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The thesis evaluates three revenue neutral mixes of political measures aimed at the support of utilization of biofuels in the Czech Republic. The dynamic computable general equilibrium model with three aggregated sectors and two types of households is applied for evaluation of relevant environmental and economic impacts. The hypothetic price subsidy of utilization of energy biomass in production of the first generation biofuels fulfilling sustainability criteria is chosen as the basic supportive tool. The revenue neutrality is satisfied via adequate increase in tax rates in three different alternative scenarios (via labor tax, motor fuel tax, and standard value added tax). The results indicate that at the current price level of crude oil even relatively high level of price subsidy is not sufficient in fulfilling the emission and biofuel share targets presumed by European Commission. Therefore, for attaining the biofuel share target high percentage first generation biofuels and second and third generation biofuels have to be utilized. Furthermore, for the fulfilling of emission targets other alternative fuels have to be utilized as well. The results finally reveal that environmentally most efficient mix is the price subsidy compensated via an increase in the motor fuel tax, economically most...

Utah's planning heritage includes both physical and social elements. In 1833 Joseph Smith, founder of the Mormon Church, designed the Plat for the City of Zion. Associated with his plan were the principles of communitarianism and a demo-theocratic form of government. As the Mormons journeyed across the Midwest to the Great Basin, they applied these planning beliefs in various ways. Throughout Utah today, large city blocks, wide roads, and grid iron layouts remain as testaments to the state's early physical planning tenets. Other factors, though, have led Mormons to abandon the social aspects of the plan and to embrace the western milieu of private property, individual rights, and profit motive.Despite a planning heritage that includes concern for the community balanced with concern for the individual and an acceptance of extra-local control in planning, Utah today leaves planning to the local municipalities. In a state with a vigorous economy, a rapidly multiplying population, and a sensitive environment, the pains of growth are mounting. To continue with the current municipal level planning approach could lead to a future much like present day California with overwhelming congestion, air pollution, sprawl, and an overall decrease in quality of life. However, a return to the state's heritage of concern for the community and acceptance of extra-local controls in planning could assist the state in controlling its growth problems through effective growth management policy. Unfortunately, Utah appears unlikely to take this route. Thus, even with a planning heritage unlike any other state, Utah now faces a future of uncontrolled growth and its attendant ills.

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