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Thermal Models and Energy Saving Strategies for Rotational Molding OperationsGhosh, Kalyanjit 09 July 2004 (has links)
Transient heat transfer phenomena in the rotational molding of plastic parts are modeled in this study. Natural convection and radiation from the furnace and flue gases to the mold housing are analyzed. Other models include transient heat transfer through the mold, single-phase conduction through the particulate plastic material prior to phase change, melting of the plastic and heating of the liquid pool. Subsequent staged cooling of the mold and solidification of the plastic using a combination of free and forced convection and radiation, are also modeled. The mold wall, melt, and solidified plastic regions are divided into a number of finite segments to track the temperature variation with time during the molding process. The corresponding variations in masses and thicknesses of the melt and solidified plastic regions are estimated. This information is used to estimate the energy consumption rates for various phases of the process. The model is applied to a specific molding process in a commercial rotational molding plant. Parametric studies of the effect of heating and cooling durations on the plastic temperatures and the energy consumption rates are conducted. These analyses provide insights about opportunities for optimization of the heating and cooling schedules to reduce overall energy consumption and improve throughput. The overall energy and gas consumption for the rotational molding process, taking into consideration the thermal mass of the auxiliary housing (steel) required to hold the molds, is estimated on a per-batch basis. In addition, a preliminary design for an alternative system for heating and cooling the molds using a high temperature heat transfer fluid (HTF) flowing through jackets integral to the molds is proposed.
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Improved mine cooling system performance through the control of auxiliary systems / W. BornmanBornman, Waldo January 2012 (has links)
Industrial and mining sectors are amongst the largest single energy consumers in South
Africa, making them a primary focus for implementing energy saving initiatives.
Refrigeration systems on mines are responsible for consuming up to25 % of the electrical
energy consumption on a typical South African deep level mine. Ample opportunities to
reduce the energy consumption of these systems exists, as many of the current systems rely
on old technology and function under partial or inadequate control management.
In compiling this thesis, various energy saving strategies on deep level mines were
investigated. In specific, the effects of controlling and improving the cooling auxiliaries.
Scenarios were investigated and simulated, where after an optimum solution was
implemented. Implementations, such as the ones covered in this dissertation, form part of the
IDM (Integrated Demand Management) energy efficiency incentive introduced by Eskom,
where funding is made available based on actual power saving; ensuring that the projects will
be financially viable to the clients.
Reduced electrical energy consumption realised from the abovementioned projects were
measured, captured and compared to the consumption before project implementation to
determine the achieved savings. Savings of up to 30 % of the plant installed capacity were
realised, providing average savings of up to 2.3 MW per day. / Thesis (MIng (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
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Improved mine cooling system performance through the control of auxiliary systems / W. BornmanBornman, Waldo January 2012 (has links)
Industrial and mining sectors are amongst the largest single energy consumers in South
Africa, making them a primary focus for implementing energy saving initiatives.
Refrigeration systems on mines are responsible for consuming up to25 % of the electrical
energy consumption on a typical South African deep level mine. Ample opportunities to
reduce the energy consumption of these systems exists, as many of the current systems rely
on old technology and function under partial or inadequate control management.
In compiling this thesis, various energy saving strategies on deep level mines were
investigated. In specific, the effects of controlling and improving the cooling auxiliaries.
Scenarios were investigated and simulated, where after an optimum solution was
implemented. Implementations, such as the ones covered in this dissertation, form part of the
IDM (Integrated Demand Management) energy efficiency incentive introduced by Eskom,
where funding is made available based on actual power saving; ensuring that the projects will
be financially viable to the clients.
Reduced electrical energy consumption realised from the abovementioned projects were
measured, captured and compared to the consumption before project implementation to
determine the achieved savings. Savings of up to 30 % of the plant installed capacity were
realised, providing average savings of up to 2.3 MW per day. / Thesis (MIng (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
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