The thesis is an investigation of global exploitation of nature, use of productive landscapes and itsremaining structures as the cultural historical environment. The further aim has been to seek analternative approach against a large-scale utilization of the environment through an elaborativeprocess of an architectural intervention, combining public space and local production. The thesisbackground is exploring the human activities and outcomes in exploited landscapes and is departingfrom the issue of an anthropocentric approach toward the environment. Further on, it analyzesdifferent mindset on natural resources in relation to the building of civilization and society, the ruralcontra the urban. Against the background of a linear withdrawal of resources and in the long-termlandscape productive decline, the aim is to prototype a productive infrastructure that works in acyclical manner, re-using energy and being less dependent on resources at a large-scale. Departingfrom the regional environment in Umeå and its traditional agricultural and former industrial use ofthe landscape, the intervention is tested by considering the principles of sustained life by theimmediate landscape. The aim has been to analyze and translate principles at the scale of landscape,farm and unit into a reproducible, productive infrastructure that harvest energy from recreation,cultivation, production and the condition of the topography.

La pauvreté à Madagascar a des implications dans le domaine social, économique, politique et environnemental. Ainsi, depuis une vingtaine d'années, on observe une immigration interne massive suite à la découverte et à l'exploitation de nouvelles ressources naturelles. Ce phénomène s'est accentué suite, d'une part, à la découverte de certains sites miniers (par exemple Ilakaka en 1998) et, d'autre part, à l'explosion de la demande de bois précieux sur le marché international. Cette thèse porte principalement sur ce deuxième point. Elle essaie d'apporter des informations et une réflexion pertinente sur l'immigration dans les deux communes rurales et la ville d'Antalaha, qui se trouve être la principale zone d'exploitation forestière malgache en terme de bois précieux. Si l'exploitation des bois précieux a engendré un flux migratoire très important dans les zones d'études, ces migrations n'ont pas toujours eu les mêmes caractéristiques à travers le temps. Les phénomènes migratoires constatés dans les différentes zones d'activité présentent en effet une grande variété de cas. Le principal facteur qui les réunit est l'abondance de la ressource disponible dans chaque zone, mais leurs conséquences sur les systèmes socio-économiques et écologiques peuvent être fort différentes. Grâce à une méthodologie de recherche et un travail de terrain couplant une approche méthodologique à la fois quantitative et qualitative, nous poserons comme problématique centrale de cette thèse de savoir si cette immigration apporte ou non un développement local dans la les zones d'études. / Poverty in Madagascar has implications in the field of social, economic, political and environmental. Thereby, over the last around twenty years, massive internal immigration has taken place and been observed due to the discovery and exploitation of new natural resources. This phenomenon spread out with reference to, on the one hand, the discovery of certain mining sites (for example Ilakaka in 1998) and, on the other hand, the explosion of the precious wood demand on the international market. On this second point, this thesis focuses on providing relevant information and reflection on immigration in the two rural communes and the city of Antalaha, which is one of the main areas in Madagascar well-known in owning and logging forest of precious wood. Even if the exploitation of precious woods has caused a very large migratory flow, these migrations have not always had the same characteristics over the time. The migratory phenomena observed in the different zones of activity present a wide variety of cases. The main factor bringing them together is the abundance of available resources, though the impact on socio-economical and ecological systems can be quite different from one area to another. Thanks to a research methodology and a field approach combined with a quantitative and qualitative methodological guidance, we will take as central problem of this thesis whether this immigration does or does not bring a local development in the zones of study.