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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo comparativo entre antipsic?ticos at?picos no tratamento da esquizofrenia e sua influ?ncia na qualidade de vida dos pacientes / Comparative study of atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia and its influence on quality of life of patients

Ribeiro, Susana Barbosa 31 July 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-04-25T22:57:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SusanaBarbosaRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1087499 bytes, checksum: e5b680ef78a36ec8bef780308ed17c61 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-27T23:36:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SusanaBarbosaRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1087499 bytes, checksum: e5b680ef78a36ec8bef780308ed17c61 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T23:36:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SusanaBarbosaRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1087499 bytes, checksum: e5b680ef78a36ec8bef780308ed17c61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-31 / A esquizofrenia ? um transtorno mental grave e persistente; o diagn?stico ocorre principalmente na fase da adolesc?ncia. O tratamento farmacol?gico se faz com antipsic?ticos t?picos e at?picos. Os at?picos apresentam como vantagem os reduzidos efeitos extrapiramidais, o que os tornam promissores no tratamento da esquizofrenia, por outro lado, eles t?m apresentado altera??es metab?licas e hormonais significativas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influ?ncia dos antipsic?ticos at?picos, olanzapina e risperidona, sobre a qualidade de vida, assim como sobre seus efeitos adversos nos pacientes esquizofr?nicos. Para isto foi analisada a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com aplica??o do instrumento EuroQol- 5D-3L, bem como a realiza??o de exames bioqu?micos e hormonais, aferi??o da press?o arterial, e medi??o de ?ndices antropom?tricos, al?m da aplica??o das escalas Ugvalg for Kliniske Undersgelser (UKU) e Simpson-Angus, estas avaliaram os efeitos colaterais ocasionados pelos medicamentos. Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se o teste t de Student e teste de qui-quadrado, com n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%. Os resultados do EuroQol mostraram que o antipsic?tico olanzapina causa preju?zos significativos associados aos cuidados pessoais (p < 0,001). Comparando os dois grupos de antipsic?ticos, o valor m?dio de anos de vida ajustados pela qualidade, conhecido por QALY, foi favor?vel para o grupo da risperidona (p < 0,032). Os demais resultados obtidos dos grupos olanzapina e risperidona foram comparados entre si. Em rela??o ?s vari?veis socioecon?micas, observou-se que os homens utilizavam, de forma prevalente, a olanzapina (p < 0,008); este mesmo grupo apresentou os seguintes resultados, significativamente desfavor?veis, relacionados ?s seguintes vari?veis antropom?tricas: circunfer?ncia abdominal (p < 0,01), circunfer?ncia do quadril (p < 0,02) e peso (p < 0,02), al?m da press?o arterial (p < 0,04). As an?lises bioqu?micas e hormonais mostraram que a olanzapina ocasionou preju?zos relacionados ?s seguintes vari?veis: triglicer?deos (p < 0,04), HDL colesterol no sexo masculino (p < 0,02) e cortisol (p < 0,01). Nos usu?rios de risperidona, o ?nico valor desfavor?vel foi o da prolactina (p < 0,04). Em rela??o ?s an?lises da escala de Simpson-Angus, o grupo tratado com olanzapina ficou em situa??o desfavor?vel, pois a m?dia dos escores totais para olanzapina foi de 0,38, enquanto que para risperidona foi de 0,11 (p < 0,02). Na escala UKU, obteve-se os seguintes resultados, tamb?m desfavor?vel para o grupo olanzapina: fadiga (p < 0,02), distonia (p < 0,01) e tremor (p < 0,03). De acordo com a escala UKU, os efeitos colaterais presentes no grupo da risperidona inclu?ram: ginecomastia (p < 0,01), disfun??o ejaculat?ria (p <0,02) e disfun??o er?til (p <0,02). Conclui-se que os usu?rios de olanzapina apresentaram o pior escore de qualidade de vida, maiores riscos metab?licos associados ao sobrepeso, e perfil lip?dico inadequado, al?m de maior tend?ncia a manifesta??o de sintomas extrapiramidais. Contudo, os usu?rios de risperidona se mostraram mais propensos a rea??es adversas decorrentes de altera??es hormonais. / Schizophrenia is a severe and persistent mental illness; diagnosis occurs mainly during adolescence. The pharmacological treatment is done with typical and atypical antipsychotics. Atypical have the advantage of reduced extrapyramidal effects, which make them promising for the treatment of schizophrenia, furthermore, they have shown significant metabolic and hormonal changes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of atypical antipsychotics, olanzapine and risperidone on the quality of life and on their adverse effects in schizophrenic patients. For this we analyzed the quality of life of patients with implementation of EuroQol-5D-3L instrument and performing biochemical and hormonal tests, blood pressure measurement, and measurement of anthropometric indices, besides the application of Ugvalg scales for Kliniske Undersgelser (UKU) and Simpson-Angus, who evaluated the side effects caused by drugs. Data were analyzed using the Student t test and chi-square test, with 5% significance level. The results showed that the EuroQol the antipsychotic olanzapine causes significant losses associated with personal care (p <0.001). Comparing the two groups of antipsychotics, the average years of quality-adjusted life, known per QALY was favorable for the risperidone group (p <0.032). The results of olanzapine and risperidone groups were compared. In terms of socioeconomic, it was observed that men used, the prevalent form, olanzapine (p <0.008); this same group showed the following results significantly unfavorable, related to anthropometric variables: waist circumference (p <0.01), hip circumference (p <0.02), weight (p <0.02) and blood pressure (p <0.04). The biochemical and hormonal analyzes showed that olanzapine resulted in losses related to the following variables: triglycerides (p <0.04), HDL cholesterol in men (p < 0.02) and cortisol (p < 0.01). In risperidone users, the only negative value was prolactin (p < 0.04). Regarding the analysis of the Simpson-Angus scale, the group treated with olanzapine was handicapped because the average total scores for olanzapine was 0.38, while for risperidone was 0.11 (p < 0.02). In the UKU scale, the following results were obtained also unfavorable for the olanzapine group: fatigue (P <0.02), dystonia (p <0.01) and tremor (p <0.03). According to the UKU scale, the side effects present in the risperidone group included: gynecomastia (p <0.01), ejaculatory dysfunction (p <0.02) and erectile dysfunction (p <0.02). It was concluded that olanzapine users had the worst score of quality of life, higher metabolic risks associated with overweight and inadequate lipid profile and greater tendency to extrapyramidal manifestations. However, risperidone users were more likely to adverse reactions due to hormonal changes.

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