Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:55:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AdersonJSR_DISSERT.pdf: 1340267 bytes, checksum: 7e5d7b1cac94782e60f91d869bb998c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-19 / This work presents a diagnosis faults system (rotor, stator, and contamination) of three-phase induction motor through equivalent circuit parameters and using techniques patterns recognition. The technology fault diagnostics in engines are evolving and becoming increasingly important in the field of electrical machinery. The neural networks have the ability to classify non-linear relationships between signals through the patterns identification of signals related. It is carried out induction motor?s simulations through the program Matlab R & Simulink R , and produced some faults from modifications in the equivalent circuit parameters. A system is implemented with multiples classifying neural network two neural networks to receive these results and, after well-trained, to accomplish the identification of fault?s pattern / Este trabalho apresenta um sistema de diagn?stico de falhas (rotor, estator e contamina??o) do motor de indu??o trif?sico atrav?s dos par?metros do circuito equivalente e utilizando t?cnicas de reconhecimento de padr?es. A tecnologia de detec??o de falhas em motores est? evoluindo e tornando cada vez mais importante na ?rea de m?quinas el?tricas. As redes neurais possuem a habilidade de classificar rela??es n?o lineares entre sinais atrav?s da identifica??o de padr?es dos sinais relacionados. S?o realizados simula??es do motor de indu??o atrav?s do programa Matlab R & Simulink R e produzido alguns tipos de falhas no conjunto a partir de modifica??es nos par?metros do circuito equivalente. ? implementado um sistema com m?ltiplos classificadores neurais para receber estes resultados e, ap?s o treinamento, realizar a identifica??o dos padr?es de falhas

Researches conducted by energy distribution companies on several industry segments showed that about 30%of inductionmotors are operating undersized, i.e. with less than 70%of the rated load. Under these conditions induction motors have low efficiency. Due to the characteristics of industrial processes, traditional methods of efficiency and operation analysis can not be used. In order to meet the requirements of these applications, several methods have been proposed. Most of these methods require only the measurement of voltages, currents and in some cases rotor speed. Often these methods estimate, using different techniques, the shaft torque and calculate the output power and efficiency. The purpose of this study is to develop and implement a real-time method to monitor operating conditions and efficiency of induction motors operating at steady state. The proposed method, by means of measured three-phase voltages and currents and the equivalent circuit of the machine, estimates the shaft torque and speed. Then, based on these estimations, calculates the power output and efficiency. The machine equivalent circuit is estimated by an iterative algorithm that uses only the machine nameplate data and the stator resistance. According to present tendencies a wireless system was developed were a central computer can monitor in real time the efficiency and the operational conditions of one or more motors in a industrial plant. This document presents the theoretical development of the proposed method and the results of computer simulations under different situations. Finally it presents an experimental implementation of the method where its performance is evaluated for different motors. / Estudos realizados por companhias de distribuição de energia elétrica em diversos segmentos do setor industrial demonstraram que aproximadamente 30% dos motores de indução trifásicos analisados estavam operando subdimensionados, ou seja, com uma carga inferior a 70% da carga nominal. Nestas condições motores de indução apresentam baixo rendimento. Devido `as características dos processos industriais os métodos tradicionais de análise de eficiência e operação não podem ser utilizados. Para atender aos requisitos destas aplicações foram propostos diversos métodos que necessitam apenas das tensões, correntes e em alguns casos da velocidade do rotor. De maneira geral estes métodos estimam, utilizando diferentes técnicas, o conjugado no eixo da máquina e calculam a potência de saída e a eficiência. A proposta deste trabalho é desenvolver e implementar um método de monitoramento em tempo real das condições operacionais e da eficiência de motores de indução trifásicos operando em regime permanente. O método proposto estima, utilizando valores medidos das tensões e correntes trifásicas e o circuito equivalente da maquina, o conjugado e a velocidade do eixo e, com base nestas estimativas, calcula-se a potência de saída e a eficiência. O circuito equivalente da máquina é estimado através de um algoritmo iterativo que utiliza apenas os dados de placa da máquina e a resistência do estator. Acompanhando tendências atuais, desenvolveu-se também um sistema com comunicação sem fio (wireless) onde, a partir de um computador central pode-se monitorar em tempo real as condições operacionais e a eficiência de um ou mais motores de uma planta industrial. O presente trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento teórico do método proposto bem como o resultado de simulações computacionais sob diferentes situações. Por fim este trabalho apresenta uma implementação experimental do método onde seu desempenho é analisado em diversos motores. / Mestre em Ciências

Orientadores: Evandro Conforti, Cristiano de Melo Galle / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T14:44:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Guimaraes_Murilo_M.pdf: 2868472 bytes, checksum: 35d629f44273794bf3425431f0abbade (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: O advento das comunicações por fibras ópticas esteve intrinsecamente ligado aos lasers a diodo semicondutor. Posteriormente, principalmente na área de redes metropolitanas, iniciaram-se as aplicações envolvendo o amplificador óptico a semicondutor (SOA, em inglês). O SOA é muito similar ao laser a diodo semicondutor, pois também amplifica a luz incidente através da emissão estimulada, a qual advém da emissão pelos portadores elétricos da região ativa. Estes são bombeados na região ativa através da corrente elétrica injetada na porta elétrica do SOA. A similaridade não é completa devido ao fato do amplificador não possuir realimentação de luz através de uma cavidade óptica ressonante, uma vez que sua região ativa é terminada por faces anti-refletivas. Dessa forma, a luz é amplificada apenas em uma passagem pela região ativa do SOA, sendo também denominado neste caso, SOA-TW, ou de onda caminhante. Desta forma, fazendo-se uma analogia com circuitos, a diferença SOAlaser é semelhante à diferença amplificador-oscilador eletrônico. Devido a esta semelhança, o estudo desenvolvido no presente trabalho, sobre o comportamento da impedância do amplificador óptico a semicondutor, foi baseado em um modelo equivalente de circuito de microondas desenvolvido para o laser a diodo semicondutor. O comportamento da impedância do SOA, composto por seu encapsulamento e chip, é de extrema importância para o controle e aprimoramento de chaveamento eletro-óptico do SOA em redes de última geração. Visando ao aprofundamento deste estudo, análises teóricas a respeito do laser a diodo semicondutor e do amplificador óptico a semicondutor são apresentados. Em seguida, são apresentados os resultados experimentais, com a extração do circuito equivalente do SOA e sua montagem eletro-óptica, com a comparação entre as respostas experimentais e teóricas. Nas considerações finais discutem-se as sugestões para trabalhos futuros sobre o comportamento da impedância eletro-óptica do SOA / Abstract: The advent of communications using optical fiber was always connected, intrinsically, with the semiconductor diode laser. Later, in metropolitan optical networks, the semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) was introduced to amplify up to eight channels in a WDM (wavelength division multiplex) system. The semiconductor optical amplifier and the semiconductor laser diode are similar since both of them amplify the input light through stimulated emission, which result from electric carriers that are pumped in the active layer through the injection current in the electrical gate in these devices. The similarity is not complete since the SOA has anti-reflection coatings at the end emission faces. Therefore, the light is amplified by the active layer only in one pass; in this case the SOA is called TW SOA (traveling wave SOA). Due to the similarity between the devices, the present study of the SOA impedance behavior was based in an equivalent model from researches about microwave circuits used in the literature to analyze semiconductor diode lasers. The SOA impedance behavior is given by the chip itself and its package; it is important to control and to improve the electrical-optical switch using the SOA for next generation networks. Looking for a deep knowledge about this research, theoretical analyses of the semiconductor diode lasers and SOA was presented in this research. After it, the experimental results are showed with the extraction of the SOA equivalent circuit and the electrical-optical assembly, and the comparison between the experimental and theoretical results was done. At the end of this work, some suggestions for future works are proposed regarding the behavior of the SOA electrical-optical impedance / Mestrado / Telecomunicações e Telemática / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

Le marché des capteurs de gaz n’a pas cessé d’évoluer depuis ces dernières décennies en passant d’une technologie basée principalement sur des oxydes métalliques vers des nouveaux matériaux nanostructurés. En effet, les applications actuelles demandent des capteurs robustes, à faible consommation d'énergie, faible coût, conformables, sensibles et sélectives. Dans ce contexte, la recherche des matériaux sensibles à base de nanostructures de carbone, ainsi que des nouvelles technologies de fabrication (permettant la miniaturisation et la conformabilité des dispositifs) est nécessaire. Une de solutions actuellement à l’étude concerne l’utilisation de matériaux innovants tels que les nanotubes de carbone (CNTs). Dans ce manuscrit, les CNTs sont présentés ainsi que leurs très bonnes propriétés électriques et mécaniques. Leurs dimensions nous donnent une surface spécifique considérable et donc, la possibilité d’une grande sensibilité. Leur aptitude à être fonctionnalisés avec différents radicaux fait qu’ils puissent être sélectifs à une espèce donnée. Parmi les technologies émergentes apparues récemment, l’impression par jet d’encre est une technologie de déposition des couches minces très utilisée actuellement, car elle reste versatile grâce à sa facilité d’utilisation. La résolution et les possibilités d’impression sur différents types de substrat qu’on dispose, restent des atouts très importants. Un aspect très important qui a été peu étudié est la modélisation des couches minces des éléments sensibles. Concernant les couches imprimées des solutions contenant des nanotubes de carbone, très peu de travaux ont été répertoriés actuellement, et les modèles existants sont assez complexes. Dans nos travaux, nous nous concentrons sur la modélisation des couches minces sous la forme de motifs imprimés par jet d’encre. Des couches de solutions contenant des nanotubes de carbone sont déposées dans des structures RF, dans le but de pouvoir les appliquer dans la détection des gaz. / The gas sensor domain has continued to evolve over the past few decades by moving primarily from a technology based on metal oxides to new nanostructured materials. Indeed, for modern applications in today's world robust sensors with low power consumption, low cost, conformable, sensitive and selective is desirable. In this context, mark-sensitive materials based on carbon nanostructures, as well as new manufacturing technologies (allowing miniaturization and conformability devices) is required. One solution which is currently under consideration is the use of innovative materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) which exhibit very good electrical and mechanical properties. Their dimensions give us a considerable surface area and hence the possibility of high sensitivity. Their ability to be functionalized with different groups makes them very selective to react with a particular target gas. Amongst the emerging technologies, inkjet printing deposition of a very thin film is currently in use as it remains versatile because of its ease of use. The resolution and printing possibilities on different types of substrate have remains very important assets. A very important aspect that has been considered very less is the modeling of thin film sensing elements. Regarding printed layers solutions containing carbon nanotubes, very few works have been currently listed, and the existing models are quite complex. In this work, modeling of thin layers in the form of patterns printed by inkjet has been studied and experimental verifications and their analyses have been carried out successfully. Specific emphasis has been laid on the layers of solutions containing carbon nanotubes deposited in RF structures for application in the detection of gases.

Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering

No description available.

La traction hybride et/ou électrique est un domaine d’application en pleine croissance présentant une forte restriction en termes d’encombrement. Cela a poussé les concepteurs à créer des structures de machine adaptées. Parmi ces topologies, nous trouvons les machines synchrones à double excitation (MSDE). Ces machines permettent de combiner les avantages d’une machine à aimants et ceux d’une machine à excitation bobinée. Le choix d’un modèle pour ces machines est un élément important dans les étapes d’analyse, d’optimisation et de pré-dimensionnement. Ce mémoire présente une contribution à la modélisation des machines synchrones à simple et à double excitation basée sur la méthode des réseaux de perméances. Trois parties sont ainsi proposées. La première partie de la thèse présente deux états de l’art- un sur les machines synchrones à double excitation et l’autre sur les méthodes de modélisation des machines électriques et principalement la modélisation par réseau de perméances. Dans la deuxième partie, nous abordons la modélisation 2D de la machine synchrone à aimants permanents à concentration de flux avec prise en compte de la rotation et de la saturation. Le but de cette partie est de trouver des méthodes permettant de combiner à la fois temps de calcul et précision. On commence par la modélisation par réseau de perméances en se basant sur un maillage de l’espace d'étude par des réluctances bidirectionnelles, ainsi qu’une comparaison entre calcul du couple par le tenseur de Maxwell et flux-FMM. La deuxième section présente un couplage entre réseaux de perméances et éléments finis. La méthode proposée consiste à résoudre les deux modèles (réluctant et éléments finis) simultanément avec un logiciel EF. Le couplage s’effectue par une équivalence entre les dimensions géométriques et les caractéristiques magnétiques des matériaux. La présentation des différents modèles dans le plan précision-temps de calcul montre l’efficacité de l’utilisation des réseaux de perméances et du couplage comparé au modèle éléments finis. La troisième partie porte sur la modélisation tridimensionnelle des machines synchrones à double excitation. Dans un premier temps, nous présentons une adaptation de la modélisation par réseau de perméances aux structures tridimensionnelles. Puis, nous appliquons ce modèle aux machines synchrones à double excitation. La machine à double excitation à concentration de flux est présentée avec une étude de l’influence du feuilletage sur la capacité de contrôle du flux. Pour améliorer le contrôle du flux d'excitation, une machine à aimants enterrés homopolaire est également étudiée avec l'approche développée. La validation du modèle est réalisée par des éléments finis et des mesures expérimentales. Dans la dernière partie, une comparaison entre configurations homopolaire et bipolaire de la structure à aimants enterrés est effectuée, puis le rotor à concentration de flux est optimisé afin de le comparer à la machine à aimants enterrés. / The electric and / or hybrid driveis are an application area growing with a strong restriction in terms of congestion. This prompted the designers to create appropriate structures. Among these topologies, we find the double-excitation synchronous machine (MSDE). These machines can combine the advantages of permanent magnets machine and those of a coils excited machine.The choice of a model for these machines is an important step in the analysis, optimization and pre-sizing. This thesis presents a contribution to the modeling by magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) of single and double excitation synchronous machines. Three parties are offered as well. The first part of the thesis presents two states of the art: one on the double-excitation synchronous machines and the other on the modeling of electrical machines, mainly in the modeling by magnetic equivalent circuit. In the second part, we discuss the 2D modeling of flux concentration permanent magnet synchronous machine taking into account the rotation and saturation. The purpose of this section is to find ways to combine both computational time and accuracy. We start by using the magnetic equivalent circuit modeling based on a mesh of the structure and each mesh is replaced by two-way reluctances, then a torque estimation are obtened by two methods flux-FMM and Maxwell stress Tensor. The second section presents a coupling between magnetic equivalent circuit and finite element method. The proposed method is to solve the two models (reluctant and finite elements) simultaneously with software EF. The coupling is performed by an equivalence between the geometric dimensions and magnetic properties of materials. The presentation of different models in terms of time-accurate calculation shows the effectiveness of the use of MEC and coupling method compared to FEM. The third part concerns the three-dimensional modeling of double excitation synchronous machines. At first, we present an adaptation of the MEC to the three-dimensional structures. Then we apply this model to the double excitation synchronous machines (DESM). The DESM with flux concentration configuration is presented. To better control the wund flux of excitation, a buried magnet homopolar machine is also studied with the same approach. Model validation is performed by finite element and experimental measurements. In the last part, a comparison between homopolar and bipolar configurations is made, then the rotor flux concentration is optimized in order to compare it to the machine magnets buried.

This master’s thesis first deals with the theory concerning induction motor. It briefly desbribes the construction of three-phase induction motors, the generation of tractive force, power flow with loss distribution and also torque characteristic. In the next part an analytical calculation of the parameters of equivalent circuit for an existing induction motor with known dimensions is performed. After the calculation it is possible to find out the rated parameters of the motor, which makes it possible to further compare results with the values obtained by other methods. The next step was to create a model of the motor in RMxprt program, which is later also translated to ANSYS Maxwell 2D model. Simulations were carried out in both interfaces. As the next step the results obtained by the three methods are compared with measured values and also evaluated. The final part of the thesis focuses on the optimization of the magnetic circuit for higher frequencies. Efficiency of the modified induction motor is examined for higher frequencies using RMxprt Optimetrics and this procedure is performed for both default and alternative electrical steel materials.

No description available.

<p>Due to increasing regulation on emissions and shifting consumer preferences, the wide adoption of battery electric vehicles (BEV) hinges on research and development of technologies that can extend system range. This can be accomplished either by increasing the battery size or via more efficient operation of the electrical and thermal systems. This thesis endeavours to accomplish the latter through comparative investigation of BEV integrated thermal management system (ITMS) performance across a range of ambient conditions (-20 °C to 40 °C), cabin setpoints (18 °C to 24 °C), and six different ITMS architectures. A dynamic ITMS modelling framework for a long-range electric vehicle is established with comprehensive sub models for the operation of the drive train, power electronics, battery, vapor compression cycle components, and cabin conditioning. This modelling framework is used to construct a baseline thermal management system, as well as for adaptation to four common systems. Additionally, a novel low-temperature waste heat recovery (LT WHR) system is proposed and shown to have potential benefits at low ambient temperatures through the reduction of the necessary cabin ventilation loading. While this system shows performance improvements, the regular WHR system offers the greatest benefit for long-range BEV drive cycles in terms of system range and transient response. With an optimal thermal management system found for long range BEV’s this system is then used as a boundary condition for a study on cooling of the battery. Battery conditioning, health, and as a result their along cell and system lifetime remains an additional concern of consumers as well as thermal systems engineers seeking to ensure safety and ensure longevity of EV battery cells. Three typical coolant flow orientations are studied to compare them under different flow conditions and thermal interface material performance. The battery cooling model is then coupled to the previously established dynamic modelling environment to demonstrate the added modelling capability (and necessity) for incorporating module-level cooling performance in both battery cooling studies and transient ITMS environments. </p>