra, paralela a esse, com excentricidade definida. Foram montados dispositivos de vinculações e mecanismos de transferências de forças nos pilares, procurando aproximar as situações de ensaios às do modelo teórico pretendido. As rotações eram liberadas nas extremidades dos pilares, e a seção localizadas na meia altura comportava-se sob flexo compressão reta com pequena excentricidade. Os pilares com menor taxa de armadura transversal, tiveram ruptura frágil da seção transversal central com flambagem das barras das armaduras longitudinais. Os pilares com maior taxa de armadura transversal, apresentaram ruptura com boa ductilidade e esmagamento do concreto do lado mais comprimido. As deformações lidas nas barras das armaduras do lado mais comprimido, no instante da ruptura, ficaram entre 2,3% e 3%. Utilizaram-se modelos teóricos propostos na literatura para obter os valores estimados das forças normais últimas e momentos fletores últimos, comparando-os com os encontrados experimentalmente. / This work presents a study of the behavior of high strength columns under eccentric compression, with concrete cylinder compressive strength of around 80 MPa. The columns studied had cross section area of 15 cm x 30 cm at the test region, and an effective length of 174 cm. The eccentricity of the load was 380 mm and the plan of action of the moment was parallel to the smallest side of the cross section. Six columns were tested. The main variables were the stirrup volumetric ratio and the longitudinal steel ratio. The columns were tested under the action of two independent loads, an axial load and an eccentric load, so that could be precise the positioning of the eccentric load and the control of this action. The axial load was applied on of the longitudinal axis of the columns and the eccentric load was applied with the defined eccentricity. Articulation devices and load application devices were mounted such as to approach the proposed theoretical model as much as possible. The rotations were liberated in the extremities of the columns, and the section behaved under eccentric compression. The columns with smaller stirrup volumetric ratio showed a brittle mode of failure occurring at the central cross section accompanied by the buckling of the longitudinal reinforcement. On the other hand, the columns with larger stirrup volumetric ratio presented ductile failure accompanied by crushing on the most compressed side of the column. The measured longitudinal reinforcement strain on the most compressed side of the columns at the instant of failure were between 2,3% and 3%.Theoretical models proposed in literature were used to obtain values of the maximum axial load and ultimate flexural moment and the result compared with experimental results obtained in the tests.

Yes / Eccentric compression behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) columns reinforced by steel-FRP composite bars (SFCBs) was investigated through experimental work and theoretical analyses. The tension and compression test results show that SFCBs demonstrate a stable post-yield stiffness. The mechanical properties of the composite reinforcement have a significant influence on eccentric compression behaviour of the reinforced concrete columns, in terms of failure mode, crack width, deformation and bearing capacity. Formulae were also developed to discriminate failure mode and to determine moment magnification factor, bearing capacity and crack width of the columns studied, with the theoretical predictions being in a good agreement with the experimental results. In addition, parametric studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of mechanical properties of reinforcement, reinforcement ratio, eccentricity, slenderness ratio, types of reinforcement and concrete on the eccentric compression behaviour of RC columns. The results show that the compressive performance is significantly improved by using the high performance concrete, i.e. reactive powder concrete (RPC) and engineered cementious composites (ECC). / financial supports of the work by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51678514), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK20201436), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M642335), the Science and Technology Project of Jiangsu Construction System (2018ZD047), the Deputy General Manager Science and Technology Project of Jiangsu Province (FZ20200869), the Cooperative Education Project of Ministry of Education, China (201901273053), the Blue Project Youth Academic Leader of Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province (2020), the Six Talent Peaks Project of Jiangsu Province (JZ-038, 2016), the Yangzhou University Top Talents Support Project and the Jiangsu Government Scholarship for Overseas Studies.

Yes / This paper presents test results of eccentrically loaded concrete columns reinforced with steel-fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite bars (SFCBs) subjected to chloride corrosion. The first stage of the experimental work explored the tensile and compressive tests of various reinforcements (SFCBs with different cross section, steel and FRP bars) used in the large reinforced concrete (RC) columns after chloride corrosion with or without sustained stresses. The results showed that the tensile and compressive stress-strain relationships of SFCBs are characterised by stable secondary (post-yield) stiffness. The second stage of the testing investigated the structural performance of RC columns with various amounts and types of reinforcements, slenderness ratio, applied load eccentricity and chloride corrosion rate. The results showed that the effect of reinforcements on eccentric compression behaviour is significant. The deformation and crack width of SFCB RC columns, respectively, decreased by 12.2%~52.6% and 8.5%~71.0%, while the load capacity improved by 0.9%~18.8%, when compared with the corresponding FRP RC columns having the same eccentricity and reinforcement ratio. The use of SFCBs as the reinforcement of RC columns, especially with high reinforcement ratio or SFCBs having high area ratio of inner steel to SFCB, is beneficial to reduce the deflection and crack width as well as improve the bearing capacity utilization coefficients under serviceability limit state.

No / In order to investigate the eccentric compression behaviors of steel-FRP composite bar (SFCB) reinforced concrete (RC) columns subjected to chloride corrosion, the mechanical experiments of chloride corroded SFCBs and SFCBs RC eccentric compression columns were conducted. The effect of reinforcement type and ratio, eccentricity, slenderness, stress level and corrosion duration on bearing capacity, deformation, crack and failure pattern were investigated. The results showed that the strength retention ratio of reinforcement decreases with the increase of corrosion duration, the ultimate strengths of steel rebar, SFCB and FRP rebar decreased by 12.2%, 9.9% and 3.6%, respectively, when compared with those of uncorroded counterparts. With the increase of steel content of reinforcement, the load bearing capacity of eccentric compression RC column increases while the deformation decreases gradually. The load bearing capacity of corroded steel, SFCB and FRP RC columns maximally decreased by 16.6%, 12.4% and 7.2%, respectively, when compared with those of uncorroded counterparts. Based on the simplified materials constitutive relations and reasonable basic assumptions, formulae for discriminate failure mode, moment magnification factor and bearing capacity were developed. The predicted failure pattern, moment magnification factor and bearing capacity are in good agreement with the test results, confirming the validity of the proposed formulae, the results can be used as a reference for engineering application. / High-End Foreign Experts Project of Ministry of Science and Technology, China (G2022014054L), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK20201436), the Science and Technology Project of Jiangsu Construction System (2018ZD047, 2021ZD06), the Science and Technology Project of Gansu Construction System (JK2021-19), the Opening Foundation of Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of PrefabricatedBuilding and Intelligent Construction (2021), the Science and Technology Cooperation Fund Project of Yangzhou City and Yangzhou University (YZ2022194, YZU212105), the Science and Technology Project of Yangzhou Construction System (2022ZD03, 202204), the Nantong Jianghai (226) talents project, the Blue Project Youth Academic Leader of Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province (2020).

The purpose of this research is to examine the behaviour of elliptical concrete-filled steel tubular stub columns under a combination of axial force and bending moment. Most of the research carried out to date involving concrete-filled steel sections has focussed on circular and rectangular tubes, with each shape exhibiting distinct behaviour. The degree of concrete confinement provided by the hollow section wall has been studied under pure compression but remains ambiguous for combined compressive and bending loads, with no current design provision for this loading combination. To explore the structural behaviour, laboratory tests were carried out using eight stub columns of two different tube wall thicknesses and applying axial compression under various eccentricities. Moment-rotation relationships were produced for each specimen to establish the influence of cross-section dimension and axis of bending on overall response. Full 3D finite element models were developed, comparing the effect of different material constitutive models, until good agreement was found. Finally, analytical interaction curves were generated assuming plastic behaviour and compared with the experimental and finite element results. Ground work provided from these tests paves the way for the development of future design guidelines on the member level.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjamas ekscentriškai gniuždomas elipsinis tuščiaviduris skerspjūvis (angl. EHS) bei sudaromas šio skerspjūvio projektavimo algoritmas. Darbą sudaro penki skyriai, išvados ir priedai. Pirmajame skyriuje pateiktas bendras EHS apibūdinimas, nurodyti šio skerspjūvio privalumai bei panaudojimo sritys. Antrajame skyriuje pateikta atliktų EHS tyrimų apžvalga, aptariami galimi metodai skerspjūvio klasei nustatyti. Trečiajame skyriuje sudaromas ekscentriškai gniuždomo EHS elemento projektavimo algoritmas, programiniu paketu Mathcad sukuriama šio skerspjūvio skaičiavimo programa bei atliekami analitiniai skaičiavimai. Ketvirtajame skyriuje pateiktas baigtinių elementų modelio sudarymas naudojant programinį paketą SolidWorks Simulation 2012, atliekama baigtinių elementų (BE) analizė, atkartojanti analitinius skaičiavimus. Penktajame skyriuje palyginami analitinių skaičiavimų ir BE analizės rezultatai. Darbo gale pateiktas rezultatų apibendrinimas, suformuluojamos darbo išvados. / The final postgraduate work consists of analysis of elliptical hollow section (EHS) under eccentric compression. Design algorithm is developed. There are five chapters, conclusions and appendixes presented. First chapter gives a background to EHS including applications and advantages. Second chapter gives a literature review of EHS related work, investigates methods for the cross-section class determination. Third chapter includes developing of the design algorithm of EHS. Analytical calculations are made using the software package Mathcad. In the fourth chapter the finite element model is generated using the software package SolidWorks Simulation 2012. The analytical calculations are replicated with the finite element analysis. The results are compared in the fifth chapter. In the end of the final paper the results are summarized and the final conclusions are made.