Spelling suggestions: "subject:"0nvironmental management system"" "subject:"anvironmental management system""
11 |
An integrated sustainability framework for environmental impact reduction in the gold mining industry/ Hendrik Gideon BrandBrand, Hendrik Gideon January 2014 (has links)
The gold mining industry pollutes both water and air resources in numerous ways. Of these, air pollution from greenhouse gasses inducing climate change poses the highest threat to human existence, with water scarcity as a result of pollution presenting the third highest risk (Mathews, 2007; Akorede et al., 2012; Jones et al., 1988). Water pollution, indirect air pollution and direct air pollution should be mitigated for sustainable gold mining.
Environmental impact reduction is achieved by the implementation of effective Environmental Management Systems (EMSs). These systems aim to achieve ISO 14001-compliance by setting targets and implementing a systematic approach to achieving these targets. However, ISO 14001-compliant systems do not ensure environmental impact reduction and give the mine no competitive edge (Hilson & Nayee, 2002).
EMSs available are too generic for implementation on gold mines. Reporting on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) on gold mines should also be improved as it is unclear exactly what values should be reported on. This is due to a general lack of an environmental reporting standard (Jones, 2010).
Manpower and expertise to identify and implement projects is limited and the mines need assistance with the implementation of projects to effect resource pollution. Priority for the mines is an emphasis on production and safety rather than environmental impact reduction, so implementing projects to reduce pollution is often neglected. A novel sustainability framework is developed in this study. In this framework a database of electricity- and environmental impact reduction projects is created that can be implemented in the gold mining industry. Projects are automatically identified by monitoring key operational indicators.
By involving a third party in the form of an Energy Services Company (ESCO), project funding for these sustainability projects can be attained. This novel approach to environmental impact reduction creates a situation where ESCOs implement these EMSs at a reduced cost to the mines. This reduces the cost of lowering the mine’s environmental impact, while aiding the ESCO in identifying sustainability projects.
KPIs from various studies are consolidated to determine exactly what values should be reported on. These values are incorporated into a successful EMS. This allows the availability of all the necessary data for reporting to the Department of Energy (DoE) and the South African National Energy Development Institute (SANEDI) on electricity-savings.
Projects are prioritised based on an integrated electricity- and environmental impact reduction payback approach. This approach allows funding options to be assessed for each project individually, based on both electricity- and environmental impact reduction advantages. This allowed the best funding option for each individual project to be determined.
Automatic identification of these projects reduces the required manpower and resources to implement sustainability projects. Projects proposed by this study showed a combined energy efficiency reduction of 11.8 MW and achieved a load shift of 15.6 MW. In addition to electricity reduction, these projects also reduced the water usage by 1135 Ml per annum and the carbon dioxide equivalent production by 214 205 ton per annum.
The proposed projects were effective at increasing the sustainability of gold mining. It also streamlined the implementation of these projects on gold mines. By applying this framework, sustainability improvements can now be achieved on gold mines worldwide. / PhD (Mechanical Engineering), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
|
12 |
An integrated sustainability framework for environmental impact reduction in the gold mining industry/ Hendrik Gideon BrandBrand, Hendrik Gideon January 2014 (has links)
The gold mining industry pollutes both water and air resources in numerous ways. Of these, air pollution from greenhouse gasses inducing climate change poses the highest threat to human existence, with water scarcity as a result of pollution presenting the third highest risk (Mathews, 2007; Akorede et al., 2012; Jones et al., 1988). Water pollution, indirect air pollution and direct air pollution should be mitigated for sustainable gold mining.
Environmental impact reduction is achieved by the implementation of effective Environmental Management Systems (EMSs). These systems aim to achieve ISO 14001-compliance by setting targets and implementing a systematic approach to achieving these targets. However, ISO 14001-compliant systems do not ensure environmental impact reduction and give the mine no competitive edge (Hilson & Nayee, 2002).
EMSs available are too generic for implementation on gold mines. Reporting on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) on gold mines should also be improved as it is unclear exactly what values should be reported on. This is due to a general lack of an environmental reporting standard (Jones, 2010).
Manpower and expertise to identify and implement projects is limited and the mines need assistance with the implementation of projects to effect resource pollution. Priority for the mines is an emphasis on production and safety rather than environmental impact reduction, so implementing projects to reduce pollution is often neglected. A novel sustainability framework is developed in this study. In this framework a database of electricity- and environmental impact reduction projects is created that can be implemented in the gold mining industry. Projects are automatically identified by monitoring key operational indicators.
By involving a third party in the form of an Energy Services Company (ESCO), project funding for these sustainability projects can be attained. This novel approach to environmental impact reduction creates a situation where ESCOs implement these EMSs at a reduced cost to the mines. This reduces the cost of lowering the mine’s environmental impact, while aiding the ESCO in identifying sustainability projects.
KPIs from various studies are consolidated to determine exactly what values should be reported on. These values are incorporated into a successful EMS. This allows the availability of all the necessary data for reporting to the Department of Energy (DoE) and the South African National Energy Development Institute (SANEDI) on electricity-savings.
Projects are prioritised based on an integrated electricity- and environmental impact reduction payback approach. This approach allows funding options to be assessed for each project individually, based on both electricity- and environmental impact reduction advantages. This allowed the best funding option for each individual project to be determined.
Automatic identification of these projects reduces the required manpower and resources to implement sustainability projects. Projects proposed by this study showed a combined energy efficiency reduction of 11.8 MW and achieved a load shift of 15.6 MW. In addition to electricity reduction, these projects also reduced the water usage by 1135 Ml per annum and the carbon dioxide equivalent production by 214 205 ton per annum.
The proposed projects were effective at increasing the sustainability of gold mining. It also streamlined the implementation of these projects on gold mines. By applying this framework, sustainability improvements can now be achieved on gold mines worldwide. / PhD (Mechanical Engineering), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
|
13 |
Miljöledning för underhållsteknik : Vilken miljökompetens behöver underhållspersonal?Gustafsson, Roger January 2008 (has links)
The purpose with this article is to give examples how to remain and in a long run develop a higher interest in maintenance activities and knowledge. First reason is the changed age-distribution with more number of older employees among maintenance personnel staff and second reason is demand for education due the increasing demand in environmental responsibility. In spite of there is a lot of knowledge of maintenance in national organizations of interests it will not be used in a sufficient extent in many companies. This knowledge is an important base to use to re-built the missing or loosed skills in companies. The national organization UTEK is involved in European projects to validate knowledge of maintenance. Lost of or bad maintenance activities will always affect on the environment. Establish a network between companies is a good way to exchange information in their common business areas. If the existing maintenance department in companies have difficulties to manifest itself, an alternative organization as a personnel co-operative organization can be a solution. That will be lead to better productivity and higher engagement in the personnel. To evaluate the maintenance skills for personnel to a good basic level will in most case lead that they further will search for more information and cause demand for increased efforts of education from educational institutions.
|
14 |
An assessment of the effectiveness of management review as an ISO 14001:2004 continual improvement element : an Eskom distribution case study / Nokhuthala Deligence HlongwanaHlongwana, Nokhuthala Deligence January 2014 (has links)
Eskom Holdings SOC Limited (referred to as Eskom), a public state owned company, is
required to continually demonstrate environmental duty of care and report on its environmental
performance. In furthering its commitment to sustainable development and in line with
environmental compliance of its activities, Eskom is planning to have the Distribution Division
certified against the International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) 14001:2004
environmental management system (EMS) standard by 2014. In general, management review
may quickly turn into a dry review of the items on the agenda, done only to show an auditor the
review was held. As such, the aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of management
reviews as one of the key continual improvement elements of the ISO 14001:2004
environmental management system within Eskom Distribution: Western Region.
This research has been designed to take place in three stages. These stages are planning,
execution and publication, and preparing the dissertation for marking. The research
methodology included a literature study on various national and international articles and
journals on EMSs that relate to environmental performance. The databases of Eskom
Distribution: Western Region ‒ i.e. the management review presentation results for the 2008/09,
2009/10 and 2010/11 financial years, key significant environmental aspects for the Technical
Service Centres (TSCs) and Minor/Major Engineering Works (MEW), key performance
indicators (KPIs), Risk Audit System (RAS) results, and results of the external EMS audit
conducted from 23–25 April 2007 were used for this research. Questionnaires were sent to the
TSCs’ senior supervisors and Safety, Health, Environment and Quality (SHEQ) management.
An analysis of the questionnaires completed by the TSC senior supervisors showed that all the
participants have seen an improvement in environmental performance due to annual
management reviews, except TSC11, who have not seen management review results.
It can be concluded from the results of the SHEQ management questionnaires that an
improvement (continual improvement as per the ISO 14001 requirement) was observed. The
improvements were identified through improved processes, improved gap analysis, increased
environmental awareness, and addressing risks.
Most of the ISO 14001:2004 requirements for the management review for all financial years
covered in this study were met. In terms of the objectives, targets and KPIs, Eskom Distribution:
Western Region performed effectively and most of the outcomes were implemented according
to the recommendations. Further, based on the external audit conducted from 23 to 25 April 2007, it is clear that Eskom
Distribution: Western Region conformed to the minimum requirements of the ISO 14001:2004
EMS. Their management reviews also met all requirements of the ISO 14001:2004 relating to
management review. This was proven by minutes of previous meetings that covered all the
necessary issues that were audited. Thus, the existence of management reviews contributed
towards ensuring that the ISO system was scrutinised and improved where it worked, and that
aspects that did not work well were removed. / M. Environmental Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
|
15 |
Effectiveness of environmental management systems (EMS) as an environmental management tool for local government in South Africa : the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality experience / Ilse KotzeKotze, Ilse January 2007 (has links)
An Environmental Management System (EMS) can be defined as "... a formal set of procedures and policies that define how an organization will manage its potential impacts on the natural environment and on the health and welfare of the people who depend on if (Andrews et al, 1999:2). In an effort to sustainably manage its own activities, products, services and facilities, various municipalities around the world have, in the past few years, started to follow the private sector trend and implemented the International Standards Organization (ISO) 14001 EMS voluntarily (Von Malmborg, 2003:1). Despite recent growth of EMS literature, evidence in terms of the effectiveness of EMS is still sparse, and little data exists on the effectiveness and benefits of an EMS (Edwards et al, 1999:36) especially in relation to local government. It's also possible that the potential benefits an EMS holds for an organization remains only "talk" and "paper commitments" (Andrews et al, 1999:2). The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of ISO 14001 for local government with specific reference to the City of Tshwane (CoT). The research results suggest limited effectiveness of EMS. The main reasons for limited achievement of expected EMS benefits and thus its partial effectiveness were mainly identified as low commitment to environmental issues, insufficient resources, poor EMS implementation, low environmental awareness, ignorance and limiting internal procedures. This research concludes with recommendations to the CoT and municipalities in general to improve the overall effectiveness of its EMS. / Thesis (M. Environmental Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.
|
16 |
An investigation of what the changes in ISO 14001:2015 mean from an organisational perspectiveSvartson, Hanna January 2017 (has links)
The implementation of an environmental management system such as the standard ISO 14001 is a common way to manage environmental responsibilities in an organisation. In 2015 ISO 14001 was updated with some major changes like Annex SL, management engagement, strategic engagement, risk-based thinking, life cycle perspective, improved environmental management and interested parties. The purpose of ISO 14001 is to improve the environmental performance of the organisation, but also to increase the degree of employee involvement and with that sustainable development can be supported through the implementation of the standard. The involvement of employees in an organisation with an environmental management system was studied at the Swedish University of Agricultural Science (SLU). By law a Swedish university must have an environmental management system. SLU has implemented ISO 14001 as their environmental management system and was chosen for the research. The applied methods were a literature review and case study where interviews and a survey were used. The changes in ISO 14001:2015 were investigated as a part of the literature review. In this method, review studies were investigated to see if any of the changes were discussed before the standard was updated. There was no found research that discussed if drawbacks of version 14001:2004 were actually taken into account when the newest version of the standard was produced. This subject therefore makes the study important to perform. Environmental coordinators were interviewed to find out if the changes in 14001:2015 supported increased participation in the standard. A survey was conducted with environmental coordinators at SLU to investigate how the changes in ISO 14001:2015 were viewed and if the results differed if performed from those obtained from a similar comparison at companies. The reason to study the effects of the changes in the standard at a university and to compare the results with companies is important since it is not optional for the university to adopt an environmental management system as it is for another type of organisation. Most of the discussed shortcomings from ISO 14001:2004 did match what was changed in the version from 2015. However, the review studies that were investigated did not discuss the life cycle perspective which was considered to be a major and important change. Therefore, this lack of discussion is viewed as a weakness in the review studies. It was also concluded that, even though employees did become involved to a greater extent in the environmental management system at SLU, it could not be made sure if it was because of the implementations of the changes in ISO 14001:2015. It was most likely because of the major work SLU had done the last three years when certifying the whole organisation. Instead, the conclusion was that it is important to work inclusively with the environmental management system and it seems that the more it is discussed in an organisation, the more employees will become involved. Lastly, it was seen in the thesis that a university and the studied companies viewed the environmental work both similarly and differently. Both thought that only small benefits would be the result of the implementation of the changes in ISO 14001:2015. What differed between the two groups of organisations was that SLU thought that the changes would not give any major difficulties while the companies on the other hand thought that it would create substantial extra work.
|
17 |
O comprometimento como estratégia para a adoção de um sistema de gestão ambiental: O caso de uma instituição pública de pesquisa. / Commitment as a strategy for the adoption of an environmental management system: The case of a public research institutionSilva, Maria Cecilia Cavalcante da 23 February 2017 (has links)
Esta tese, utilizando-se do mapa cognitivo Strategic Options Development and Analysis - SODA, se propôs a atender o objetivo nela especificado, ou seja, avaliar a importância do comprometimento organizacional para a implementação de um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental SGA por parte dos quinze Gerentes de uma Instituição Pública Federal, localizada no estado de São Paulo. Os dados que compuserem o mapa cognitivo, foram obtidos por meio de entrevista face a face, no período de maio a novembro de 2015, e de reuniões grupais com os referidos Gerentes, no período de dezembro de 2015 a março de 2016. A utilização do método de estruturação de problemas - Problem Structuring Methods (PSMs) - mapa cognitivo - SODA possibilitou investigar, as possíveis incertezas, complexidades e conflitos, voltados para o elemento comprometimento, provenientes da adoção de uma gestão ambiental, por intermédio da implementação de um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental SGA. O resultado da análise do mapa cognitivo demonstrou a importância do comprometimento organizacional quando da intenção de se adotar um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental. Diferentemente do entendimento de Barbieri (2007), o presente estudo coloca a importância desse comportamento não somente por parte da alta direção, mas também por parte de toda a equipe a ser envolvida nas atividades concernentes a tal sistema. Permitiu também a construção de um modelo de mensuração do comprometimento em relação ao Sistema de Gestão Ambiental SGA. O comprometimento mensurado por meio de referido instrumento, está dividido em dois componentes: afetivo que tem o comprometimento como um apego, como um envolvimento, onde ocorre a identificação com a empresa, funcionários com forte comprometimento afetivo permanecem na empresa porque querem, e normativo o comprometimento como uma obrigação em permanecer na organização, funcionários identificados com esse comportamento permanecem na empresa porque sentem que tem essa obrigação. O modelo de mensuração do comprometimento neste estudo sugerido, a ser validado em estudos longitudinais, permitirá mapear elementos de forma que possam observar tendências. Referido instrumento não foi validado neste estudo, no entanto sugere-se que estudos futuros, por meio de estudos longitudinais procedam sua validação. / This thesis, using the Cognitive Map Strategic Options Development and Analysis (SODA), is proposed to meet the objective specified therein, i.e. to evaluate the importance of the organizational commitment to the implementation of an Environmental Management System (SGA), by the fifteen Managers of a Federal Public Institution, located in the state of São Paulo. The data composing the cognitive map were obtained through a face-to-face interview, from May to November 2015, and group meetings with the aforementioned managers from December 2015 to March 2016. The use of the Problem Structuring Methods (PSMs) SODA cognitive map made it feasible to investigate possible uncertainties, complexities and conflicts, related to the commitment element, from the adoption of the environmental management through the implementation of An Environmental Management System EMS. The results of the cognitive map analysis showed the importance of the organizational commitment, when an Environmental Management System is intended to be adopted. Differently from Barbieri\'s (2007) understanding, the present study places the importance of this behavior, not only by the top management, but also by the whole team to be involved in the activities related to such a system. It, also, allowed the construction of a commitment measurement model in relation to the Environmental Management System - EMS. The commitment measured by this instrument is divided into two components: affective, which has the commitment as an attachment and, even, involvement, where the identification with the company occurs: employees with strong affective commitment remain in the company because they want it and, also, as normative involvement. The commitment is felt as an obligation to remain in the organization: employees identified with this behavior remain in the company because they feel they should do it. The model of commitment measurement in this suggested survey, to be validated in longitudinal studies, will allow elements to be mapped so that trends may be observed. The mentioned instrument was not validated in this study, however, it is suggested that future research, through longitudinal studies, would do it.
|
18 |
O comprometimento como estratégia para a adoção de um sistema de gestão ambiental: O caso de uma instituição pública de pesquisa. / Commitment as a strategy for the adoption of an environmental management system: The case of a public research institutionMaria Cecilia Cavalcante da Silva 23 February 2017 (has links)
Esta tese, utilizando-se do mapa cognitivo Strategic Options Development and Analysis - SODA, se propôs a atender o objetivo nela especificado, ou seja, avaliar a importância do comprometimento organizacional para a implementação de um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental SGA por parte dos quinze Gerentes de uma Instituição Pública Federal, localizada no estado de São Paulo. Os dados que compuserem o mapa cognitivo, foram obtidos por meio de entrevista face a face, no período de maio a novembro de 2015, e de reuniões grupais com os referidos Gerentes, no período de dezembro de 2015 a março de 2016. A utilização do método de estruturação de problemas - Problem Structuring Methods (PSMs) - mapa cognitivo - SODA possibilitou investigar, as possíveis incertezas, complexidades e conflitos, voltados para o elemento comprometimento, provenientes da adoção de uma gestão ambiental, por intermédio da implementação de um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental SGA. O resultado da análise do mapa cognitivo demonstrou a importância do comprometimento organizacional quando da intenção de se adotar um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental. Diferentemente do entendimento de Barbieri (2007), o presente estudo coloca a importância desse comportamento não somente por parte da alta direção, mas também por parte de toda a equipe a ser envolvida nas atividades concernentes a tal sistema. Permitiu também a construção de um modelo de mensuração do comprometimento em relação ao Sistema de Gestão Ambiental SGA. O comprometimento mensurado por meio de referido instrumento, está dividido em dois componentes: afetivo que tem o comprometimento como um apego, como um envolvimento, onde ocorre a identificação com a empresa, funcionários com forte comprometimento afetivo permanecem na empresa porque querem, e normativo o comprometimento como uma obrigação em permanecer na organização, funcionários identificados com esse comportamento permanecem na empresa porque sentem que tem essa obrigação. O modelo de mensuração do comprometimento neste estudo sugerido, a ser validado em estudos longitudinais, permitirá mapear elementos de forma que possam observar tendências. Referido instrumento não foi validado neste estudo, no entanto sugere-se que estudos futuros, por meio de estudos longitudinais procedam sua validação. / This thesis, using the Cognitive Map Strategic Options Development and Analysis (SODA), is proposed to meet the objective specified therein, i.e. to evaluate the importance of the organizational commitment to the implementation of an Environmental Management System (SGA), by the fifteen Managers of a Federal Public Institution, located in the state of São Paulo. The data composing the cognitive map were obtained through a face-to-face interview, from May to November 2015, and group meetings with the aforementioned managers from December 2015 to March 2016. The use of the Problem Structuring Methods (PSMs) SODA cognitive map made it feasible to investigate possible uncertainties, complexities and conflicts, related to the commitment element, from the adoption of the environmental management through the implementation of An Environmental Management System EMS. The results of the cognitive map analysis showed the importance of the organizational commitment, when an Environmental Management System is intended to be adopted. Differently from Barbieri\'s (2007) understanding, the present study places the importance of this behavior, not only by the top management, but also by the whole team to be involved in the activities related to such a system. It, also, allowed the construction of a commitment measurement model in relation to the Environmental Management System - EMS. The commitment measured by this instrument is divided into two components: affective, which has the commitment as an attachment and, even, involvement, where the identification with the company occurs: employees with strong affective commitment remain in the company because they want it and, also, as normative involvement. The commitment is felt as an obligation to remain in the organization: employees identified with this behavior remain in the company because they feel they should do it. The model of commitment measurement in this suggested survey, to be validated in longitudinal studies, will allow elements to be mapped so that trends may be observed. The mentioned instrument was not validated in this study, however, it is suggested that future research, through longitudinal studies, would do it.
|
19 |
Gestão ambiental nas indústrias de higiene pessoal, perfumaria e cosméticos do Estado de São Paulo: uma nova perspectiva para a atuação ambientalmente responsável / Environmental management in industries toiletries, fragances and cosmetics of state of São Paulo: a new perspective for responsible environmental actionMerola, Vivian Fernanda Mendes 29 November 2011 (has links)
A atuação do setor produtivo no cenário ambiental e a crescente preocupação com o meio ambiente acarretam uma pressão, dos diferentes atores sociais, que recai sobre o setor produtivo em geral. Existem também as novas pressões comercial/ ambiental dos países chamados ecosensíveis. Neste cenário, as empresas veem-se cada vez mais obrigadas, pelos mecanismos legais ou pela pressão social, a adaptarem-se aos novos padrões de comportamento, adotando políticas e planejamento empresarial ambientalmente corretos. Em decorrência de todos os avanços da ciência e tecnologia na mitigação e prevenção dos passivos ambientais, as mudanças no setor produtivo não tardaram a acontecer. Obviamente, o processo de adequação às normas e legislação ambiental ainda não está presente em 100% das indústrias brasileiras. Ao contrário, verifica-se, sobretudo nas empresas de pequeno e médio portes, um distanciamento na introdução de medidas de adequação ambiental em seus processos produtivos. Atualmente, percebe-se uma tendência das grandes empresas em associar seus produtos a uma imagem institucional de respeito ao meio ambiente. Essa preocupação exige novas atitudes em razão das consequências que a atividade econômica tem sobre o meio natural. Na esteira de tal processo, a implantação dos sistemas de gestão ambiental se revela como uma ferramenta para minimizar os efeitos negativos da indústria. Este trabalho objetiva identificar os fatores que determinam as mudanças de paradigma das indústrias, em geral, e mais especificamente, no setor de perfumaria e cosméticos da indústria paulista. O setor de perfumaria e cosméticos foi escolhido por representar um ramo crescente da indústria química, que investe em tecnologias e busca firmar, através de algumas grandes corporações, uma imagem ambientalmente aceita no cenário nacional e internacional. Outro fator que justifica essa escolha é o seu crescimento econômico verificado nas duas últimas décadas, apresentando dados consideráveis na geração de empregos diretos e indiretos, na balança comercial brasileira, além de sua extensa cadeia de fornecedores. / The performance of the productive sector in environmental scenario and the growing concern for the environment cause a pressure of different social actors, which falls on the productive sector in general. There are also new pressures on trade/ environment of the countries called \"ecosensíveis\". In this scenario, companies have increasingly seen themselves obliged, either by legal mechanisms, or by social pressure, adapt to new patterns of behavior, policies and adopting environmentally friendly business planning. Because of all the advances in science and technology in the mitigation and prevention of environmental changes in the manufacturing sector did not take long to happen. Obviously, the process of regulatory compliance and environmental legislation is not yet present in 100% of Brazilian industries, on the contrary, there is, especially small and medium-sized gap in an introduction of environmental adequacy in their production processes. Currently, we can see a trend of large companies to link their products to the institutional image of respect for the environment. This concern requires new attitudes because of the impact that economic activity has on the natural environment. Following this process, the implementation of environmental management systems is revealed as a tool to minimize the negative effects of industry. Focusing on this issue, this paper aims to identify the factors that determine the paradigm shifts of the industries in general, but more specifically in the sector of perfumery and cosmetics industry in São Paulo.The Perfumes and Cosmetics sector was chosen because it represents a growing sector of the chemical industry, which invests in technology and seeks to establish some large corporations through a imaging environmentally accepted in national and international scene. Another factor that justifies this choice is its economic growth seen in the last two decades, with considerable data to generate direct and indirect jobs in the Brazilian trade balance, in addition to its extensive supply chain.
|
20 |
Diretrizes para implantação de um sistema de gestão ambiental no ciclo do combustível nuclear: estudo de caso da USEXA - CEA / Guidelines for implementation of an environmental management system in the nuclear fuel cycle: a case study of USEXA-CEAMattiolo, Sandra Regina 29 November 2012 (has links)
As normas de gestão ambiental têm por objetivo prover as organizações dos elementos necessários para implantação de Sistemas da Gestão Ambiental (SGA) que possam ser integrados a outros requisitos da gestão, e auxiliá-las a alcançar seus objetivos ambientais e econômicos. A Unidade de Produção de Hexafluoreto de Urânio USEXA, do Centro Tecnológico da Marinha em São Paulo - CTMSP, será a primeira planta industrial da etapa de conversão do ciclo do combustível nuclear (produção de hexafluoreto de urânio UF6) do Brasil, permitindo que seja agregado valor ao minério de urânio. Neste trabalho, o SGA proposto para a USEXA, permite disciplinar suas interfaces com o meio ambiente, uma vez que as Normas da CNEN Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear e da AIEA Agência Internacional de Energia Atômica para instalações nucleares, na sua grande maioria, visam a atender a critérios de segurança para o público e o meio ambiente, apenas nos quesitos envolvendo radiações ionizantes. O modelo de SGA desenvolvido preenche as lacunas das normas da CNEN e da AIEA, por considerar os impactos ambientais decorrentes do uso de substâncias químicas no processo de fabricação de UF6 e os aspectos gerais de sustentabilidade. Isso pode ser considerado uma contribuição original dentro das complexas atividades que abrangem o processamento de urânio no ciclo do combustível nuclear. Como resultado, esta pesquisa propõe, para avaliação de impactos ambientais, a adoção de um filtro de significância, relacionado à localização do empreendimento, apresenta um Manual do Sistema de Gestão para a USEXA e sugere modelos de treinamentos em gestão de pessoal, como o coaching e a programação neurolinguística, e que poderão ser aplicados em qualquer Sistema de Gestão. Os treinamentos podem ser considerados como uma ação preventiva, por contribuírem para diminuir os incidentes relacionados à manutenção de equipamentos e consequentemente a ocorrência de impactos ambientais. / The environmental management standards are intended to provide to the organizations the elements needed for the implementation of an Environmental Management System (EMS) that can be effectively integrated to another management requirements and assist them to achieve their environmental and economic goals. The Uranium Hexafluoride Production Unit - USEXA, located at the Navy Technological Center in São Paulo, will be the first Brazilian industrial plant responsible for the conversion stage in the nuclear fuel cycle (production of uranium hexafluoride UF6), allowing added-value to the uranium ore. The EMS proposed to USEXA in this project allows to regulate its interfaces with the environment, since the Standards of CNEN - National Commission of Nuclear Energy and of the IAEA - International Atomic Energy Agency for Nuclear Installations, aim, mostly, to attend the security criteria for the population and the environment, concerning ionizing radiation. This model of EMS fills the gaps in standards of IAEA and CNEN, since it takes into account the environmental impacts from the use of chemicals in the manufacturing process of UF6, and general aspects of sustainability. It can be considered an original contribution within the complex activities that includes the uranium processing in the nuclear fuel cycle. This research proposes, as result, the use of a filter of significance to evaluate the environmental impacts depending on the installation location. It is also presented the Management System Manual for USEXA and models for training in personnel management are suggested, such as coaching and neurolinguistic programing, which can be applied to any Management System. The trainings can be considered a preventive action as they considerably decreased incidents related to equipments maintenance and thus the occurrence of environmental impacts.
|
Page generated in 0.1748 seconds