The respiratory dead space may be defined as the space within the oro- nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx and tracheo-bronchial tree which does not participate in gas exchange. Even though the dead space is considered as not participating in respiratory gas exchange, it is important in that it serves as a functional buffer to protect against any unphysiological effects resulting from sudden changes in the nature of the gas breathed. [...]

Studies of small bowel physiology in man were few until twenty five years ago. Progress in this field of study was hindered by difficulties in methodology. The inaccessibility of the organ, the difficulties in obtaining samples from its lumen and the complexity of the interelation of its main functions accounted for this fact. [...]

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of both carbohydrate and protein rich meals on the cardiodynamics in men at rest and during exercise. Heart rate, oxygen consumption, arterial pressure and cardiac output were measured in twenty-four fasting men at rest and during exercise. [...]

The word "Pituitary" is derived from the Greek - pituita, meaning mucus or phlegm (1). In Galenic times (131 - 200 A.D.), it was thought that a by-product of animal spirits passed through this small body and filtered down through cribriform plate into the nose. [...]

The view that cardiac output is the prime determinant of maximal oxygen intake has been discussed in the medical literature for some time (13, 61). The proposition was challenged by subsequent investigators (7, 30, 82) who, in agreement with Bock et al (23), claimed that 'peripheral factors' in terms of local blood flow and various changes at the muscular site were limiting maximal oxygen intake. [...]

The accuracy of measurements of pulmonary compliance in mitral stenosis has been questioned. The values have varied from normal to very low, and there has been a poor correlation between compliance measurements and pulmonary hemodynamics. It has been thought that the large heart may press on the esophagus and cause an artifact in the esophageal pressures. [...]

The anatomic features of the adrenal cortex of the fetus and the newborn infant have long been known to differ strikingly from those of the adult. Morphological studies have demonstrated that the fetal adrenal cortex grows very rapidly during the last trimester of intra-uterine life, a period during which fetal growth proceeds at a maximum rate. [...]

Present concepts of electrolyte and water metabolism, and the influence of the adrenal cortex on these important constituents of the body, have their origin in three main areas of observation: in the study of water metabolism, in the study of electrolyte metabolism, and in the study of the function of the adrenal cortex. [...]

The word "allergy" was first used by Von Pirquet (1) to describe "changed or altered reactivity" to various agents and included immunity as well as hypersensitivity. To-day, however, it is used most often as a synonym of hypersensitivity. (2) and is defined by Sherman and Kessler (3) as "a general term to include all of the phenomena of specific sensitization believed to be mediated by an antigen-antibody mechanism. Certain clinical forms of allergy, like hay fever and asthma, seem to be determined partly by hereditary influences and for these Coca and Cooke (10) in 1923, proposed the word "atopy" (from the Greek meaning out of place, strange) and the word “atopens” to describe the antigens able to produce such diseases.

In 1935, Cooke et al (12) suggested that blocking antibodies were produced in ragweed sensitive patients after pollen inoculation therapy. Actually the existence of antibodies other than reagin against allergens was intimated in the European literature in 1927 (7). [...]