A Research Project Submitted to the Faculty of Education, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Education. Johannesburg, 1982 / This research project examines the influence of the philosophy of Christian National Education (C.N.E.) on the principles underlying South African education,and attempts to determine the general trend of that influence from 1948 to 1982. To this end the project investigates the nature of C.N.E. by tracing the development of the C.N.E. movement from its origins to the publication of its official policy statement in 1948. This historical overview highlights the fundamental shift in the movement from a religious to a more secular and national outlook, as C.N.E. became associated more closely with Afrikaner Nationalism and the National Party Government. An examination of its effect on South African education reveals that C.N.E. was a powerful influence on the system of Bantu Education and permeated many aspects of White education. In recent years, however, C.N.E.'s influence has been less noticeable and some of its tenets compromised. No C.N.E. bias was detected in the principles of the de Lange Commission (198i). From these findings it seems that C.N.E. has lost its impetus and appeal for many Afrikaners. Nevertheless, the rightwing Afrikaner reaction, against the de Lange Report and in favour of C.N.E., suggests that this educational philosophy still is subscribed to by a powerful section of Afrikanerdom.

In 1990, the Northwest Association of Schools and Colleges moved to an accreditation model based on outcomes, their assessment and deliberative attempts at institutional change and improvement. No study existed in northwest community colleges which identified the systematic application of effectiveness indicators for institutional change and improvement. This study was conducted with primary administrators in northwest community colleges that have completed the regional accreditation process since 1990. It examined the perceived importance of using effectiveness indicators for assessing institutional outcomes, and their congruence with actual or potential use in making institutional change and improvements. This study shows there is a positive relationship in community colleges between the development of institutional effectiveness indicators and institutional change and improvement. All administrators believed they should be using effectiveness indicators but used them in varying degrees for planning, improving services, budgeting, accreditation, program review and other decision making processes essential to the functioning of community colleges. Although the use varied by category and administrative subgroup, those administrators who had used effectiveness indicators believed their use led to positive institutional change. In order for this study to have an affect on northwest community colleges, several important conditions need to be addressed. The Northwest Association of Schools and Colleges must enforce Policy Statement 2.2, Policy on Educational Assessment, which requires the adoption of an institutional effectiveness model. Community colleges must embrace this model as a mechanism useful for the continuous improvement process. Faculty, staff, administrators and boards must be trained in the application and use of the institutional effectiveness model. Boards must establish outcomes or institutional goals based on their unique mission and must hold the community college president accountable for the achievement of institutional outcomes and the implementation of an assessment process. Assessment must be completed at all levels of the institution. Institutions must adopt an assessment model that reflects the institutions goals and objectives, and place its responsibility prominently within the organization. Finally, measures must be developed at each level or process by the persons closest to the process. Failure to enforce accreditation standards will lead to publicly enacted performance indicators aimed at achieving institutional effectiveness or accountability. / Graduation date: 1998

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

This study offers an in-depth exploration of the conditions from which the implementation of a curriculum called the International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE), later localised into Swaziland General Certificate of Secondary Education (SGCSE), emerged and the constraining and enabling conditions for the implementation of the new I/SGCSE curriculum. It derives its theoretical foundation from Roy Bhaskar’s critical realism and Margaret Archer’s concept of analytical separability. The study therefore offers explanations about the curriculum change and its implementation that are based on how structural, cultural, and agential mechanisms operating at a deeper level of reality (the intransitive layer of reality or the domain of the real) and existing independently of what we see, know or believe of them (the transitive layer of reality or domains of the actual and empirical) interacted to condition the emergence of I/SGCSE and the way it is implemented. I conduct a critical discourse analysis of relevant literature, I/SGCSE documents and interview data in order to identify those mechanisms that were cultural and also those that were structural and agential. Bernstein’s concepts of classification and framing are used to analyse observation data in order to explore the influence of these mechanisms on the teaching practices of the teachers who took part in the study. Analysis of the data suggests that the change from General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level (GCE O-level) to I/SGCSE was conditioned by inconsistencies between the cultural and structural mechanisms of the Swazi context. Many of the cultural elements of the Swazi context such as the discourses of good citizens, of competitive advantage, and of quality education draw from global discourses which view relations between people from a postmodernist position and therefore support weakly classified and framed pedagogic practices. In contrast, the discourse of morality and many of the structural elements of the Swazi context, such as the pre2006 education system and the Tinkhundla government system, all view reality from a modernist position, therefore supporting strong relations of power and control. The cultural system therefore exerted more influence in conditioning the change from the strongly classified and framed GCE O-level curriculum to the weakly classified and framed I/SGCSE curriculum. Furthermore, the analysis of interview and observation data suggests that inconsistencies between the global discourses and the discourses and structures that teachers confront in their day-to-day lives, together with the decisions teachers made in response to structural constraints, created constraining conditions for the change from GCE O-level to I/SGCSE. The study adds to knowledge on curriculum change and implementation through insights into the enabling and constraining effects of mechanisms operating at a deeper level of reality on curriculum-change decisions and on the ability of teachers to implement curriculum changes. The focus on the deeper level of reality may therefore contribute towards emancipatory knowledge which could be used not only by the Ministry of Education and Training and teachers in Swaziland but also elsewhere to inform future planning, decision making, and practice in relation to curriculum change and implementation.

A dissertação “Descobrindo o valor das coisas ao meu redor”: vivência de educação patrimonial no ensino de história tem por objetivo analisar como o patrimônio cultural local, que se encontra no interior e no entorno de escolas periféricas, pode ser utilizado como fonte de conhecimento para o fortalecimento da cidadania, possibilitando um diálogo entre o ensino de História e as questões pertinentes à Educação Patrimonial. Para o desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa foi construído e desenvolvido o Projeto de Educação Patrimonial “Descobrindo o valor das coisas ao meu redor” a partir de uma série de atividades alicerçadas na utilização da metodologia de alfabetização patrimonial, com uma turma do nono ano da Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Guerino Zugno, localizada no bairro Planalto II, um bairro periférico da cidade de Caxias do Sul-RS. Para a análise dos resultados obtidos, durante a aplicação das oficinas que integram o projeto buscou-se suporte em elementos teóricos acerca do patrimônio e da memória, relacionando-os com a educação patrimonial e a sua interligação com a construção da identidade e o fortalecimento da cidadania, assim como da formação das grandes cidades como espaços de constantes transformações, mas que trazem no seu patrimônio elementos de identidade. Para tanto, trago para discussão a ampliação do tema educação patrimonial nas escolas, a partir de iniciativas em conjunto com as Universidades, propiciando a aproximação da academia com as comunidades. O produto derivado da pesquisa encontra-se em um Caderno de Memórias que expõe o percurso do Projeto “Descobrindo o valor das coisas ao meu redor”. / Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2017-08-18T12:14:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Ana Paula Santos de Almeida.pdf: 4217677 bytes, checksum: f228c456616bb890f4b8953e8b41e93b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-18T12:14:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Ana Paula Santos de Almeida.pdf: 4217677 bytes, checksum: f228c456616bb890f4b8953e8b41e93b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-18 / The dissertation "Discovering the value of things around me": an experience of heritage education in the teaching of history aims to analyze how the local cultural heritage, located in and around peripheral schools, can be used as a source of knowledge For the strengthening of citizenship, enabling a dialogue between the teaching of History and the issues pertaining to Heritage Education. For the development of this research, the Patrimonial Education Project "Discovering the value of things around me" was built and developed from a series of activities based on the methodology of heritage literacy, with a group of the ninth year of the Municipal School of Elementary School Guerino Zugno, located in the district Planalto II, a peripheral district of the city of Caxias do Sul-RS. For the analysis of the results obtained, during the application of the workshops that integrate the project, support was sought in theoretical elements about heritage and memory, relating them to heritage education and its interconnection with the construction of identity and the strengthening of Citizenship, as well as the formation of large cities as spaces of constant transformation, but which bring in their patrimony elements of identity. To this end, I bring to the discussion the expansion of the topic of heritage education in schools, based on initiatives in conjunction with universities, fostering the approximation of academia and communities. The product derived from the research is found in a Notebook of Memories that exposes the course of the Project "Discovering the value of things around me".

A dissertação “Descobrindo o valor das coisas ao meu redor”: vivência de educação patrimonial no ensino de história tem por objetivo analisar como o patrimônio cultural local, que se encontra no interior e no entorno de escolas periféricas, pode ser utilizado como fonte de conhecimento para o fortalecimento da cidadania, possibilitando um diálogo entre o ensino de História e as questões pertinentes à Educação Patrimonial. Para o desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa foi construído e desenvolvido o Projeto de Educação Patrimonial “Descobrindo o valor das coisas ao meu redor” a partir de uma série de atividades alicerçadas na utilização da metodologia de alfabetização patrimonial, com uma turma do nono ano da Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Guerino Zugno, localizada no bairro Planalto II, um bairro periférico da cidade de Caxias do Sul-RS. Para a análise dos resultados obtidos, durante a aplicação das oficinas que integram o projeto buscou-se suporte em elementos teóricos acerca do patrimônio e da memória, relacionando-os com a educação patrimonial e a sua interligação com a construção da identidade e o fortalecimento da cidadania, assim como da formação das grandes cidades como espaços de constantes transformações, mas que trazem no seu patrimônio elementos de identidade. Para tanto, trago para discussão a ampliação do tema educação patrimonial nas escolas, a partir de iniciativas em conjunto com as Universidades, propiciando a aproximação da academia com as comunidades. O produto derivado da pesquisa encontra-se em um Caderno de Memórias que expõe o percurso do Projeto “Descobrindo o valor das coisas ao meu redor”. / The dissertation "Discovering the value of things around me": an experience of heritage education in the teaching of history aims to analyze how the local cultural heritage, located in and around peripheral schools, can be used as a source of knowledge For the strengthening of citizenship, enabling a dialogue between the teaching of History and the issues pertaining to Heritage Education. For the development of this research, the Patrimonial Education Project "Discovering the value of things around me" was built and developed from a series of activities based on the methodology of heritage literacy, with a group of the ninth year of the Municipal School of Elementary School Guerino Zugno, located in the district Planalto II, a peripheral district of the city of Caxias do Sul-RS. For the analysis of the results obtained, during the application of the workshops that integrate the project, support was sought in theoretical elements about heritage and memory, relating them to heritage education and its interconnection with the construction of identity and the strengthening of Citizenship, as well as the formation of large cities as spaces of constant transformation, but which bring in their patrimony elements of identity. To this end, I bring to the discussion the expansion of the topic of heritage education in schools, based on initiatives in conjunction with universities, fostering the approximation of academia and communities. The product derived from the research is found in a Notebook of Memories that exposes the course of the Project "Discovering the value of things around me".

Orientador: Sonia Giubilei / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T13:59:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Torres_ElianeAparecida_D.pdf: 735697 bytes, checksum: e7951424138d6042c9dceff7c2e18323 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Esse trabalho apresenta uma visão do contexto nacional, inserindo o vezo internacional, procurando revelar o terreno onde emerge a Educação de Jovens e Adultos, como surgem e se fortalecem as ideologias, que favorecem concepções equivocadas ao longo da Educação Brasileira. A pesquisa empreendida em uma escola pública de educação básica do estado de São Paulo, exclusiva para jovens e adultos do ensino fundamental ¿ 2º segmento e do ensino médio, expôs por meio dos instrumentos metodológicos utilizados, pesquisa documental e entrevistas, as relações de ensino e as relações de aprendizagem que se modificam pelos sujeitos em ação na busca do conhecimento. As categorias de análise método/conteúdo e avaliação/objetivo nortearam categorias empíricas que constituíram o fazer, resignificaram o saber, qualificando a práxis pedagógica / Abstract: This research brings out different concepts and approaches regarding the Brazilian Education case and its historical development, following known international trends. It tries to reveal the field where Adult Education has been developed as well as the ideologically based concepts which has favoured ambiguous and misconstructed guidelines through Brazilian fundamental instruction. The survey which was developed in a chosen public high school in São Paulo state, restricted to Adult students, has tried to explain the relationship between teaching and learning and how it actually modifies the people who are engaged in a consequent action. The used methodological instruments were documental research and interview. The pedagogical labour was constructed according to every day practical activities as means of reaching well based knowledge achievements. Thus, the meaning of the intertwined fundamental elements of Education praxis, methodology/content and evaluation/goals, was reconsidered. / Doutorado / Politicas de Educação e Sistemas Educativos / Mestre em Educação

No description available.

This study surveyed 15 teachers from an elementary school in Southern California regarding their perceptions of their use of the computer lab as an educational tool to develop student higher order level thinking skills, and compared the results to the actual computer lab activities they assigned. Data regarding actual computer lab practices was collected over a period of one school year. This data was analyzed and categorized by using Bloom's Taxonomy descriptors. Each computer lab activity was scaled and given a value using these descriptors of higher order thinking skills. Results indicated a difference between teacher's perceptions and skills targetted in assigned computer activities.

The problem of this study is a comparison of minimum competencies needed for high school graduation as perceived by local professional educators to those perceived by the local school community. The source of data is Community Survey of Essential Student Skills. This survey instrument is a rating of the importance of minimum competencies by 1,931 patrons in the local school community. A total number of 401 professional educators had previously rated these competencies. The following conclusions are based on the analysis of each hypothesis and observations during the study. 1. There is an increasing amount of emphasis in the literature that major perceptual differences exist between professional educators and school communities. Educators need to identify and act upon the perceptions of their patrons. Increased emphasis upon community involvement is supported by findings of this study. For example, the community could be involved in curriculum development for life skills. Patrons, students and parents could serve on advisory committees to school boards. 2. There is evidence that increased communication efforts are needed to narrow the gap between perceptions of educators and school communities. Educators perceived the reading and writing skills in this study as Essential but patrons did not. Better clarification to patrons relating to why and how skills are taught would be helpful. Otherwise, it will appear to patrons that schools are out of step with requirements for coping in today's society. 3. Inflation has increased the cost of education, and taxpayers are not willing to support a system that they feel may not be doing an effective job. While there is a large majority of the American public that still has confidence in schools as indicated by the 1978 Gallup Poll, there needs to be a bolstering of support. It behooves educators to set and monitor expectations of achievement, provide resources to meet needs of diverse students, inform and involve patrons and promote a caring, disciplined atmosphere in all classrooms.