Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-11-09T10:23:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Milena Marques Micossi.pdf: 1485954 bytes, checksum: 300656afa62b8131ba4363f41545c2a3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-09T10:23:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Milena Marques Micossi.pdf: 1485954 bytes, checksum: 300656afa62b8131ba4363f41545c2a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-13 / The present research aims at investigating how teachers’ continuing professional development is able to bring about reflection and contribute to the change of literacy teachers’ practices in municipal schools in the city of São Paulo. The development policy within this context is guided by the training suppositions of the Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa – PNAIC (National Pact for Literacy at the Right Age). To look into how continuing professional development can contribute to the change of teachers’ activity, the study proposes the analysis of aspects of the training route which may promote reflection and eventual change. It also investigates the action of the former as a mediator in the process of reconstructing and resignifying literacy teachers’ methods, as well as identifies whether there were changes in practice through continuing professional development offered and measured by the suppositions of PNAIC. The theoretical background deployed is composed by Freitas (2007), Placco and Souza (2015), Larrosa (2002), Almeida (2002) and Tardif (2014). The study was conducted at a municipal school of basic education in the region of São Mateus, East Zone of São Paulo. The subjects of the research are five literacy teachers who took part in the 2016’s continuing professional development program. The methodology is qualitative, with the objective of studying the contingencies of the subjects under actual working conditions. Data was collected through a questionnaire and individual and collective interviews, always semi-structured. The analysis of the data has revealed that continuing professional development will likely promote change of practices as long as the professional and formative trajectory of the teachers is taken as a starting point for the reflections, being teaching activity itself the object of study and investigation in the face of the proposition of a formative itinerary which favors meaningful experiences that affect the former and leads to looking for new pedagogical practices. For this purpose, the study has also confirmed that the development must establish dialogical processes which emphasize an active listening and an attentive look from the former towards the groups of teachers, breaking with the conceptual and pragmatic deconstruction discourse to promote the pragmatic resignification mediated by teachers’ trajectory discourse. The research has also testified that the practice as the object of study has fostered its approximation to the theoretical basis, which aroused, besides legitimating literacy teachers’ work, changes of teaching activity in the literacy period / A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar como a formação continuada docente pode contribuir para a reflexão e mudanças das práticas dos professores alfabetizadores da Rede Municipal de São Paulo. A política de formação desse contexto pauta-se nos pressupostos formativos do Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa – PNAIC. Para investigar como a formação continuada pode contribuir para a mudança das práticas docentes, o estudo propõe a análise dos elementos do itinerário formativo que podem promover a reflexão e a possível mudança. Analisa também a ação do formador como mediador no processo de reconstrução e ressignificação das práticas, além de verificar se houve indicadores de mudança das práticas a partir da formação continuada oferecida e mediada pelos pressupostos do Pnaic. As referências teóricas adotadas neste estudo são Freitas (2007), Placco e Souza (2015), Larrosa (2002), Almeida (2002) e Tardif (2014). O estudo foi realizado em uma unidade educacional municipal de ensino fundamental da região de São Mateus, zona leste da cidade de São Paulo no ciclo de alfabetização. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são cinco professoras alfabetizadoras que realizaram a formação continuada em contexto no ano de 2016. A metodologia de pesquisa é qualitativa com o objetivo de estudar as contingências dos sujeitos em condições reais de trabalho. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados foram utilizados o questionário, a entrevista individual e a entrevista coletiva, sempre semiestruturadas. A análise dos dados revelou que a formação continuada poderá promover a mudança das práticas quando o formador considerar a trajetória formativa e profissional dos professores como o ponto de partida das reflexões, sendo a própria prática docente o objeto de estudo e investigação diante da proposição de um itinerário formativo que privilegie as vivências de experiências significativas que afetem o docente e o levem a buscar novas práticas pedagógicas. Para tanto o estudo também comprovou que a formação deverá estabelecer processos dialógicos que privilegiem a escuta ativa e o olhar atento por parte do formador com o grupo de professores, rompendo com o discurso da desconstrução conceitual e pragmática para o discurso da ressignificação pragmática mediada pela própria trajetória docente. A pesquisa também comprovou que a prática como objeto de estudo promoveu sua aproximação com a fundamentação teórica o que permitiu, além da legitimação do trabalho dos professores alfabetizadores, a mudança das práticas docentes no ciclo de alfabetização

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-12-11T11:58:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariana Fernandes Panizza.pdf: 794674 bytes, checksum: f57ad7551afed5144bc7de585f4af49a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T11:58:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariana Fernandes Panizza.pdf: 794674 bytes, checksum: f57ad7551afed5144bc7de585f4af49a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-10-01 / This study aimed to comprehend the needs, challenges and formative possibilities of the school management in the kindergartens affiliated to the Education Municipal System (EMS) of São Paulo and to suggest markers for the managers’ formation in the school supervision role which collaborate and qualify the educative actions built with babies and children in the Children Education. The research presented this problematization: how the school supervision may contribute to the formative needs of the school management of the kindergartens affiliated to the system. In order to develop this work, a qualitative approach was used with the aim to recognize through the narrative interview, with four subjects, two double of managers (Direction and Pedagogical Coordination), inspired in the theories of Josso (2004, 2007); Souza (2007); André (2008). The historical contextualization of the kindergartens in the city of São Paulo was supported by authors as Haddad, Campos and Rosemberg (1991), Sanches (2003), Kulmann Jr. (1998) and Franco (2012 and 2015). The comprehension about the meaning of the childhood was based on Arroyo (1994). In order to discuss the continuing education and the school management, the theoretical assumptions of Nóvoa (2002, 2007 and 2009), Garcia (1999), Souza and Placco (2015), Salmaso (2012), Rangel (1998), Possani (2012) and Libâneo (2001) were used. The analysis of the narratives was made from the needs, challenges and formative possibilities presented by the managers. This study resulted in markers to a formative proposal which, through an integrated schedule between the kindergarten, the pedagogical department of the Regional Education Directory and the School Supervision, contemplate the kindergartens’ scarce formation in order to overcome the challenges, therefore we highlight conceptions and intentions which need to be present in the formative proposal / O presente estudo teve por objetivo, compreender as necessidades, desafios e as possibilidades formativas da gestão nas creches conveniadas da Rede Municipal de Educação (RME) de São Paulo e propor indicativos, para formação dos gestores no papel da supervisão escolar, que colabore e qualifique as ações educativas construídas com bebês e crianças na Educação Infantil. A pesquisa apresentou a seguinte problematização: como a supervisão escolar pode contribuir com as necessidades formativas da gestão escolar das creches da rede conveniada. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa, com a finalidade de reconhecer por meio da entrevista narrativa as necessidades formativas de quatro sujeitos, duas duplas gestoras (Direção e Coordenação Pedagógica) inspiradas nas teorias de Josso (2004 2007); Souza (2007); André (2008). A contextualização histórica das creches no município de São Paulo, foi respaldada por autores como: Haddad, Campos e Rosemberg (1991); Sanches (2003); Kulmann Jr. (1998); e Franco (2012, 2015). Embasa a compreensão, acerca do significado da infância Arroyo (1994). Para discutir a formação continuada e a gestão escolar, a pesquisa fundamentou-se nos pressupostos teóricos de Nóvoa (2002, 2007, 2009); Garcia (1999); Souza e Placco (2015); Salmaso (2012); Rangel (1998); Possani (2012); e Libâneo (2001). A análise das entrevistas, foi realizada a partir das necessidades, desafios e possibilidades formativas, apresentadas pelas gestoras. Esse estudo resultou em indicativos para uma proposta formativa, que por meio de um calendário integrado entre a creche, o departamento pedagógico da Diretoria Regional de Educação e a Supervisão Escolar, que contemple a escassa formação das creches da rede conveniada. A garantia de momentos formativos permanentes; coletivos; reflexivos; e propositivos, com as equipes gestoras da creche é fundamental, para a superação dos desafios, sendo assim, destacamos concepções e intenções que precisam estar presentes na proposta formativa

An examination of the trainee experience in a competency based training programme. In a high-risk industry, having highly trained personnel is taken very seriously. This four year training programme produces highly qualified and skilled individuals and this research examined the experience of progressing through the training programme through the trainees' lens. Learnings include two consistent elements contribute to a negative trainee experience: Evaluation Methods that produced a tension between memorisation and learning and Trainer Practices that lacked student-centred, research informed methods that would likely improve the trainee success rate as well as the overall trainee experience.

The purpose of this study was to investigate perceptions of self-initiated professional development of English language teachers at English Language School of BaSkent University. Within this framework, teachers&amp / #8217 / attitudes towards their professional development, their perceptions of major professional development activities, and the factors that hinder change and growth in teachers were investigated. The data collection instrument used was a questionnaire administered to 110 English language teachers at BaSkent University. The questionnaire consisted of both open-ended and close-ended items and the data collected were analyzed descriptively to understand the general trends and differences among teachers. The data analysis revealed that the teachers agreed with most of the concepts that reflect the importance of professional development. In addition, they were aware of the importance of major professional development activities for their growth. However, peer observation and action research, which are developmental activities, were not favoured as much as the other activities. In addition, it was found that the teachers did not make use of the activities as much as they gave importance to. Furthermore, teachers showed significant differences in importance given to and making use of the activities by the background variables. Female teachers, young teachers and the teachers who do not have much experience seemed to give more importance to and actualize some of the professional development activities more than the other teachers. Meanwhile, it was also noted that the listed factors that hinder growth were all found important by the teachers. The most important impediments to growth were indicated as excessive workload, lack of self-motivation and lack of institutional support for professional development.

This case study, of veterinary education at Glasgow between 1949 and 2006, was undertaken to provide an illustrative account of learning and teaching practices over time. Ultimately the aim was to inform discussions on curriculum reshaping in undergraduate veterinary education at Glasgow. A questionnaire was distributed to 2360 alumni, 513 students and 50 teachers, to obtain quantitative data on the availability and perceived usefulness of different educational methods and technologies, analysed using SPSS. Qualitative data were sought principally through ten student focus groups and interviews with over thirty current and former staff, theoretically coded using NVivo. Questionnaire responses (from 11.5% of alumni, 23.8% of students and 72% of teachers invited to participate) revealed that lectures, printed notes, tutorials, practical classes and clinical training were used consistently over time and rated highly by stakeholders, confirming the importance of didactic teaching methods coupled with discussion and practical hands-on experience. The focus groups with students highlighted their strong desire for earlier clinical training, with the recognition that a case-based approach resulted in more meaningful learning. The interviews with staff revealed that whilst all staff welcomed the opportunity for increased vertical integration, problem-based learning was rejected as a wholesale solution. Highlights of the school’s curricular innovations to date include the clinico-pathological integrated sessions, the lecture-free final year, and the introduction of a veterinary biomolecular sciences course that allowed for a seamless vertical integration in years 1 to 4. However, recent efforts to implement self-directed learning and assessment strategies have been hampered by the fact that these were isolated innovations set within a traditional teacher-centred paradigm. There was little support among stakeholders for undergraduate specialisation. There is still a perceived need for veterinarians to have omni-potential – if not to be omnicompetent. However, it is recommended that the current system of tracking be replaced with a more streamlined core-elective system, to allow students to pursue specific topics of interest in the later years of the course. Teachers and students cited attributes of ‘good’ teachers. These generally did not change over time, although technologies did change. Good communication appears to be central to good teaching, with an in-borne desire to enthuse and motivate students to learn for the pleasure of learning rather than the need to hurdle-jump examinations. Both teachers and students cited good teaching characteristics in terms of the teacher as authority and motivator, rather than as a facilitator of independent learning, reflecting the nature of the traditional, didactic course. There was little evidence of pedagogical change resulting from technological innovations. If anything, newer technologies compounded surface learning approaches and low level cognitive processing, rather than promoting deep learning and higher order thinking skills. Identified barriers to teaching innovations included lack of time, reward and support (for teachers and students). Future curricular innovation will require a substantial investment in the scholarship of teaching – rewarding staff for excellence in teaching, putting it on a par with research excellence, and ensuring the necessary support mechanisms and infrastructure are in place to ensure the success of a self-directed learning curriculum. A guided discovery learning curriculum is recommended, a compromise between traditional teaching and a fully problem-based curriculum. The study did not specifically focus on assessment, but it is recommended that learning, teaching and assessment practices should be constructively aligned.

The National Curriculum Statement advocates a shift in focus with regards to the manner in which assessment and learning are conceptualized (Department of Education, 2002). Consequently, new forms of assessment that are in keeping with the principles of the National Curriculum Statement (Department of Education, 2002), are expected to be implemented within the South African classroom context. Set against this backdrop, the study set out to explore teaching learning through the lens of assessment, by focussing on the content, process and application issues associated with teacher learning. This study attempted to unpack what teachers know about assessment and how they have come to acquire this knowledge. It was envisaged that through an analysis of how teachers learn about assessment, this study would reveal valuable insights about how teachers learn, and in this way, bring to the fore additional meaningful insights about the conditions that lead to effective teacher learning. In striving to achieve the outcomes of the research project, this study focused on the interplay between theory and practice to explore the process of teacher learning and how this learning translates into practice, through exploring how teachers’ knowledge of assessment, influenced their classroom assessment practices. The study was a qualitative one, within a case-study design. The use of semi-structured, iterative interviews, document analysis, and observations, formed the instruments used in the study. The thesis unpacked the journey of learning about the new forms of assessment, among three primary school educators, who formed the participants of the study. The findings of the study allude to the notion that teachers learn in a variety of different ways, and through a plethora of learning experiences, making a simplistic, superficial understanding of teacher learning, inadequate. In addition, the study pointed to teacher learning being shaped by a number of factors, indicating the significant influence that a multitude of factors, both internal and external, have over teacher learning. Further, the challenges and issues associated with teacher learning were brought to the fore. The implications of the study suggest that teacher learning is complex and multi-faceted, making it most necessary to adopt a multi-focus approach to teacher learning. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Edgewood, 2012.

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My original contribution to knowledge is the use of computer generated, three-dimensional (3D) virtual worlds using Second Life® as a three-way sustained engagement and a mechanism for a genuinely productive dialogue between Further Education (FE) colleges, employers, employees and apprentices. This thesis shows how the use of virtual worlds creates meaningful employer engagement where Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are involved in planning and contributing to learning (Healey et al, 2014). A radical rethink is taking place about the way we should learn. That is that most learning is informal, at work, under the guidance of non-educationalists and that this situation is universal in the government's priority area of apprenticeship (HM Treasury, 2015) and among most private providers. I will discuss how virtual environments allow SMEs to work in ways they cannot in real life and juxtapose this against the real world, in order to reveal the previously misunderstood connections between the two. The question of Further Education (FE) reform has been widely debated (Bailey et al, 2015, Kelly, 2015) with former Skills Minister, Nick Boles, questioning whether the general FE college model has a future (Evans, 2015) and The Centre for Vocational Education Research (2015) reporting “FE needs to be rethought and rebuilt”. The gap in research for UK vocational education is significant, in comparison to school or university education (Coffield 2008, Grollmann, 2008) and detrimental to the UK government’s drive to recruiting 3 million apprentices by 2020 (Gov.UK, 2015a). This thesis addresses the use of virtual worlds to enhance work transitions both educationally and work related with special attention to apprentices. Specifically, I will be looking at research that pays attention to the socio-cultural context of situated learning (Lave and Wenger, 1991, Vygotsky, 1978), in order to show communities of practice in virtual worlds, transferring motivation and knowledge management. I argue working in virtual worlds bridges the gap between education and industry to develop a modern workforce for the continuation of learning across formal and informal settings (Vavoula et al, 2007) and how its use is endless and hugely enriching by allowing learning to be much more opportunistic. There are so many opportunities in the use of virtual worlds, related particularly to a three-way partnership in learning between apprentices and employees, employers and FE colleges: co-ordination of off- and on-the-job learning; real-time oversight for employers of their employees’ progress; use of virtual events at work to enrich learning, demonstrations of processes and development of learning communities.

The statutory education sector and health and social sectors are obliged to provide Welsh language services, either by teaching through Welsh-medium or Welsh as a second language or by providing an ‘Active Offer’ of Welsh language services. This thesis identifies that bilingual capacity in the workforce is vital to fulfilling these policies and that training the current workforce to increase their fluency and confidence to use Welsh is necessary to increase capacity. This thesis used questionnaire data obtained from participants on the sylfaen | foundation course of the Welsh National Sabbatical Scheme to investigate the course as a language capacity building and strengthening model, both to determine its effectiveness and best practices in increasing fluency and confidence to use Welsh by its participating English-medium primary school teachers; and its generalisability and applicability to the health and social sectors. A Sabbatical Scheme Model was proposed to senior officials in the social and health sectors in the Cardiff region and semi-structured interviews were undertaken of current Welsh language training and the perception of Welsh in the sectors. Based on these interviews, new questions were raised in terms of how the sectors are focusing on increasing fluency and confidence in using the Welsh language in work, with focus turning to either language capacity strengthening or language capacity building as opposed to a combination of the two. As a result, this thesis sets out conclusions regarding language capacity building versus language capacity strengthening, and how both are necessary in creating a strong bilingual workforce that can both actively offer and deliver Welsh language services.