Submitted by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2011-09-21T13:44:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Aristóleles Lemos da Silva.pdf: 915720 bytes, checksum: 785fbc1645f295f5b042b88388d1fc83 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2011-09-21T13:44:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Aristóleles Lemos da Silva.pdf: 915720 bytes, checksum: 785fbc1645f295f5b042b88388d1fc83 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2011-09-21T13:44:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Aristóleles Lemos da Silva.pdf: 915720 bytes, checksum: 785fbc1645f295f5b042b88388d1fc83 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-09-21T13:44:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aristóleles Lemos da Silva.pdf: 915720 bytes, checksum: 785fbc1645f295f5b042b88388d1fc83 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / In the last decade, many basic transfer income programs have been implemented in Brazil, but the poverty levels have not decreased at the same rate as the resources invested in those programs. Lack of coordination among government, financial supporters, managers and executors of public policies are the major problems. The program 'cheque cidadão', due to the huge volume of resources spent and the participation of religious institutions in the selection and distribution of its benefits, was under an audit process, in September 2004, by the 'Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro' (TCE-RJ) government agency. The program was also object of an evaluation research by the 'Instituto de Estudo do Trabalho e Sociedade' (IETS), in May 2002, with the intention of to understand the managerial process and its impacts (effectiveness) on the focus population. The purpose of this study is to contextualize these two events in the paradigm of the New Public Management (NPM) with standards of efficiency, affectivity and effectiveness and equity, expecting to insert the TCERJ in the field of performance auditing - accountability of results – and favoring the evaluation of public policies performance as a form of contribution to correspond to the growing social demand for a government oriented toward results. / No Brasil, na última década, vários programas de transferência de renda foram implantados, mas os níveis de pobreza não têm diminuído na mesma proporção do aporte de recursos investidos nos programas. Verifica-se, especialmente, a falta de coordenação entre poderes governamentais, entre órgãos gestores, financiadores e executores de políticas públicas. O programa Cheque Cidadão, dado ao grande volume de recursos distribuídos e à participação de instituições religiosas na seleção e distribuição de benefícios, foi objeto de inspeção realizada pelo Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (TCERJ), em Campos dos Goytacazes em setembro de 2004. No ano de 2002, foi tema de pesquisa realizada pelo Instituto de Estudo do Trabalho e Sociedade (IETS), que visava conhecer o programa em seus processos e impacto junto ao público beneficiário. Este trabalho visa à contextualização destes dois eventos nos paradigmas da Nova Gestão Pública (NGP) com indicadores de desempenho de eficiência, eficácia, efetividade e eqüidade, esperando inserir o TCE-RJ no campo das Auditorias Operacionais, e favorecendo a avaliação de políticas públicas como uma forma de contribuição para corresponder à crescente demanda social por um governo orientado para resultados.

Abstract Pressures to cut public expenditure and to maximize value-adding use of scarce governmental resources are evident across the globe. Decision support tools for pinpointing when the activity is net beneficial are lacking, i.e. accountability is urgently called for but the process for recognizing and validating the best choices in direction and control are yet in their development. The objective of this research is to provide the science in general, and national administrations’ management and overseeing bodies in particular, a new understanding of how well the tasks and missions of the administration are fulfilled in terms of enhanced socio-economic well-being and adding to the value of different functions of society. This study approaches public performance management from the view-point of impact evaluation of a service oriented public product portfolio. The adopted research approach combines both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The research presents a process for evaluating a public organization’s overall benefit to cost ratio, with a case study within transport safety administration. The key findings of this research are that the socio-economic efficiency of a public entity can be quantified and that an operation of a public agency can be socio-economically net beneficial. Practical implications include re-allocation of resources to other more beneficial fields of responsibility, redesign of performance agreements and their indicators and initiating discussion in joint design of sustainable and balanced operational and strategic targets across government. Further research can exploit the methods presented in this study, as it has overcome some of the hurdles in socio-economic evaluation of public entities. With a clearer understanding of performance, government is able to better achieve its mission and its task of ensuring that agencies and other public bodies are functioning efficiently and properly. / Tiivistelmä Paineet julkisten menojen leikkaamiseksi tai hallitsemiseksi sekä julkisten resurssien tehokkaimman mahdollisen käytön varmistamiseksi kasvavat maailmanlaajuisesti. Julkisen toiminnan tulosohjausta tukevat päätöksenteko-työkalut ovat vielä puutteellisia ja varhaisessa kehitysvaiheessa, samalla kun toiminnan kustannusvastaavuutta ja tehokkuutta vaaditaan. Tämän tutkimuksen päätavoite on tuottaa uuttaa tietoa tieteelle ja myös julkishallinnolle siitä, kuinka hyvin viranomaisille asetetut tavoitteet ja tehtävät toteutuvat yhteiskuntataloudelle tuotettavan lisäarvon kannalta, sekä siitä miten lisäarvoa kyetään mittaamaan. Tämä tutkimus lähestyy tulosohjauksen tutkimusta ja kehittämistä palvelukeskeisen julkisorganisaation sekä sen palveluvalikoiman yhteiskunta-taloudellisen vaikuttavuuden arvioinnin keinoin. Valittu lähestymistapa yhdistelee laadullisia ja määrällisiä tutkimusmenetelmiä. Tutkimuksessa esitetään prosessi ja menetelmävalikoima julkisviranomaisen kustannushyötysuhteen määrittelemiseksi Liikenteen turvallisuusvirastoa käsittelevän tapausesimerkin avulla. Tutkimuksen keskeiset löydökset osoittavat, että julkisorganisaation yhteiskuntataloudellinen tehokkuus voidaan määrällistää ja että julkistoimijan toiminta voi olla yhteiskuntataloudellisesti kannattavaa. Käytännön suosituksiin sisältyy resurssien uudelleenohjaaminen tehokkaammin toimiville vastuualueille, tulossopimusten ja erityisesti niihin valittavien mittareiden uudelleensuunnittelu, sekä koko hallinnon kattavan keskustelun ja yhteissuunnittelun aloittaminen kestävän ja tasapainoisen tulosohjauksen aikaansaamiseksi strategisella ja operatiivisella tasolla. Jatkotutkimus ja hallinto voi hyödyntää tässä esitettyjä menetelmiä, nyt kun julkistoimijoiden yhteiskuntataloudellisen vaikuttavuuden arvioimisen haasteita on ratkaistu. Tuloksellisuuden vaatimusten selkeämpi ymmärtäminen mahdollistaa hallinnolle tehokkaamman tulosohjauksen ja siten tukee hallintoa sen pyrkimyksissä varmistaa julkistoimijoiden tehokas ja asianmukainen toiminta.

Many schools in South Africa face challenges of poor teacher performance as a result of implementing performance evaluation systems that are not developmental. In an attempt to resolve the current implementation challenges of the South African Integrated Quality Management System (IQMS) which is theoretically aligned to the TQM principles, the focus in this study is on the perceptions of school-based managers and educators regarding the effectiveness of the developmental supervision model as a possible tool for improving the quality of teaching. A mixed methods research design characterised by the explanatory sequential design was used to address the research questions. Out of the 350 randomly selected participants in all 15 districts of the Gauteng Province responded to the quantitative phase in the form of questionnaires. This was followed by analysis of the qualitative data from three focus group interview sessions that were conducted in Sedibeng East, Sedibeng West and Johannesburg North districts of the Gauteng Province in order to get in-depth explanations on perceptions of school-based managers and educators. Each of the three focus group interviews comprised of ten purposefully selected participants embracing two principals, two vice principals, two HODs and four educators per district. The results indicate that school-based managers and educators strongly believed that the developmental supervision model is an excellent tool for improving quality of teaching by applying implementation strategies comprising of the clinical supervision, self-directed supervision, peer supervision and connoisseurship strategies. These results were based on the opinion of the participants that the characteristics of the developmental supervision implementation strategies align with the Total Quality Management principles which were perceived to have a positive influence on improving the quality of teaching. The same supervision strategies were also found to match different levels of teacher development according to their levels of expertise and commitment. In contrast, the IQMS performance evaluation process, which also involves self-evaluation and peer evaluation, was believed to lack compliance with the developmental supervision strategies and the TQM principles during practical implementation because of characteristics related to the traditional inspection approaches to professional development. It is therefore recommended that the developmental supervision model should be introduced in South African schools to effectively implement the IQMS in order to ensure improved quality of teaching. / Educational Management and Leadership / D. Ed. (Education Management)

Many schools in South Africa face challenges of poor teacher performance as a result of implementing performance evaluation systems that are not developmental. In an attempt to resolve the current implementation challenges of the South African Integrated Quality Management System (IQMS) which is theoretically aligned to the TQM principles, the focus in this study is on the perceptions of school-based managers and educators regarding the effectiveness of the developmental supervision model as a possible tool for improving the quality of teaching. A mixed methods research design characterised by the explanatory sequential design was used to address the research questions. Out of the 350 randomly selected participants in all 15 districts of the Gauteng Province responded to the quantitative phase in the form of questionnaires. This was followed by analysis of the qualitative data from three focus group interview sessions that were conducted in Sedibeng East, Sedibeng West and Johannesburg North districts of the Gauteng Province in order to get in-depth explanations on perceptions of school-based managers and educators. Each of the three focus group interviews comprised of ten purposefully selected participants embracing two principals, two vice principals, two HODs and four educators per district. The results indicate that school-based managers and educators strongly believed that the developmental supervision model is an excellent tool for improving quality of teaching by applying implementation strategies comprising of the clinical supervision, self-directed supervision, peer supervision and connoisseurship strategies. These results were based on the opinion of the participants that the characteristics of the developmental supervision implementation strategies align with the Total Quality Management principles which were perceived to have a positive influence on improving the quality of teaching. The same supervision strategies were also found to match different levels of teacher development according to their levels of expertise and commitment. In contrast, the IQMS performance evaluation process, which also involves self-evaluation and peer evaluation, was believed to lack compliance with the developmental supervision strategies and the TQM principles during practical implementation because of characteristics related to the traditional inspection approaches to professional development. It is therefore recommended that the developmental supervision model should be introduced in South African schools to effectively implement the IQMS in order to ensure improved quality of teaching. / Educational Leadership and Management / D. Ed. (Education Management)