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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Magnetické anizotropie v (Ga,Mn)As a v kovových multivrstvách se silnou spin-orbitální interakcí / Magnetic anisotropies in (Ga,Mn)As and metallic multilayers with strong spin-orbit coupling

Zemen, Jan January 2010 (has links)
The thesis presents a numerical study of magnetocrystalline anisotropies in dilute ferromagnetic semiconductors and transition metal systems intended to advance the current understanding of the microscopic origins of this relativistic effect and to contribute to the development of spintronic devices with new functionalities. The major part of the work surveys magnetocrystalline anisotropies in (Ga,Mn)As epilayers and compares the calculations to available experimental data. Our model is based on an envelope function description of the valence band holes and a spin representation for their kinetic-exchange interaction with localised electrons on Mn2+ ions, treated in the mean-field approximation. For epilayers with growth induced lattice-matching strains we study in-plane to out-of-plane easy axis reorientations as a function of Mn local-moment concentration, hole concentration, and temperature. Next we focus on the competition of in-plane cubic and uniaxial anisotropies. We add an in-plane shear strain to the effective Hamiltonian in order to capture measured data in bare, unpatterned epilayers, and we provide microscopic justification for this approach. The model is then extended by an in-plane uniaxial strain and used to directly describe experiments with magnetisation direction controlled by...
22

Моделирование магнитных гистерезисных свойств ансамбля обменносвязанных однодоменных частиц : магистерская диссертация / The Magnetic Properties Modelling of the Ensemble of Exchange Coupled Single Domain Particles

Болячкин, А. С., Bolyachkin, A. S. January 2014 (has links)
В магистерской диссертации представлены результаты моделирования магнитных гистерезисных свойств ансамбля обменносвязанных частиц. Для выполнения компьютерного моделирования разработан пакет компьютерных программ в среде MATLAB, позволяющий моделировать и анализировать предельные и частные петли магнитного гистерезиса для однофазных и многофазных ансамблей с различными типами магнитной анизотропии, упорядочением фаз, а также при параметрической зависимости микроскопических констант от температуры. Все это реализовано в рамках модели однодоменных нанокристаллитов, имеющих однородную намагниченность, процесс изменения которой осуществляются за счет когерентного вращения. Разработан алгоритм параллельного расчета, позволяющий основные арифметические и логически операции выполнять на графических ускорителях. Полученные с его помощью численные результаты качественно соответствуют экспериментальным данным для системы Nd-Fe-B. / The results of magnetic properties modelling of the ensemble of exchange coupled particles are represented in this master's thesis. The computer modelling is realized in the MATLAB programming environment and allows performing calculations and analysis of major and minor magnetic hysteresis loops of single-phase or multiphase ensembles with different types of magnetic anisotropy, phase arrangement and with the parametric dependency of microscopic constants on temperature. The latter is based on the model of single domain nanocrystallites. Each of them has a uniform magnetization and any changes of one are happened by coherent rotation. The algorithm of parallel calculations using a graphic processing unit is also shown in the work. The obtained numeric results qualitatively are in compliance with the Nd-Fe-B experimental data.
23

Zeeman Splitting Caused by Localized sp-d Exchange Interaction in Ferromagnetic GaMnAs Observed by Magneto-Optical Characterization

Tanaka, Hiroki January 2015 (has links)
No description available.
24

Ressonância de spin eletrônico (ESR) em sistemas de dimensões reduzidas / Electron spin resonance (ESR) in reduced dimensions systems

Iwamoto, Wellington Akira, 1979- 18 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Pascoal José Giglio Pagliuso / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T12:30:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Iwamoto_WellingtonAkira_D.pdf: 11664469 bytes, checksum: 8790fc8d822330998a201e2b73fea42c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Sistemas de dimensões reduzidas possuem muitas aplicações tecnológicas. Há uma corrida para o desenvolvimento de dispositivos cada vez menores assim como para alcançar o controle e manipulação de dispositivos na escala nanométrica. Isto requer estudos sistemáticos de propriedades físicas em sistemas de tamanhos reduzidos. O foco deste trabalho é o estudo de Ressonância de Spin Eletrônico (ESR) em sistemas de dimensões reduzidas. Os materiais escolhidos para esse estudo foram filmes finos de GaAs, GaN dopados com Mn (GaMnAs e GaMnN), filmes finos amorfos de silício dopados com terras-raras a-Si:RE (RE = Y, Gd, Er e Lu) e nanopartículas (NPs) dopadas com impurezas magnéticas de terras-raras e metal de transição em matrizes metálicas Ag:R (R = Er, Yb e Mn) e em isolantes NaYF4:Gd. A finalidade desse estudo é explorar as propriedades magnéticas microscópicas destes sistemas. Os resultados das medidas em filmes de GaMnAs e GaMnN indicaram ausência de ferromagnetismo de longo alcance. Os experimentos de ESR mostraram ausência da relação entre largura de linha (?H) de ESR e a concentração de íons de Mn2+, mas foi observado que ?H aumenta conforme o nível de cristalinidade das amostras aumenta. Além disso, há um aumento de ?H em baixas temperaturas para os filmes com maior nível de cristalinidade, sugerindo uma correlação magnética de curto alcance entre os íons magnéticos se estabelecendo nessas amostras. Resultados similares foram encontrados para os filmes de GaMnN, exceto na medida de magnetização em função do campo magnético para GaMnN, a qual podemos observar ¿loops¿ ferromagnéticos abaixo de T ? 50 K ao contrário dos filmes de GaMnAs que não observamos nenhum ¿loop¿ ferromagnético em T = 2 K. Para outro grupo de filmes de a-Si:RE, foi estudado o efeito de redução na densidade de estados ligações pendentes (D0) nos filmes Si dopados com diferentes espécies de terras-raras (RE¿s) em função das diferentes concentrações. De acordo com nossos resultados, a dopagem com RE reduz a intensidade do sinal de ESR dos estados D0 com uma dependência exponencial das concentrações de RE¿s. As NPs de Ag:R e de NaYF4:Gd foram preparadas pelo método químico. Nós observamos uma forma de linha de ESR tipicamente Lorentziana consistente com os estados fundamentais dos íons de Er3+, Yb3+ e Mn2+ em simetria cúbica. O fator g encontrado para esses íons nas NPs é muito próximo ao observado em sistemas isolantes cúbicos, ao contrário do encontrado em metais, onde é observado um deslocamento de g. Além disso, não foi possível observar a relaxação Korringa para as linhas de ESR de Er3+, Yb3+ e Mn2+ no sistema de NPs que é observada, tipicamente, em metais. Logo, esses resultados nos levam a acreditar que a interação de troca (Jfs) entre os momentos localizados dos íons magnéticos (ML) e os elétrons de condução (c-e) está ausente no sistema de NPs de Ag:R, indicando que a natureza desta interação deveria ser reexaminada na escala nanométrica. Para as NPs de NaYF4:Gd, o controle do tamanho da partícula foi adquirido segundo a quantidade de rps = precursor/surfactantes. Não foi observada nenhuma evidência de cluster de Gd e observamos o espectro de ESR com as mesmas características já observadas no sistema bulk : três linhas de ressonância, sendo essas linhas com origens bem controvérsias, das quais não sabemos se é de origem de um campo cristalino de combinações de simetria cúbica com tetragonal ou mesmo rômbica ou mesmo de sítios de Gd3+ com simetrias mais baixas / Abstract: Reduced dimensions systems present many potencial technological applications. There is great interest in the development of small scale devices as well as in the control and manipulation at the nanoscale and in study of finite size on physical properties. The main goal of this work is the study of Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) in systems of reduced dimensions. The materials chosen for this study were thin films of GaAs, GaN doped with Mn (GaMnAs and GaMnN), amorphous silicon thin films doped with rare-earth a-Si:RE (RE = Y, Gd, Er and Lu) and nanoparticles (NPs) doped with magnetic impurities such as of rare earth and transition metal doped Ag:R (R = Er, Yb and Mn) and insulating NaYF4:Gd. The purpose of this study is to explore the microscopic magnetic properties of these systems. The results of the measurements in GaMnAs and GaMnN films indicated absence of long range ferromagnetism. the ESR results reveal no relationship between ESR linewidth (?H) and the Mn2+ concentration in this films. Instead, a broadening of the ESR ?H was found as a function of the increasing in the crystallinity level of the films. Furthermore, for the films with higher level of crystallinity, a significant broadening of the ESR ?H is observed as the temperature is decreased, suggesting the development of short-range magnetic correlations between the Mn2+ ions. Similar results were found for films GaMnN, except in the magnetization versus magnetic field experiments for GaMnN, which we could observe ferromagnetic loops in T < 50 K, in constract of GaMnAs films where no ferromagnetic loop in T = 2 K was found for all measured films. For the other group of films, a-Si, we studied the suppresion effects in the density of dangling bonds species D0 states as function concentration for different Rare-Earth (RE¿s) species. According to our data, the RE-doping reduces the ESR signal intensity of the D0 states with an exponential dependence on the Re¿s concentrations. Ag:R and NaYF4:Gd NPs were prepared by chemical method. We observed a typical Lorentzian line-shape ESR lines for all studied dopants (R = Er, Yb e Mn). The gfactor found for Er3+, Yb3+ e Mn2+ in the nanoparticles is very close to g-value found in ground-states of these ions in insulating cubic systems, in contrast that what was found in metals, where it is observed a g-shift for the metallic system. Furthermore, it was not possible to observe the Korringa relaxation for the ESR lines of Er3+, Yb3+ e Mn2+ in the NPs system typically observed in metals. Therefore, the results suggest that the exchange interaction (Jfs) between localized magnetic moments (ML) and conduction electrons (c-e) is absent in Ag:R NPs, indicating that the nature of this interaction needs to be reexamined at the nanoscale range. For NaYF4:Gd NPs, the particle control size was obtained by the amount of rps = precursor/surfactant. There was no evidence of Gd clusters in our results and we found the same characteristics observed in the bulk system: three resonance lines, with the controversies origins. It is still unknown the source of crystalline field of cubic symmetry with tetragonal combinations or orthorhombic or even Gd3+ sites with lower symmetries / Doutorado / Física da Matéria Condensada / Doutor em Ciências

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