When Frank Zappa died in 1993, he left Civilization Phaze III as a last testament to both his musical and thematic purpose. The work received a handful of reviews in the popular music press, and has subsequently been ignored by both the popular press and, with few exceptions, academia. Many are the composers whose careers have been thought describe a mid-period mastery, followed by later decline. This presumption seems to have fallen upon Frank Zappa, apparently due to his retirement from the concert stage, and final years writing music on the Synclavier. This thesis seeks to demonstrate that Zappa's compositional abilities were in no way diminished at the end of his life, but had instead reached a peak level of mastery in composition of his last work. This thesis shall provide an analysis and musical/extra-musical description of this piece, with the intention of situating it in relation to Zappa's compositional legacy, and to establish Civilization Phaze III as the crowning compositional achievement of his career.

Esta pesquisa, de cunho bibliográfico, apoiada em entrevistas semi-estruturadas, busca em seu conjunto analisar a trajetória histórica da educação pública no surgimento da modernidade e sua organização no Brasil, em meio a processos conflitivos de liberalismo e democracia que produziram um movimento econômico desigual e combinado, portanto concentrador de riqueza para os de cima contra os de baixo. Tal modelo de sociedade fez predominar entre nós uma escola marcada pela dualidade plena de recursos para os ricos e precarizada para os empobrecidos economicamente. No entanto, o esforço de superação desta mazela educacional apareceria em dois momentos: na consecução da Escola Parque de Anísio Teixeira, nos anos 1950 e na materialidade dos Centros Integrados de Educação Pública (CIEPs), implantados por Darcy Ribeiro em 1983. Prática construída a partir da ideia anisiana de inclusão das massas populares como um direito republicano, até então fragilizado. Ambos os projetos, por interesses contrários de uma elite conservadora, seriam politicamente abandonados. Com vistas a não permitir o apagamento histórico destas conquistas, reforçando-as como ação permanente a favor das classes populares priorizamos, no recorte do objeto de estudo, o programa de Animação Cultural instituído na escola pública fluminense dos anos 1980. Proposta inovadora na educação brasileira, visando reconhecer as experiências culturais das populações que residiam próximas aos CIEPS no estado do Rio de Janeiro como expressões éticas, estéticas e sociais emancipatórias. Tal proposição teve como mérito permitir que os saberes populares passassem a conviver com o conhecimento produzido na escola e vice-versa. Assim, Darcy Ribeiro através do Programa Especial de Educação (I PEE), criaria juntamente com Cecília Fernandez Conde, a figura do Animador Cultural artistas populares, na qualidade de trovadores, poetas, músicos, artistas plásticos etc, moradores das próprias localidades onde estavam instalados os CIEPs, tendo como função a mestria da cultura popular no ambiente escolar. Buscava-se, nesse intento, uma escola que mediasse saber formal e arte criativa como possibilidades de formar alunos e alunas para a totalidade humana, cuja práxis artística e crítica, amalgamassem pensar e fazer, sem qualquer hierarquização entre um e outro. / This biographically-oriented research, based on semi-structured interviews, has the general purpose of analyzing the history of public education in modern times and its organization in Brazil, amidst conflicting liberal and democratic processes which produced an unequal and combined economic movement in the country, concentrating richness in the upper classes as opposed to the lower ones. Such model of society led to a school system in Brazil usually characterized by dualitywith plenty of resources for the rich, but precarious for the economically impoverished. Efforts to overcome this educational situation were successful in two moments: when Anísio Teixeiras Escola Parque (Park School) was attained in the 1950s, and when the Centros Integrados de Educação Pública (CIEPs, Public Education Integrated Centers) were implemented by Darcy Ribeiro in 1983. They were based on Anísio Teixeiras idea that the inclusion of the popular classes was a republican right, which thus far had been fragile. Due to the opposing interests of a conservative elite, both projects eventually were politically abandoned. Aiming at not allowing these achievements to be erased from history and highlighting them as a permanent action in favor of the popular classes, our object of study prioritizes the Cultural Entertainment program, introduced in the public school system in the state of Rio de Janeiro in the 1980s. This was an innovative proposal in Brazilian education, which sought to acknowledge the cultural experiences of the populations living near the CIEPs as ethical, aesthetic, and social emancipatory expressions. One of the values of this proposal was to integrate popular knowledge to the knowledge produced in school, and vice versa. In this regard, through the first Special Education Program, Darcy Ribeiro and Cecília Fernandez Conde devised the role of Cultural Entertainer. It was performed by popular artists working as bards, poets, musicians, visual artists, etc. who lived in the same areas where the CIEPs were located and who taught popular culture in the schools. The goal was to create a school that offered both formal knowledge and creative arts as means to prepare students for the whole human dimension, and where the artistic and critical praxis combined thinking and doing without any hierarchy.

Esta pesquisa, de cunho bibliográfico, apoiada em entrevistas semi-estruturadas, busca em seu conjunto analisar a trajetória histórica da educação pública no surgimento da modernidade e sua organização no Brasil, em meio a processos conflitivos de liberalismo e democracia que produziram um movimento econômico desigual e combinado, portanto concentrador de riqueza para os de cima contra os de baixo. Tal modelo de sociedade fez predominar entre nós uma escola marcada pela dualidade plena de recursos para os ricos e precarizada para os empobrecidos economicamente. No entanto, o esforço de superação desta mazela educacional apareceria em dois momentos: na consecução da Escola Parque de Anísio Teixeira, nos anos 1950 e na materialidade dos Centros Integrados de Educação Pública (CIEPs), implantados por Darcy Ribeiro em 1983. Prática construída a partir da ideia anisiana de inclusão das massas populares como um direito republicano, até então fragilizado. Ambos os projetos, por interesses contrários de uma elite conservadora, seriam politicamente abandonados. Com vistas a não permitir o apagamento histórico destas conquistas, reforçando-as como ação permanente a favor das classes populares priorizamos, no recorte do objeto de estudo, o programa de Animação Cultural instituído na escola pública fluminense dos anos 1980. Proposta inovadora na educação brasileira, visando reconhecer as experiências culturais das populações que residiam próximas aos CIEPS no estado do Rio de Janeiro como expressões éticas, estéticas e sociais emancipatórias. Tal proposição teve como mérito permitir que os saberes populares passassem a conviver com o conhecimento produzido na escola e vice-versa. Assim, Darcy Ribeiro através do Programa Especial de Educação (I PEE), criaria juntamente com Cecília Fernandez Conde, a figura do Animador Cultural artistas populares, na qualidade de trovadores, poetas, músicos, artistas plásticos etc, moradores das próprias localidades onde estavam instalados os CIEPs, tendo como função a mestria da cultura popular no ambiente escolar. Buscava-se, nesse intento, uma escola que mediasse saber formal e arte criativa como possibilidades de formar alunos e alunas para a totalidade humana, cuja práxis artística e crítica, amalgamassem pensar e fazer, sem qualquer hierarquização entre um e outro. / This biographically-oriented research, based on semi-structured interviews, has the general purpose of analyzing the history of public education in modern times and its organization in Brazil, amidst conflicting liberal and democratic processes which produced an unequal and combined economic movement in the country, concentrating richness in the upper classes as opposed to the lower ones. Such model of society led to a school system in Brazil usually characterized by dualitywith plenty of resources for the rich, but precarious for the economically impoverished. Efforts to overcome this educational situation were successful in two moments: when Anísio Teixeiras Escola Parque (Park School) was attained in the 1950s, and when the Centros Integrados de Educação Pública (CIEPs, Public Education Integrated Centers) were implemented by Darcy Ribeiro in 1983. They were based on Anísio Teixeiras idea that the inclusion of the popular classes was a republican right, which thus far had been fragile. Due to the opposing interests of a conservative elite, both projects eventually were politically abandoned. Aiming at not allowing these achievements to be erased from history and highlighting them as a permanent action in favor of the popular classes, our object of study prioritizes the Cultural Entertainment program, introduced in the public school system in the state of Rio de Janeiro in the 1980s. This was an innovative proposal in Brazilian education, which sought to acknowledge the cultural experiences of the populations living near the CIEPs as ethical, aesthetic, and social emancipatory expressions. One of the values of this proposal was to integrate popular knowledge to the knowledge produced in school, and vice versa. In this regard, through the first Special Education Program, Darcy Ribeiro and Cecília Fernandez Conde devised the role of Cultural Entertainer. It was performed by popular artists working as bards, poets, musicians, visual artists, etc. who lived in the same areas where the CIEPs were located and who taught popular culture in the schools. The goal was to create a school that offered both formal knowledge and creative arts as means to prepare students for the whole human dimension, and where the artistic and critical praxis combined thinking and doing without any hierarchy.

This study unveils the perceptions, real-life experiences and thought-processes of contract workers who dedicate their lives to the Christian faith, values and belief-system, but simultaneously endeavour to establish and follow a successful career in the volatile, cut-throat, non-Christian-based (“hedonistic”) occupational entertainment commerce. The researcher embarked on this study with a qualitative, interpretivist research approach. Data was gathered through in-depth, unstructured, face-to-face interviews with a sample of nine research participants. The sample consists of student entertainers; entertainers in the public eye, but not yet established; as well as entertainers who have successful established careers with loyal national and international audiences in the Entertainment Industry. The researcher explores and seeks to understand the core values and belief systems of the research participants with regards to their Christian religious orientation, which is statistically verified to be the most prevalent religious practise in South Africa (Nation Master, 2013; Religious affiliation by country, 2010). Hence, the research findings with regards to Christians’ approach and attitude towards their careers will contribute to a better understanding and management of the majority of the workforce in South Africa. Moreover, the expected norms, values and work ethic of the Entertainment Industry in South Africa are exposed in this study. Although existing literature upholds that the Entertainment Industry is an exceptionally unstable work environment compared to other corporate industries, this research study adds significantly to current literature as viable causes for the unstable occupational environment are also investigated and presented. Previous research only addressed several aspects of the effect on one’s career advancement if an individual’s core value system differs from the accepted norms in an organisation or industry in general. This study subsequently reveals the personal- and occupational challenges that Christian entertainers encounter in an Entertainment Industry in South Africa and how they subsequently aim to decrease the cognitive dissonance that they experience due to continuous role conflict between moral obligation and the vital necessity for employment and career advancement. The findings of this study correlate with previous research as it indicates that the research participants will generally choose and prioritise their personal core values- and moral belief system above contradictory social and professional career demands and expectations. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / gm2014 / Human Resource Management / unrestricted