Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2016-08-11T11:45:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Pedro Hudson Rodrigues Teixeira.pdf: 898006 bytes, checksum: 9528c299e6f6e8c0ba6e2555285f6e68 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-11T11:45:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pedro Hudson Rodrigues Teixeira.pdf: 898006 bytes, checksum: 9528c299e6f6e8c0ba6e2555285f6e68 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-26 / This study was conducted in a community located within Araripe National Forest (Floresta Nacional do Araripe – FLONA) was to verify and claim the attractive features of the birds that call the attention of local experts, the types of birds captured and types of use. Interviews were conducted with 19 informants experts who held knowledge about birds, between the months of September 2012 to May 2013, identified by the “snowball” technique. The interviews were semi-structured and recorded, and included identifying the birds by photos (Checklist). The appealing characteristics that most attract the informants are the birds’ singing, followed by the beauty of their plumage; their potential for being hunted was another characteristic that appealed to the informants. The participants cited 98 species of birds from 32 families, which constituted 50.7% of the species in that region. The birds are used in three ways: consumption, breeding and for medicinal purposes. Consumption is the activity most frequently mentioned by the informants, and which includes the greatest number of species, ten of which stand out with greater UV – those which possess the characteristic of a high potential for being hunted. In terms of breeding, three stand out with greater UV – those which possess a singing characteristic. Three species of birds were mentioned as being used for medicinal purposes: Cyanocorax cyanopogon, which is used whole for speech problems; the feathers of Crypturellus noctivagus, for snakebites; and Crotophaga ani, used whole for treating “heavy cough”. Thus, knowledge of the medicinal use of birds in the semi-arid region of Brazil provide a relevant contribution to the phenomenon of zootherapy, by providing opportunities for discussions on conservation biology and sustainable use of natural resources, and by defining the best strategies to be adopted by environmental agencies to ensure the survival both of the species of birds used and of the communities that depend on them. / Essa pesquisa foi realizada em uma comunidade localizada no entorno da Floresta Nacional do Araripe (FLONA) e teve como pretensão verificar as características atrativas das aves que chamam a atenção dos especialistas locais, os tipos de aves capturadas e os tipos de uso. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 19 informantes especialistas que detinham conhecimento sobre as aves, entre os meses de setembro de 2012 a maio de 2013, identificadas por meio da técnica “bola de neve”, sendo realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas e gravadas, além da identificação das aves através de pranchas com fotos (Chechlist). As características atrativas das aves que mais chamam a atenção dos informantes são o canto e a beleza das penas, em seguida o potencial cinegético. Foram citadas pelos informantes 98 espécies de aves de 32 famílias constituindo 50,7% das espécies da região. O uso das aves é feito de duas formas: consumo (alimentação e fins medicinais) e criação. O consumo é a atividade mais citada pelos informantes e que reúne o maior número de espécies, entre elas dez se destacam com maior VU, sendo aquelas que têm por característica o potencial de caça elevado, já na criação se destacam três com maior VU, as quais possuem características canoras. Foram mencionadas três espécies de aves para fins medicinais: Cyanocorax cyanopogon, usado inteiro para problemas relacionados à fala, as penas de Crypturellus noctivagus para acidentes ofídicos e Crotophaga ani sendo utilizado o corpo inteiro da ave para tratamento da “tosse braba”. Assim, o conhecimento da utilização medicinal das aves no semiárido do Brasil fornece uma contribuição relevante ao fenômeno da zooterapia, abrindo espaço para debates sobre biologia da conservação e manejo sustentável dos recursos naturais, definindo quais as melhores estratégias poderão ser adotadas pelos órgãos ambientais, de modo a garantir tanto a sobrevivência das espécies utilizadas quanto das comunidades que delas dependem.

Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2016-08-11T12:50:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Thiago do Nascimento Thel.pdf: 1123423 bytes, checksum: 678593c0be2e452b3f0289e198e15b74 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-11T12:50:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thiago do Nascimento Thel.pdf: 1123423 bytes, checksum: 678593c0be2e452b3f0289e198e15b74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-29 / This study was conducted at Araripe National Forest (FLONA) and communities that live around this Conservation Unit. Aimed to estimate the parameters of population density, abundance and population size of Penelope superciliaris in areas of the National Forest, and describe the main food items that make up the diet of this species, morphologically describing the fruits that are part of their diet and to investigate how it gives the relations of hunting and gathering eggs for Penelope superciliaris and Penelope jacucaca by human communities that inhabit that region, clarifying what techniques, tools, and places the period used in these practices. The study was conducted between november 2011 and may 2013. We used line transect methods to estimate population parameters, and visual records and collection of stool samples to study the feeding ecology. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with informants through a questionnaire and a board with pictures of the species. Was recorded a density of 19.17 individuals/km2 with a CV = 13.98% and an abundance 0.13 encontros/10 km. It was also recorded the use of 14 species of plants, 12 were detected by visual records and by two stool samples. The diameter of the fruits consumed ranged from 6.3 ± 1.35 mm (Miconia albicans) to 29.9 ± 1.7 mm (Psidium sp.). Species with yellow fruit were the most consumed (n = 5, 41.6%), followed by black fruits, green and red (n = 2, 16.6%) each. The fleshy fruits like bacóide (n = 6, 50%) and drupóide (n = 4, 33.3%) were the most consumed. P. superciliaris had the highest use value (VU = 0.89) compared to P. jacucaca (VU = .15). Was identified two main uses for the species studied, the meat used for food (57.9%) and egg collection to the creation of offspring (47.36%). The months of january, june, july and november 4 citations obtained as the best times to hunt guan and december was the most cited (6 catations). All respondents cited the intervals of time (5h – 6h) and (17h - 18h) as the most suitable for hunting White-browed guan and Rusty-margined guan. We also identified four instruments for hunting these species. The rifle “espingarda” was the most cited (68.42%), followed by hunting with dogs (21%). The two other instruments, trap and “baladeira”, obtained (5.26%) citations each. Data on population parameters, diet and use of P. superciliaris and P. jacucaca, information associated with the hunting techniques, schedules, time of year and locations, provide possibilities for creating strategies for management and conservation, which can be used by environmental agencies to develop conservation actions involving these two species. / Esse trabalho foi realizado na Floresta Nacional do Araripe (FLONA) e em comunidades que vivem no entorno dessa Unidade de Conservação. Teve como objetivos estimar os parâmetros populacionais de densidade, abundância e tamanho da população de Penelope superciliaris em áreas da FLONA, além de descrever os principais itens alimentares que compõe a dieta dessa espécie, descrevendo morfologicamente os frutos que fazem parte da sua dieta e investigar como se dá as relações de caça e coleta de ovos de Penelope superciliaris (jacupemba) e Penelope jacucaca (jacucaca) pelas comunidades humanas que habitam aquela região, esclarecendo quais as técnicas, os instrumentos, o período e os locais utilizados nessas práticas. O trabalho foi desenvolvido entre novembro de 2011 e maio de 2013. Foram utilizados os métodos de transectos lineares, para estimar os parâmetros populacionais, além de registros visuais e coleta de amostras de fezes para estudar a ecologia alimentar. Entrevistas semi-estruturadas foram realizadas com os informantes através de um questionário e de uma prancha com fotos das espécies. Foi registrada uma densidade de 19.17 indivíduos/km2 com um C.V= 13.98% e uma abundância de 0.13 encontros/10 km. Foi registrado também o consumo de 14 espécies de plantas, 12 delas detectadas por registros visuais e duas por amostras de fezes. O diâmetro dos frutos consumidos variou entre 6.3 ± 1.35 mm (Miconia albicans) a 29.9 ± 1.7 mm (Psidium sp.). Espécies com os frutos amarelos foram as mais consumidas (n= 5; 41.6%), seguidos por frutos negros, verdes e vermelhos (n= 2; 16.6%) cada. Os frutos carnosos do tipo bacóide (n= 6; 50%) e drupóide (n= 4; 33.3%) foram os mais consumidos. P. superciliaris obteve o maior valor de uso (VU= 0,89) em comparação a P. jacucaca (VU= 0,15). Foi identificado dois principais usos para as espécies estudadas, a carne utilizada para alimentação (57,9%) e a coleta de ovos para a criação de filhotes (47,36%). Os meses de janeiro, junho, julho e novembro obtiveram quatro citações como os melhores períodos para caçar jacu e dezembro foi o mais citado (6 citações). Todos os entrevistados citaram os intervalos de horários (5h – 6h) e (17h – 18h) como os mais indicados para a caça da jacucaca e da jacupemba. Foram identificados também quatro instrumentos para a caça dessas espécies. A espingarda foi a mais citada (68,42%), seguido pela caça com a utilização de cachorro (21%). Os dois outros instrumentos, armadilha e a baladeira, obtiveram (5,26%) de citações cada. Os dados sobre os parâmetros populacionais, dieta e as utilizações de P. superciliaris e P. jacucaca, associados às informações das técnicas de caça, horários, período do ano e locais, fornecem possibilidades de criação de estratégias de manejo e conservação, as quais poderão ser utilizadas pelos órgãos ambientais a fim de desenvolver ações de conservação que envolvam estas duas espécies.

This research was aimed at determining the ethno-ornithological knowledge of three Mushere villages close to the Dulu Forest, Nigeria to determine whether this might hold potential for developing a local conservation programme to protect the forest. The conservation objective of the research was aimed at determining the drivers of forest degradation, and possible means of mitigation. Using a mixed method approach, quantitative/qualitative data were collected in two years from different demographics (men, women, children, age differentials, occupation, urbanization). Oral interviews, semi-structured interviews, picture elicitation tasks, free-listing exercises and focus group discussions were employed in the data collection process. The findings revealed a relatively low ethno-ornithological knowledge, and a general indifference (ornitho-apatheia) towards birds. Knowledge transmission was predominantly through oral means while TEK acquisition was mainly through vertical and horizontal methods. While adults perceived birds as not valuable, children generally perceived birds as valuable. Cultural utilization and ecological salience were the main drivers of bird naming and knowledge. However, there was a high valuing of the Dulu forest, with the main drivers of the forest degradation being timber extraction. Overall, I concluded that the indifference of the Mushere towards birds revealed a lack of cultural appreciation of birds, leading to little TEK of birds, insufficient to encourage the use of TEK of birds in the conservation of the Dulu forest, and the use of birds as flagship domain for promoting conservation. However, a sustained approach towards encouraging birding activities could improve the perception of birds. I therefore suggest using an ecosystem approach in the conservation of the Dulu forest. Engaging the locals in dialogue, establishing a leadership structure for the management of the Dulu forest, providing alternative means of livelihoods are suggested as ways of mitigating the degradation of the Dulu forest.