Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1968. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

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Orientador: Angélica Lovatto / Banca: Lúcio Flávio de Almeida / Banca: Marcos Tadeu Del Roio / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi demonstrar a influência da teoria da dependência nas Ciências Sociais, especialmente no pós 1964, particularmente as teses de Fernando Henrique Cardoso e Ruy Mauro Marini que, de maneiras distintas, apresentaram os problemas inerentes ao capitalismo dependente brasileiro, cada qual apontando categorias diversas, como forma de se pensar a superação ou no mínimo uma solução para os problemas advindos dessa forma específica de subordinação. Além de apresentar as ideias principais dos autores, também foram expostas as diversas análises que pesquisadores, das mais diversas áreas do conhecimento - a partir das alternativas que Cardoso e Marini propuseram para a solução da dependência brasileira - discutiram, avaliaram e opinaram sobre as contribuições dos autores para a compreensão dos problemas econômico-políticos da subalternidade brasileira. A partir da hipótese de que foi a tese de Cardoso que mais teve influência nas Ciências Sociais propondo um desenvolvimento brasileiro associado-dependente, foram expostos os motivos pelos quais, a possível predominância desse pensamento obstaculizou o debate acerca da teoria da dependência, fazendo com que, durante anos, houvesse a divulgação de uma espécie de "pensamento único", aceito como inquestionável, e que fez com que as teses de Marini fossem mal compreendidas ou no mínimo ficassem em segundo plano. A partir disso, os pesquisadores e comentadores dessas obras passaram a ter grande importância nesta pesquisa, posto que apresentaram as razões pelas quais não teria havido, no Brasil, um debate acerca dos autores dependentistas marxistas - Ruy Mauro Marini, Theotônio dos Santos e Vânia Bambirra - expondo as razões históricas do "não-debate". Além disso, foram expostas as críticas de Fernando Henrique Cardoso e José Serra a Ruy Mauro Marini, bem como a defesa do último, que até o ano 2000 não havia sido publicada... / Abstract: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the influence of dependency theory in the social sciences, especially after 1964, particularly theses Cardoso and Ruy Mauro Marini that, in different ways, presented the problems inherent to the Brazilian dependent capitalism, each pointing various categories as a way of thinking to overcome or at least a solution to the problems created by this particular form of subordination. Besides presenting the main ideas of the authors , the various analyzes that researchers from various fields of knowledge were also exposed - from the alternatives that Cardoso and Marini proposed for the solution of the Brazilian dependency - discussed, evaluated and commented on draft contributions authors to understand the economic and political problems of the Brazilian inferiority. From the assumption that was the thesis that Cardoso had more influence in the Social Sciences proposing an associated -dependent Brazilian development, the reasons for the predominance of this thinking can be hampered the debate about dependency theory were exposed, making for years, there was the release of a kind of "single thought", accepted as unquestionable, which made Marini's theses being misunderstood or at least staying in the background. From this, the researchers and commentators, these works have gained great importance in this research, since it showed the reasons why there would have been, in Brazil, a debate about authors dependent Marxists - Ruy Mauro Marini, Theotônio dos Santos and Vania Bambirra - exposing the historical reasons for this "non-debate". Moreover, the criticism of Fernando Henrique Cardoso and José Serra to Ruy Mauro Marini, as well as the defense of the latter, which until 2000 had not been published in Brazil were exposed. Thus, with the exposition of ideas of Cardoso and Marini was understood that the predominance of the theses of the first studies on... / Mestre

Magister Legum - LLM / The purpose of this paper was to examine the impact that the proliferation of regional trade agreements have had on the Multilateral Trading System and whether by allowing regional trade agreements under the World Trade Organization rules, the members of the World Trade Organization have not unwittingly weakened the multilateral trading system. It also examined the effect the proliferation of regional trade agreements have had on the special and deferential treatment for developing countries within the system. / South Africa

Magister Legum - LLM / The objective of this research was to examine how SADC states can attain goal 8 of the Millennium Development Goals set up by the international community through the United Nations in the year 2000, using trade under the mechanism envisaged by the World Trade Organization by the target date of 2015. / South Africa

Magister Legum - LLM / This thesis has attempted to provide an analysis of two legal instruments; the Cotonou Agreement and the AGOA. Specific attention was directed to these instruments impact on trade between the European Union and the United States, respectively, and beneficiary African countries. / South Africa

This study presents a new attempt to gain a better understanding of those forces that lead to the movement of funds from one country to another. Attention is restricted to the international market for long-term debt capital. The empirical analysis focuses on capital flows between Canada and the United States, particularly on Canadian corporate borrowing in the United States during the period from i960 through May 1973. A model of the international term structure of interest rates is developed. Differences in time preferences between nations, exchange rate expectations and exchange risk, and transaction costs are shown to determine interest rate differentials and to influence international capital flows. The inflow of long-term debt capital into Canada is almost exclusively due to the sale of new bond issues abroad by borrowers other than the federal government. Activities of international investors in secondary markets are of only minor importance. Therefore we have to rely on an indirect test of the basic features of our theory. We concentrate on an analysis of decisions by Canadian corporations to float U.S.-pay bonds. An examination of macro-economic data indicates that Canadians have a markedly higher demand for funds than Americans. An analysis of bond markets in the two countries suggests that Canadian lenders prefer comparatively marketable securities. To further test for such differences in time preferences, it is hypothesized that the availability of a well-functioning private placement market, of long-term forward commitments, and of longer maturities should be factors attracting Canadian corporations to the U.S. bond market. Both discriminant analysis results and interviews with managers, underwriters, and life insurance officers provide strong support for our assertions, except that longer terms to maturity available in the U.S. are of lesser interest to Canadian firms. An analysis of exchange risk suggests that long terms to maturity and evenly distributed sinking fund payments should be preferred. Firms active in export markets should regard foreign borrowing as a means to sell income denominated in a foreign currency forward. Only weak statistical support for the asserted corporate behaviour is found. Interviews revealed that exchange risk influences foreign borrowing, but its management is not well understood. Slightly lower nominal interest costs seem to be all the protection against exchange risk firms require. Factors other than lower borrowing costs have become increasingly important for the choice between Canadian-pay and U.S.-pay bonds. In our model it is assumed that information and transaction costs are higher when two investors from different nations deal with each other than for purely domestic transactions. Causes of such differences and their impact on capital flows are analyzed. Whereas the typical American private placement is small in size and issued by a smaller, less financially secure firm, Canadian U.S.-pay bonds are large in size and sold by larger corporations or those with international connections. Continuing relationships with American lenders have also proven very beneficial. Finally, the individual results are drawn together. It is shown that the hypotheses derived from our model lead to the identification of variables that allow an almost perfect discrimination between Canadian-pay and U.S.-pay bonds issued by Canadian corporations. / Business, Sauder School of / Graduate

One of the most pressing problems of developing countries is their economic and political dependence on the major global powers, which is thought to impose severe constraints on the ability of LDCs to pursue autonomous development. This thesis explicates and examines one strategy to reduce dependence, as it is developed and pursued by the members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and Singapore). The elements of this strategy are diversification of economic relations and restructuring of memberships in international organizations. Policies leading to diversification in the areas of international trade and foreign direct investment are described, and evaluated through statistical analysis of trade and investment flows for the period 1967 to 1978. The evolution of ASEAN is examined, particularly as it bears on economic issues. Patterns of memberships in global and regional international organizations and transnational associations are examined for evidence of a greater capacity for collective behavior on the part of the ASEAN members. The study concludes that there has been modest progress toward reducing the structural basis of dependence, although there are numerous limitations to diversification. The ASEAN members remain dependent, but less so. Their strategy may offer an alternative to other collective self-reliance strategies pursued by Third World nations. / Arts, Faculty of / Political Science, Department of / Graduate

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