Industrial and mining sectors are amongst the largest single energy consumers in South Africa, making them a primary focus for implementing energy saving initiatives. Refrigeration systems on mines are responsible for consuming up to25 % of the electrical energy consumption on a typical South African deep level mine. Ample opportunities to reduce the energy consumption of these systems exists, as many of the current systems rely on old technology and function under partial or inadequate control management. In compiling this thesis, various energy saving strategies on deep level mines were investigated. In specific, the effects of controlling and improving the cooling auxiliaries. Scenarios were investigated and simulated, where after an optimum solution was implemented. Implementations, such as the ones covered in this dissertation, form part of the IDM (Integrated Demand Management) energy efficiency incentive introduced by Eskom, where funding is made available based on actual power saving; ensuring that the projects will be financially viable to the clients. Reduced electrical energy consumption realised from the abovementioned projects were measured, captured and compared to the consumption before project implementation to determine the achieved savings. Savings of up to 30 % of the plant installed capacity were realised, providing average savings of up to 2.3 MW per day. / Thesis (MIng (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013

Industrial and mining sectors are amongst the largest single energy consumers in South Africa, making them a primary focus for implementing energy saving initiatives. Refrigeration systems on mines are responsible for consuming up to25 % of the electrical energy consumption on a typical South African deep level mine. Ample opportunities to reduce the energy consumption of these systems exists, as many of the current systems rely on old technology and function under partial or inadequate control management. In compiling this thesis, various energy saving strategies on deep level mines were investigated. In specific, the effects of controlling and improving the cooling auxiliaries. Scenarios were investigated and simulated, where after an optimum solution was implemented. Implementations, such as the ones covered in this dissertation, form part of the IDM (Integrated Demand Management) energy efficiency incentive introduced by Eskom, where funding is made available based on actual power saving; ensuring that the projects will be financially viable to the clients. Reduced electrical energy consumption realised from the abovementioned projects were measured, captured and compared to the consumption before project implementation to determine the achieved savings. Savings of up to 30 % of the plant installed capacity were realised, providing average savings of up to 2.3 MW per day. / Thesis (MIng (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013

[pt] A indústria de Petróleo enfrenta uma nova realidade com foco na integração de pessoas, processos e tecnologias, que possibilita a tomada de decisão de forma mais rápida e consequente otimização da operação, emergindo assim o conceito de Operações Integradas. Neste âmbito, as principais empresas mundiais desta indústria possuem programas dedicados à integração operacional da sua cadeia. Os primeiros ambientes criados eram simplesmente derivados do conceito de salas de controle operacional, onde a equipe podia monitorar a operação e realizar comunicação com o pessoal localizado remotamente. Atualmente, as empresas reconhecem que, além do valor agregado dos ambientes de colaboração integrados, a integração operacional exige cuidado, avaliação, design e planejamento da implementação, para garantir que esses ambientes se tornem uma plataforma para melhorar a comunicação, subsidiar as melhores decisões, permitir alta qualidade das análises e efetivamente usar um pool de recursos especialistas para suportar diversas operações simultaneamente. Com base neste contexto, o objetivo desta dissertação é apresentar um modelo de gestão para implantação de um centro de provimento logístico offshore integrado. O modelo foi proposto com base em uma pesquisa-ação realizada em uma unidade de um importante player da indústria de petróleo. O trabalho ressalta os principais motivadores, abordagens, vantagens e desvantagens, indicadores de desempenho que podem ser constituídos, riscos e demais fatores críticos na adoção do modelo de gestão de um centro de provimento logístico offshore integrado. O modelo foi elaborado de forma a ser uma abordagem de gestão eficiente para a mitigação das principais causas de variação nos processos logístico da empresa analisada. A adoção de um modelo como o proposto representa uma ruptura em detrimento às práticas de gestão atuais na maioria das empresas, e, portanto, abordagens não convencionais de gestão de riscos e gestão da mudança são salientadas na dissertação. Por fim, questões inerentes ao delineamento do modelo conceitual para um modelo que se aproxime da realidade para a implantação são abordadas e analisadas. / [en] The oil industry has been facing a new reality and its focus lies in people s integration, processes and technologies which enable decisions to be taken in a faster way, which optimizes the operation and originates, therefore, the Integrated Operation concept. Taking this scenario into account, the main worldwide companies related to this industry are ready to offer programs which are dedicated to the operational integration of this chain. The first environments stemmed from the concept of the operational control rooms, where the team could monitor the operation and perform communication remotely. Nowadays, companies recognize that, besides the integrated value of the integrated collaboration environments, the operation integration demands care, evaluation, design and implementation planning in order to guarantee that such environments can become a platform which will improve communication, subsidize the best decisions, allow high quality in the analysis and use a pool of expert resources in an efficient manner in order to support several operations simultaneously. Based on this context, the aim of this work is to present a management model for the implementation of a center to provide integrated offshore logistics. The model was proposed based on an action research carried out in an important player unit of the oil industry. The work highlights the main motivations, approaches, advantages and disadvantages, performance indicators which may be constituted, risks as well as other critical factors in the adoption of a management model for the implementation of a center to provide integrated offshore logistics. The model was created with the aim of becoming an efficient management approach for the mitigation of the main variation causes in the logistic processes taking the company analyzed as a reference. The adoption of a model as the one proposed represents a rupture as opposed to the current management practices in most companies, and, therefore, non-conventional approaches in the management of risks and changes are highlighted in this work. Finally, issues inherent to the formulation of the conceptual model for a model which is close to the reality for the implementation are discussed an analyzed.