Portrait collectif de grands banquiers belges Bruxelles-Liège-Anvers (1830-1935). Contribution à une histoire des élites (2 volumes) Cette recherche, divisée en trois parties, est une première tentative visant à donner une vision prosopographique assez complète d’un groupe patronal dans la Belgique indépendante d’après 1830. Après avoir défini les principales caractéristiques sélectives de l’échantillon de 382 banquiers, la première partie de la thèse tente de synthétiser de manière principalement quantitative les traits distinctifs de l’élite à l’étude. La seconde partie, alternant approches quantitative et qualitative, propose des pistes de réflexion relatives aux réseaux mis à profit par les banquiers belges dans la constitution de leur tissu relationnel. La dernière partie essaye, en quelques pages synthétiques, de replacer les apports de cette recherche prosopographique dans le contexte économique de l’époque. Elle tente ainsi de jeter des ponts entre l’histoire économique et sociale, toutes deux utiles pour bien cerner les particularités du groupe de banquiers étudiés. Collective portrait of Belgian bankers Brussels-Liège-Antwerp (1830-1935). Contribution to a history of élite (2 volumes). This research, which is divided in three parts, aims to give for the first time a quite exhaustive “prosopographic” vision of a group of entrepreneurs in post 1830 independent Belgium. The first part is twofold: it defines the principal criteria of selection of the 382 strong sample of bankers, then aims to synthesize from a quantitative point of view the distinctive features of the elite under study. The second part, which relies on both quantitative and qualitative approaches, offers fresh thinking tracks as to the networks set up by Belgian bankers and the benefits thereof from a relational perspective. The final part aims, quite concisely, to set the contributions of this research back in their original economic context, thus bridging the gap between economic and social history, both equally useful to outline the features of the bankers under consideration.

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I argue that contemporary journalists paradoxically require a subjectivist epistemology to comply with the standards of what is known as "the ideal of objectivity." Because of this, these writers have lost much of the fact-claiming and meaning-making ability that makes their work so important. In order to understand how knowledge and meaning are constructed in journalism, we need to look past the surface rhetoric of the reporter and uncover the institutional rhetoric that has developed during the course of the 20th century. In this dissertation, I apply the classical rhetorical terms kairos and nomos to the political economy of the news industry and the professional conventions produced by that industry.

Bakgrund/problemformulering: Tankar och känslor kring träning och kost bland elitidrottande ungdomar är något som tidigare undersökts i begränsad utsträckning. Därför finns det anledning att ta reda på ungdomarnas egna uppfattningar och erfarenheter inom området. Syfte: Att undersöka hur idrottsaktiva ungdomar som tränar eller tävlar på elitnivå, eller för att nå elitnivå, tänker och känner kring träning och träningsvanor samt kring kost och kostvanor. Metod och design: För denna studie användes kvalitativ metod med deskriptiv design. Data insamlades genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer med fem elitidrottande ungdomar. Kvalitativ innehållsanalys tillämpades. Resultatsammanfattning: Träning var en central del i livet. Starka motivationsfaktorer var den inre drivkraften och träningskompisarna. Skador, sjukdom och andra motgångar påverkade idrottarna negativt. Idrottarna planerade sina måltider för att maximera prestationen. Medvetenheten kring kostens påverkan var hög, likaså kunskapen kring livsmedlen. Mat väckte både positiva och negativa känslor. Omgivningen visades ha betydande roll för idrottarna. Slutsats: Deltagarna i studien var motiverade, målinriktade samt medvetna om sina tränings- och kostvanor. Flera uppgav att det var svårt att lyssna på kroppen, framförallt vid skada eller sjukdom. Vidare forskning, i större skala, är nödvändigt för ökad kunskap inom området. / Background: What elite athlete adolescents think and feel about exercise and nutrition is vaguely examined, why there is reason to investigate the experiences and perceptions among these individuals. Purpose: To investigate the thoughts and feelings about exercise and nutrition among a group of elite athlete adolescents. Methods and design: A qualitative descriptive design was used for this study. Through semi-structured interviews with five elite athlete adolescents, data was obtained. A qualitative content analysis was used. Results: Exercise was central in the athletes’ lives. The biggest driving force was the motivation that came from themselves and their team-mates. Injuries, illness and other obstacles affected the athletes negatively. The athletes planned their meals to maximize the performance. The awareness of the importance of nutrition for performance was high, also the knowledge. Both positive and negative feelings were associated with food. The surroundings played an important role for the athletes. Conclusion: The participants of this study were motivated, determined and aware of their training habits and diet. It was hard to listen to the body, especially when injured or sick. More studies, in larger scale, are necessary to gain further knowledge in the field.

Antropóloga Social

Thesis (M.S.)--Guo li Taiwan da xue, 1968. / Cover title. Mimeographed. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-120).

Thesis (M.A.)--Guo li zheng zhi da xue, 1976. / Cover title. Reproduced from hand-written copy. Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-128).

Aims There are four very broad aims to the thesis. To assess whether new dimensions of democracy are emerging The first aim is to ascertain whether and in what senses new dimensions of democracy are emerging in Estonia. To explore whether there is a democratic shortfall The second aims is to consider the expectations of democracy both of the non-elite and elite groups, and to compare these with democratic reality. To assess the development of a 'new' democracy The third aim is to assess the development of a 'new' democracy. Estonia is a restored democracy. To challenge the ideas concerning previous democratic experience The fourth aim is to ascertain whether the 'restorationist principle' (Smith 1995) has been an assistance or a hindrance to democratic stability. Methods I attempt to create a comprehensive model from which to carry out a democratic 'audit' of Estonia. Established democratic experiences and Estonian democratic experience will be used in determining benchmarks Le. prerequisites and indicators for an analytical model from which to consider the re-established democracy in Estonia. This analytical model will help to identify certain characteristics of representative or pluralist democracy and its support systems, for instance historical background and political culture. Indicators are used, such as the level of trust or distrust of politicians. Indicators are open to many different interpretations, for example, why people do not vote in elections. These benchmarks and indicators facilitate a systematic comparative analysis and will help to establish more precisely the character and potential stability of the democracy that is emerging in Estonia. Questionnaires and interviews are used Literature review A variety of literature has been used for this research, the main ones are concerned with theory, in the form of up-to-date hooks and articles, post communist study, in the form of hooks, journals and websites and Estonia, in the form of journals, surveys and in particular, websites. Contribution to knowledge This study identifies gaps in knowledge and thus attempts to fill them. Estonia is a largely neglected country in the field of post communist study and this thesis aims to bridge some of these gaps. Generally, this thesis will contribute to the understanding of democracy, in particular stable democracy. It will challenge current understanding of stable democracy. It will examine whether a restored democracy is any more stable than a 'new' democracy - in particular whether a prior recent experience of democracy is an assistance or hindrance to democratic stability. It will contribute to the knowledge and understanding of the experience of post- Soviet Russians living outside Russia, including the perspectives of the Soviet Russian immigrant community in Estonia. By employing Ute concept of political stability it will be possible to assess whether Estonia was more stable as an authoritarian regime. From a more general perspective it may be possible to hypothesise about post communist democratic development. It could point to further lines of enquiry.

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Zugl.: Dresden, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2006