Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-12-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:21:27Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pavanelo_e_me_rcla.pdf: 352679 bytes, checksum: c2ee04305b25dfec63a04e73576eb150 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Neste trabalho são investigadas as reações apresentadas pelos alunos adultos ao ser desenvolvida uma proposta de trabalho diferenciada, que incentive um maior comprometimento com o processo de construção do seu conhecimento em Matemática. Esta pesquisa caracteriza-se por seu desenvolvimento a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa de investigação, cujo trabalho de campo foi realizado em uma sala de aula de Matemática de um Curso para Jovens e Adultos da rede Estadual de Ensino, da Cidade de Rio Claro (SP). A investigação se deu a partir de uma dinâmica proposta aos alunos, pela professora da sala e pela pesquisadora, baseada na resolução de situações-problema. Durante, aproximadamente, um mês, os alunos divididos em pequenos grupos, investigaram, resolveram e discutiram as resoluções das situações-problema propostas. A análise da dinâmica da sala de aula foi desenvolvida, considerando os aspectos culturais desse segmento de ensino e o conceito de atividade proposta por Leontiev. A investigação permitiu identificar e caracterizar importantes aspectos relacionados ao processo mencionado. / In this work the reactions presented by the adult students are investigated to the a differentiated work proposal to be developed, that motivates a larger engagement with the process of construction of its knowledge in Mathematics. This research is characterized by its development starting from a qualitative approach to the investigation, whose field work was accomplished in a room of class of Mathematics of a Course for Youths and Adults. The investigation gave him starting from a dynamics proposal to the students, for the teacher of the room and for the researcher, based on the situation-problem resolution. During, approximately, one month, the students divided in small groups, investigated, they solved and the resolutions of the situation-problem proposals discussed. The analysis of the dynamics of the class room was developed, considering the cultural aspects of that teaching segment and the concept of activity proposal for Leontiev. The investigation allowed to identify and to characterize important aspects related to the mentioned process.

Orientador: Laurizete Ferragut Passos / Banca: Idania Blanca Peña Grass / Banca: Dione Lucchesi de Carvalho / Resumo: Neste trabalho são investigadas as reações apresentadas pelos alunos adultos ao ser desenvolvida uma proposta de trabalho diferenciada, que incentive um maior comprometimento com o processo de construção do seu conhecimento em Matemática. Esta pesquisa caracteriza-se por seu desenvolvimento a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa de investigação, cujo trabalho de campo foi realizado em uma sala de aula de Matemática de um Curso para Jovens e Adultos da rede Estadual de Ensino, da Cidade de Rio Claro (SP). A investigação se deu a partir de uma dinâmica proposta aos alunos, pela professora da sala e pela pesquisadora, baseada na resolução de situações-problema. Durante, aproximadamente, um mês, os alunos divididos em pequenos grupos, investigaram, resolveram e discutiram as resoluções das situações-problema propostas. A análise da dinâmica da sala de aula foi desenvolvida, considerando os aspectos culturais desse segmento de ensino e o conceito de atividade proposta por Leontiev. A investigação permitiu identificar e caracterizar importantes aspectos relacionados ao processo mencionado. / Abstract: In this work the reactions presented by the adult students are investigated to the a differentiated work proposal to be developed, that motivates a larger engagement with the process of construction of its knowledge in Mathematics. This research is characterized by its development starting from a qualitative approach to the investigation, whose field work was accomplished in a room of class of Mathematics of a Course for Youths and Adults. The investigation gave him starting from a dynamics proposal to the students, for the teacher of the room and for the researcher, based on the situation-problem resolution. During, approximately, one month, the students divided in small groups, investigated, they solved and the resolutions of the situation-problem proposals discussed. The analysis of the dynamics of the class room was developed, considering the cultural aspects of that teaching segment and the concept of activity proposal for Leontiev. The investigation allowed to identify and to characterize important aspects related to the mentioned process. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:58:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Auriluci de Carvalho Figueiredo.pdf: 2619499 bytes, checksum: 2241abfdd5ba4c51913e0a7fd05a58bd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-29 / Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de São Paulo / Investigations have shown that difficulties experienced by students when dealing with topics of Algebra, across a range of schooling levels, may be rooted in certain conceptions of Algebra Education, either their own or those held by their teachers. These conceptions provide the basis for knowings held by teachers and students in Teaching Degree programs in Mathematics. Given the relevance of this link, the purpose of the present study was to identify knowings and conceptions related to Algebra Education deployed by teachers and students in a Teaching Degree program in Mathematics. To this end, a case study was conducted employing an ethnographic approach at a university located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The categorizations developed by Lee and Fiorentini et al. were the primary theoretical framework adopted to identify conceptions held by students and teachers in the program. The teaching-related knowings were analyzed based on two approaches: according to Tardif s perspective, in which the notion of knowing has a wider scope that encompasses, among other aspects, attitudes of professionals; and according to Shulman s perspective, which allows for identification of a repertoire of knowledge held by teachers related to mathematical contents, of which the elementary Algebra topics were our focus of interest. Data were collected from selected documents and by interviewing three 1st-year and five 2nd-year students along with four teachers, one of whom also acted as program coordinator. The Structural-fundamentalist conception (defined by Fiorentini et al.) proved predominant among the teachers, as did Algebra as Language (defined by Lee). Among students, the Linguistic-pragmatic conception (by Fiorentini et al.) and that of Generalized Arithmetic (by Lee) predominated. The investigation enabled identification of a potential for broadening knowings related to the teaching of elementary Algebra topics and linked to Algebra Education. Given that teachers and students lack knowings related to pedagogical, curricular, or content knowledge (defined by Shulman) needed for teaching elementary Algebra topics, across various schooling levels, the participants investigated generate some of the very difficulties they face. If the teachers and students interviewed are to overcome their current situation, they will need at least to enlarge their repertoire of knowings and concurrently examine a range of conceptions of Algebra and Algebra Education not only those available in the literature, but also those held by them. It is the author s belief that further studies involving the school community and carried out under the auspices of an institutional project represent a direction for future investigation. To this end, the present study provides a valuable contribution to the area / Pesquisas indicam que as dificuldades que estudantes vivenciam com tópicos de Álgebra, nos diversos segmentos de ensino, podem advir de determinadas concepções de Educação Algébrica, tanto próprias quanto de seus professores. Essas concepções são subjacentes a saberes de atores de cursos de Licenciatura em Matemática. Pela relevância de tal entrecruzamento, este estudo teve como objetivo detectar que saberes e que concepções de Educação Algébrica estão sendo mobilizados por atores de um curso de Licenciatura em Matemática. Para tanto realizamos um estudo de caso de natureza etnográfica em uma universidade localizada no estado de São Paulo. Para identificar as concepções dos atores desse curso, tomamos como principais referenciais teóricos as categorizações elaboradas por Lee e por Fiorentini et al. Os saberes docentes foram analisados a partir de dois enfoques: sob a ótica de Tardif, segundo a qual a noção de saber tem um sentido amplo que engloba, entre outros aspectos, as atitudes dos profissionais, e sob a ótica de Shulman, que permite identificar um repertório de conhecimento do professor ligado ao conteúdo matemático, no qual destacamos os tópicos algébricos elementares. As informações necessárias à investigação foram obtidas da análise de documentos selecionados e entrevistando-se três alunos de 1.o ano, cinco de 2.o e quatro professores, um dos quais era também o coordenador do curso. As concepções predominantes entre os professores entrevistados foram a Fundamentalista-estrutural (de Fiorentini et al.) e a de Álgebra como Linguagem (de Lee). Entre os alunos, predominaram as concepções Lingüístico-pragmática (de Fiorentini et al.) e de Aritmética Generalizada (de Lee). Esta investigação permitiu-nos vislumbrar a possibilidade de ampliação de saberes relativos ao ensino de tópicos algébricos elementares, que se vinculam a concepções de Educação Algébrica. Por sequer possuírem saberes relacionados aos conhecimentos pedagógicos, curriculares e de conteúdo (de Shulman) necessários à docência de tópicos elementares nos diversos segmentos de ensino, os atores do curso investigado geram algumas das dificuldades experimentadas. Para que esses atores ultrapassem essa condição, precisam, no mínimo, ampliar o repertório de seus saberes, ao mesmo tempo em que examinam concepções de Álgebra e de Educação Algébrica as da literatura e as próprias. Cremos que estudos envolvendo a comunidade escolar desenvolvidos pelo impulso de um projeto institucional possam concretizar tal proposta de investigação futura. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo pode oferecer sua contribuição

The student success rates for three developmental mathematics courses (prealgebra, elementary algebra, and intermediate algebra) taught through four instructional methods (lecture, personalized system of instruction [PSI], hybrid, and online) were examined. The sample consisted of 9,211 students enrolled in a large Texas community college from fall 2009 through spring 2011. Student success was defined as a grade of C or better. Chi-square tests were used to compare the three developmental mathematics courses success rates. Statistically significant differences in student success were found between all four methods of instruction for all three mathematics courses (prealgebra: χ2 [df = 3] = 107.90, p < 0.001; elementary algebra: χ2 [df = 3] = 88.39, p < 0.001; intermediate algebra χ2 [df = 3] = 254.18, p < 0.001). Binary logistic regression modeling was used to determine to what extent age, gender, ethnicity, residency, Pell eligibility and mode of instruction accounted for the community college students’ course success for each of the three developmental mathematics courses. For prealgebra, the independent variables of gender, race, age, residency, and mode of instruction made statistically significant contributions to the model (χ2 [df = 14, n = 1,743] = 159.196, p < .001; Nagelkerke R2 = .119), with greater success among female, White, younger, out of country students taking the course through lecture. For elementary algebra, the independent variables of race, age, residency, and mode of instruction made statistically significant contributions to the logistic regression model (χ2 [df = 14, n = 2,731] = 816.223, p < .001; Nagelkerke R2 = .358), with greater success among , younger, out of country students taking the course through lecture, hybrid or PSI. For intermediate algebra, only race and Pell eligibility made a statistically significant contribution to the logistic regression, with greater success among White, Pell-eligible students, and mode of instruction did not contribute significantly to the model (χ2 [df = 14, n = 3,936] = 53.992, p < .001; Nagelkerke R2 = .019). Recommendations for research and implications for practice are provided.