The object of the master's paper is to analyze technological and legal aspects, which are an important part while improving e.Governance and an importance to create e.Archives. Archives as main keepers of the cultural, economical, educational heritage of the society, is concerned about maintenance of this heritage.

Šalia tradicinių informacijos srautų vis didesnę reikšmę ir vietą užima elektroninė informacija, tačiau informacijos amžiaus paradoksas yra tas, kad didesnė dalis elektroninės informacijos yra sunkiau prieinama nei anksčiau sukurtoji arba neprieinama visiškai. Elektroninė informacija kuriama, valdoma, perduodama ir saugoma naudojant dinamiškas, greitai kintančias informacinių technologijų priemones. Dėl greito technologijų senėjimo informacija, sukurta jas naudojant, prarandama arba tampa sunkiai prieinama ir dėl to negalima naudoti. Informacijos elektroninėje aplinkoje atsiradimas ir sklaida neišvengiamai keičia požiūrius ir sampratas. Atsiranda būtinybė peržiūrėti ir pateikti naujus archyvų veiklos organizavimo principus bei metodus. Dokumentų saugojimas paprastai yra apibrėžiamas kaip archyvo veiklos uždavinys, įgyvendinamas per archyvo vykdomas funkcijas, kurių tikslas – apsaugoti dokumentus nuo sugadinimo, sunykimo ar praradimo, sudaryti prieigos prie saugomų dokumentų galimybes, kad būtų tenkinami visuomenės socialiniai, teisiniai, kultūriniai, informaciniai poreikiai, taip pat išsaugoti dokumentus ateities kartoms kaip kolektyvinės atminties šaltinius. Dėl išaugusio informacinių technologijų naudojimo institucijų bei ūkio subjektų veikloje vis daugiau dokumentų sudaroma tik skaitmeniniame formate. Elektroninis dokumentas nuo tradicinio dokumento skiriasi tuo, kad jis yra sukurtas, laikomas, naudojamas ir saugojamas skaitmeniniame formate, tačiau, nepriklausomai nuo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The collective memory of the peoples of the world is of fundamental importance to preserve. Documentary heritage in the form of records or documents (archives) is an essential part of this memory. Over the last decade, the social role of local cultural institutions of all kinds has changed. A shift from the use of information on traditional paper-based carriers to electronic formats has taken place. The implementation of technology has brought about the modernisation of basic work processes and widened the range of services and channels of access. Memory institutions such as archives are adjusting themselves to the digital age. Originally, any computer data were considered as something internal — the final data output was always on paper. However, the development of computer networks have resulted in that in most cases it is much more convenient to distribute electronic documents than printed ones. And the improvements in electronic display technologies mean that in most cases it is possible to view documents on screen instead of printing them . However, using electronic documents instead of paper ones have created the problem of multiple incompatible file formats. Preservation and access to electronic records in electronic form is an important and difficult issue. Archival institutions have a distinctive mission − to give guidance on these problems to the creators of electronic records, to receive transfers of the electronic records, and to preserve and give access to... [to full text]

The values and motives behind e-Government projects are sometimes taken forgranted and are often considered as synchronised. Electronic archives can beconsidered a vital e-Government project, and the aim of this study was toinvestigate the values behind electronic archive projects for government agencies.This was achieved by investigating four different specifically chosen governmentagencies: three with electronic archives, and one without, and then assessing themusing the theoretical framework set out in Rose et al's article ’Managinge-Government’ published in Info Systems Journal in 2015: value position theory.The chosen government agencies were: Migrationsverket (the Swedish MigrationAgency), Skatteverket (the Swedish Tax Agency), Energimydigheten (the SwedishEnergy Agency), and Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning (Sweden’s GeologicalSurvey- SGU). Interviews were conducted with those archivists responsible for theelectronic archives at each of these four public agencies. The results of theinterviews were analysed using the value position theory. As a result, severaldifferent values were identified, though the values attached to professionality andefficiency ideals were more identifiable in the interviews than the values attachedto service and engagement. The values guiding the electronic archive projects werefound to be largely congruent. However, these values are not necessarilyrecognised on the state level, as shown by the fact that Statens Servicecenter’sproject has ended without result.

Abstrakt   Den snabba tekniska utvecklingen har lett till ökad produktion av digitala handlingar/records och transaktioner. Inom e-arkivens domäner, har detta medfört ett ökat tryck på det tekniska området för att kunna garantera autenticitet av bevarad information över tid.          Tidsstämplingstekniker är ett sätt att säkerställa digital information för en särskild tidpunkt och kan användas för att garantera autenticitet av digital information över tid. Denna magisteruppsats undersöker funktionen tidsstämpling inom e-arkivens domäner genom en kvalitativ metod med fem semistrukturerade intervjuer av fem svenska organisationer. I undersökningen ingår också en fallstudie av det svenska innovationsföretaget Enigio Time AB för att ge en förståelse av tidsstämplingstekniker och av deras tjänst time:stamp. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten i denna magisteruppsats är records continuum model med dels dess syn på kontinuitet i handlingar/records och dels dess belysande av skapelseögonblicket av handlingar/records. Den internationella standarden OAIS (Open Archival Information System) används för att hantera digital information och är, i denna uppsats, använd för att analysera hanteringen i dokumenthanteringssystem inom de fem organisationerna.                       Resultaten visar att denna snabba tekniska utveckling har komplicerat dels hanteringen i att säkerställa att digitala handlingar/records inte kan bli manipulerade eller ändrade och dels för att fortsatt kunna garantera autenticitet i ett långtidsperspektiv.                       Undersökningen visar även att organisationerna kan garantera att det bevarade materialet inte kommer att ändras när det väl är inne i arkivet men dess autenticitet, innan de kommer innanför arkivens trösklar, kan aldrig bekräftas. I och med att den moderna tiden producerar och bevarar enorma mängder data så bör detta starta med skapelsen av ett digitalt record tillsammans med bättre strukturerad metadatascheman som är säkrade i tid. / Abstract   The rapid ongoing technical development has led to increased production of digital records and transactions. In the domain of electronic archives, this has put pressure on the technical area in order to guarantee authenticity of preserved information over time. Time stamping techniques are one way to secure digital information at a certain point in time and can be employed to guarantee authenticity of digital information over time. This study examines the function of time stamping within the domain of electronic archives and is conducted with a qualitative method using semi-structured interviews on five Swedish organisations. The study is complemented with a case-study of the Swedish innovation company Enigio Time AB in order to gain understanding in time stamping techniques and their service time:stamp.                       The theoretical framework in this study is the records continuum model with the view of the continuity in records and its illumination of the point of creation. The international standard OAIS (Open Archival Information System) is used by several electronic models to manage digital information and is, in this study, used to analyse the management in record keeping within the five organisations.                       The conclusion is that this rapid technological development has complicated the management of secure digital records from manipulation and guaranteeing the authenticity in a long term perspective.                       The study further shows that organisations may guarantee that records will not change once they are received into the archive but the authenticity of them, before they were delivered, can never be confirmed. Since the modern information era produces and preserves enormous amounts of data, this has to start with the creation of the digital record where better structured metadata schemes are secured in time.