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The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers
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Showing 351 to 360 of 3373 (0.018 seconds)Spelling suggestions: "subject:"enzymes"" "subject:"nzymes""
| 351 |
Observations on the level of pectic and cellulolytic enzymes in healthy Pisum sativum seedlings and those infected with Pythium ultimum. / Enzyme levels in peas infected with Pythium.Shaw, Carol Elaine January 1967 (has links)
No description available.
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| 352 |
Interesterification of butter fat by commercial microbial lipases in organic solvent mediaSafari, Mohammad January 1994 (has links)
The interesterification yield (IY) and changes in fatty acid positional distribution of selected butter fat triacylglycerols were investigated, using a wide range of commercial microbial lipases and organic solvent media. The interesterification of butter fat by lipase from Mucor miehei was carried out in hexane, hexane-chloroform, and hexane-ethyl acetate; the results showed that the addition of 30% of either chloroform or ethyl acetate to the hexane resulted in a 23% increase in the IY. The interesterification of butter fat in a microemulsion co-surfactant system, containing Brij 35 as surfactant and 1-heptanol as co-surfactant, resulted in an increase in the triacylglycerols that contain C18:0 at sn-2 position, located originally at sn-1,3 positions, with a concomitant interchange with C14:0 and C18:1 at the same position. The interesterification of butter fat by lipase from Rhizopus niveus, in a phosphatidylcholine reverse micellar system, showed an increase in C16:0 at the sn-2 position, with a concomitant decrease in the proportion of small chain fatty acids (C4-C10:0); however, the interesterification of butter fat in co-surfactant free microemulsion systems, containing hexane and ionic (phosphatidylcholine) and non-ionic (sorbitol monostearate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate) surfactants, showed that the interesterified selected triacylglycerols were enriched with C18:0 and C18:1, originally located on sn-1,3 position, at sn-2 position with concomitant interchange with C12:0, C14:0 and C16:0, originally located at the same position. The interesterification of butter fats, in co-surfactant free microemulsion system, by four microbial lipases showed that those catalyzed by lipase from R. niveus demonstrated a 46% increase in the proportion of C18:1 at sn-2 position whereas those catalyzed by enzymes from M. javanicus, R. delemar and M. miehei were enriched with C16:0 at the same position, by 21%, 35% and 41%, respectively. In addition, lipase from
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| 353 |
Isolation and characterisation of esterases from thermophilic ActinomycesOldale, Megan January 2010 (has links)
<p>Alternative sources of fuel are required worldwide, and bio-ethanol is the leading candidate. Lignocellulosic biomass, a waste component of the agricultural industry, is a promising renewable source. Due to its complex structure it is highly recalcitrant, requiring the synergistic action of a battery of enzymes to achieve complete digestion. These enzymes include cellulases, hemicellulase and the accessory enzymes acetyl xylan esterase (AXE) and ferulic acid esterase (FAE). Thermpohilic Actinomyces isolates with the ability to hydrolyze xylan were screened for esterase activity. Two isolates (ORS10 and GSIV1), identified as Streptomyces spp, were positive for AXE activity. A cosmid library representative of isolate ORS10 was composed and screened for AXE activity using -naphthyl acetate as substrate. An 18 kb cosmid clone, 18D7, tested positive for AXE activity. Intracellular fractions extracted from ORS10 were precipitated with ammonium sulphate and partially purified 161-fold. Specific activity was measured after dialysis and ion-exchange chromatography. Overall yield of the partially purified enzyme was 34 %. Two protein bands of molecular masses 40 kDa and 60 kDa have been subjected to trypsin digestion and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis. The partially purified AXE displayed optimum activity at pH 9 and at 50° / C. AXE activity was stable for at least 1.5 hours between 30° / C and 40° / C, and for 24 hours between pH 6-9. The kM and Vmax values were 16.93 mg/ml and 1645 units/mg enzyme, respectively. The stability of the partially purified AXE at 30° / C-40° / C suggests potential for industrial applications that utilise mesophilic fermentations.</p>
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| 354 |
Gene expression of xenobiotic metabolising enzymes in rat liver and kidney: differential effects of rooibos and honeybush herbal teasAbrahams, Sameega January 2011 (has links)
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<p style="margin-bottom:0cm / margin-bottom:.0001pt / line-height:
normal / mso-layout-grid-align:none / text-autospace:none" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">Laboratory studies, epidemiological investigations and human clinical trials indicate</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">that flavonoids have important effects on cancer chemoprevention and therapy.</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">Flavonoids may interfere in several steps that lead to cancer development but may</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">also lead to toxicity as the inhibition of carcinogen-activating enzymes may also cause</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">potential toxic flavonoid-drug interactions. However, the potential toxicity of these</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">dietary components has not been well studied. The use of polyphenol-enriched</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">supplements prepared from South African herbal teas, rooibos (</span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica-Oblique">Aspalathus linearis</span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">)</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">and honeybush (</span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica-Oblique">Cyclopia </span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica">spp.) are being marketed to alleviate symptoms that are</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">known to be &ldquo / cured&rdquo / by the herbal teas. However, there is a lack of information</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">regarding the possible health promoting effects of these polyphenol-enriched extracts</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">on xenobiotic metabolism. In the present study, the modulating effects of aspalathinenriched</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">rooibos and mangiferin-enriched C. </span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:
Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica-Oblique">genistoides </span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica">and </span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica-Oblique">C. subternata </span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica">extracts on</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">the gene expression of xenobiotic metabolising enzymes (XMEs) were investigated </span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica-Oblique">in</span></i> <i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica-Oblique">vivo </span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:
" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">in the rat liver and kidneys. An </span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica-Oblique">in vitro </span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica">study, utilising a primary rat hepatocyte cell</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">model, was included to further evaluate changes in the expression of selected XMEs</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">by the herbal tea extracts, including their major polyphenolic constituents, aspalathin</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">and mangiferin. The use of the </span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:
Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica-Oblique">in vitro </span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica">primary hepatocytes assay as a predictive cell</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">model for the modulation of the expression of XMEs genes by the herbal tea extracts</span> <i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica-Oblique">in vivo </span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:
" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">was critically evaluated.</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">In the liver and kidneys, the </span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:
Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica-Oblique">C. subternata </span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica">polyphenol-enriched herbal tea extract</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">effected the majority of changes regarding the expression of XMEs genes when</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">compared to the rooibos and </span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica-Oblique">C. genistoides</span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica">. Variations in the modulation of gene</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">expression of the XMEs by the herbal tea extracts were related to differences in their</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">polyphenol constituents, although non-polyphenolic constituent could also be involved.</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">Overall the herbal teas regulated alcohol, energy, drug and steroid metabolism in the</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">liver, whereas in the kidneys the gene expression of phase I, phase II, steroid</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">metabolising enzymes, as well as drug transporters were modulated. It would appear</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">that the herbal teas are likely to exhibit both beneficial and adverse effects </span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica-Oblique">in vivo</span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:
" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">, depending on the specific organ, the xenobiotic and/or drug that are involved. The</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">primary rat hepatocytes model display varying effects with respect to modulating gene</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">expression of specific XMEs by the polyphenol-enriched herbal tea extracts. Apart</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">from the reduction in 17<span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:TT61t00 / mso-bidi-font-family:TT61t00">&beta / </span>-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene expression care should</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">be taken to directly extrapolate the </span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica-Oblique">in vitro </span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica">findings to changes that prevail </span><i><span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica-Oblique">in vivo</span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">.</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">However, interesting results regarding the masking effect of complex mixture on the</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">modulation of XME gene expression of individual polyphenols were encountered. In</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">addition differences in the dose and duration of exposure between the </span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica-Oblique">in vitro </span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">and </span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica-Oblique">in</span></i> <i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica-Oblique">vivo </span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:
" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">studies were not comparable and should be further explored to validate the </span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica-Oblique">in vitro</span></i> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">primary hepatocytes model to predict changes </span><i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:Helvetica-Oblique / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica-Oblique">in vivo</span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:
Helvetica">. Future studies should</span> <span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica">investigate the effects of the herbal tea extracts, its polyphenols and etabolites on</span><span style="font-size:
11.5pt / font-family:" / Helvetica" / ," / sans-serif" / mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica"> ME induction at a protein level as well as varying herb-drug-enzyme interactions.</span></p>
<p>  / </p>
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| 355 |
L-DOPA production in a liquid membrane enzyme reactor: process development and modelingSimmons, Donald Karl 05 1900 (has links)
No description available.
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| 356 |
Influence of flow environment on the production and secretion of metalloproteinases and urokinase-type plasminogen activator by cultured bovine aortic endothelial cellsLacroix-Desmazes, Sebastien 12 1900 (has links)
No description available.
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| 357 |
Production, purification, characterization of selected microbial lipases and their application for interesterification of butter fatPabai, Franknel Sandi Kouvea. January 1997 (has links)
The screening, biomass production of lipase-producing microorganisms from several sources, as well as the purification, characterization and utilization of the enzymatic extracts for the interesterification of butter fat were investigated. Pseudomonas fragi CRDA 323 and Aspergillus niger CBS 131.52 were considered to be good lipase producers, whereas, those from Pseudomonas putida ATCC 795 and Rhizopus oryzae ATCC 34612 as weak ones; all four microorganisms produced maximal amount of extracellular lipases by batch fermentation after three-four days of incubation in a continuously stirred tank reactor. The lipases were partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and characterized with respect to pH, kinetic parameters and molecular size. The lipases from P. fragi and P. putida were optimal at pH 8.5 and 8.0, respectively, whereas those from A. niger and R. oryzae were optimal at pH 7.5. The A. niger lipase had the lowest V$ sb{max}$ value $ rm(0.51 times 10 sp3 U min sp{-1});$ R. oryzae the highest $ rm (1.86 times 10 sp3 U min sp{-1}).$ The K$ sb{m}$ values for P. fragi, P. putida, A. niger and R. oryzae lipases were 0.70, 1.18, 0.97 and 0.98 mg ml$ sp{-1},$ respectively. Interesterification of butter fat by the partially purified enzymatic extracts in a microemulsion free co-surfactant system containing sorbitol monostearate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate in the ratio 48:52 (V/V) decreased the water activity as well as the hydrolytic activity. The P. fragi lipase had the highest interesterification yield value (43%) and the R. oryzae lipase the lowest (4%). In addition, P. fragi lipase exhibited the highest decrease (18%) in long-chain hypercholesterolemic fatty acids (C12:0, C14:0 and C16:0) at the sn-2-position; the P. putida lipase demonstrated the least favorable changes in specificity at the same position. Continuous cultivation technique was developed to investigate the screening for lipase-producing microorganisms from four commercial
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| 358 |
Synthesis of some potential IKK inhibitors based around a pyrimidine scaffoldSimkovsky, Nadja Melitta January 2001 (has links)
No description available.
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| 359 |
Biochemical, physiological and histochemical aspects of acid phosphatase secretion by Botrytis cinerea Pers.: FrWeber, Roland Wolfram Sixtus January 1996 (has links)
No description available.
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| 360 |
New routes to imino sugarsDransfield, Paul John January 2002 (has links)
No description available.
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