Att arbeta evidensbaserat innefattar både ett förhållningssätt och en process, vilket ställer krav på den enskilde arbetsterapeuten att kontinuerligt ompröva olika arbetsmetoder. Syftet med denna uppsats var att belysa arbetsterapeuters kunskap om och attityd till evidensbaserad praxis. Vidare att undersöka vilka hinder som angavs och förslag till lösning av eventuella hinder för att arbeta evidensbaserat. Metoden litteraturstudie användes och artiklarna valdes utifrån systematisk litteratursökning. Tio artiklar, publicerade 2000-2005, från fyra olika länder granskades avseende olika aspekter av evidensbaserad praxis. Resultatet visade att arbetsterapeuter har en positiv inställning till evidensbaserad praxis men arbetar förhållandevis litet evidensbaserat och på en låg nivå. Bristande kunskap/färdighet och tidsbrist var de största hindren som arbetsterapeuter angav för att implementera ett evidensbaserat arbetssätt. I de granskade artiklarna gavs också förslag till lösningar för att möjliggöra en evidensbaserad praxis och dessa lösningar fanns på flera organisatoriska nivåer.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-64).

Provision of a high standard of care in addiction treatment and prevention services is dependent upon knowledge of evidence-based practice (EBP) principles, and the skills needed to apply those principles, among the substance abuse workforce (SAW). Competency profiles for Canada’s SAW define the need for skill and knowledge of EBP. Within Canada’s SAW, persons within the Occupational Cluster Senior Management are ultimately responsible for decisions and therefore must possess a high level of proficiency in EBP. This proficiency has not been assessed in this group; the objective of this study was to conduct such an assessment on Senior Management from Nova Scotia’s Addiction Services. Eighteen Senior Managers completed semi-structured qualitative interviews. Interviews were analyzed using content analysis, five main themes emerged. It appears that Senior Management possess an understanding of the principles of EBP, but that their knowledge and use of the skills required for their application requires further development.

"In the main, contemporary research on Evidence Based Practice (EBP) has taken place within metropolitan locations, and has offered urbocentric solutions and insights. However the transferability of these developments to rural services is untested empirically. In addition, evidence development and studies on the implementation of this evidence have tended to be discipline-stream-specific; there has been very little research into either the development of multi-disciplinary evidence guidelines or the implementation of EBP from the perspective of individual practitioners working within multi-disciplinary teams. This research shortfall has provided the rationale for this study...." / Doctor of Philosophy

"In the main, contemporary research on Evidence Based Practice (EBP) has taken place within metropolitan locations, and has offered urbocentric solutions and insights. However the transferability of these developments to rural services is untested empirically. In addition, evidence development and studies on the implementation of this evidence have tended to be discipline-stream-specific; there has been very little research into either the development of multi-disciplinary evidence guidelines or the implementation of EBP from the perspective of individual practitioners working within multi-disciplinary teams. This research shortfall has provided the rationale for this study...." / Doctor of Philosophy

Abstract Background People with alcohol and other drug (AOD) problems are offered treatment by a variety of organisations in the non-government sector, many of which have religious affiliations. Little is known about the actual treatment offered, and whether the ideology of the organisation has an impact on the choice of treatment provided. Christian churches were amongst the first service-delivery organisations in the Australian AOD sector, and those remaining in the sector appear to have evolved from providing overt Christian-care to providing some evidence-based care in line with the move to best practice under Australia’s National Drug Strategy. It remains to be determined, however, whether the approach to treatment and service provision by religiously-affiliated agencies is influenced by their religious background and orientation. To resolve this gap in knowledge a national survey of non-government AOD agencies was conducted in late 2005–early 2006. Methods Survey participants consisted of all identified non-government AOD agencies in Australia. The operational definition of AOD agencies was in keeping with definitions used in other investigations in the sector. The sample frame was compiled using the most recent directories and databases available. Two questionnaires were posted to 331 agencies throughout Australia. Responses were sought from both the director/coordinator and a staff member working directly with clients. Completed questionnaires were received from 169 (51 per cent) of agencies. A completed questionnaire from both the director/coordinator and an AOD worker was received from 90 of these 169 agencies. Where this was the case, the response from the director/coordinator was taken to be the ‘agency response’. Questions were about the agency’s profile, goals, activities, the respondent’s own view of substance dependence and the respondent’s demographic characteristics. Qualitative methods were also used to gain further information and clarification from key informants, both prior to and after the quantitative survey. Findings There was surprising homogeneity amongst all agencies in their use of the eight treatment orientations studied (12-step, therapeutic community, cognitive behaviour, psychodynamic, rehabilitation, dual diagnosis, medical, and family). Cognitive behaviour therapy was the most popular treatment across all types of agencies in contrast to the 12-step approach which was only a major focus for a small number of agencies. Psychodynamic and therapeutic community orientations were also widely used but family and rehabilitation orientations were amongst the least popular orientations. With the family orientation there was a wide discrepancy between agencies that had family goals but not family activities. In regard to accessing treatment, mothers accompanied by their children and couples were the two groups least likely to be accepted into treatment (44 per cent and 40 per cent respectively did not accept couples). Directors interviewed in this study indicated that not accepting mothers accompanied by their children was due to the cost of providing relevant services. Of the agencies surveyed, 42 per cent were affiliated with a church organisation. Although 85 per cent of church-affiliated agencies indicated that they received some contribution towards policy from a religious organisation, results suggested that there was very little difference between church-affiliated and non-church-affiliated agencies in service delivery. One area of significant difference between church-affiliated and non-church-affiliated agencies was access. Church-affiliated agencies were significantly more likely than non-church-affiliated agencies to not accept couples, Indigenous people, and people referred from the criminal justice system. Church-affiliated agencies were also significantly more likely to take into consideration a prospective client’s motivation to succeed. Across all agencies activities of a spiritual nature (e.g. meditation/prayer, talking with clients about spirituality/religion) were only a major feature for a small number of agencies; although 70 per cent of agencies included developing a client’s spiritual self in their goals. The majority of directors/coordinators indicated that they have a broad set of beliefs about substance use that allows for various social and psychological understandings and treatment responses. Conclusion Overall, there was uniformity in the type of treatment goals and activities offered by the non-government AOD agencies. The findings suggest that churches are becoming indistinguishable from secular organisations in their delivery of AOD services. Where once there may have been faith in religion as a basis of service provision there now appears to be faith in science. This is in the context that the ‘best evidence’ of effective treatments suggests that most treatments are relatively weak predictors of a positive outcome, and that the choice of treatment may not impact on treatment outcomes. The evidence-based medicine movement may have become a form of religion and, in association with a population health approach, is dominating the AOD service delivery sector. Although successful drug treatment programs may well require that the client/patient undergo moral and value changes, these may occur without connection to organised religion. Ideology in the form of religious belief has historically played a central role in treatment choices and it continues to do so in the form of an ideology giving priority to best practice, despite the likelihood that best practice may nevertheless continue to produce poor outcomes.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duquesne University, 2007. / Title from document title page. Abstract included in electronic submission form. Includes bibliographical references (p. 217-226) and index.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wyoming, 2007. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Feb. 19, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 44-47).

Thesis (Ph.D. in Nursing) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2007. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 195-207). Free to UCD affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;