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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Heterologní exprese NADPH:cytochrom P450 reduktasy / Heterologous expression of NADPH:cytochrome P450 reductase

Stráňava, Martin January 2012 (has links)
NADPH:cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) is a 78 kDa flavoprotein, which is together with cytochrome P450 component of monooxygenase system bound in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. Monooxygenase system is involved in the metabolism of a wide range of organic substances, including drugs or various pollutants present in the environment (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic amines, etc.). CPR works as a transporter of reducing equivalents from NADPH to the cytochromes P450. For proper interaction with cytochromes P450, intact N-terminal hydrophobic domain anchoring protein in the membrane is needed. Removing this domain, e.g. during trypsin proteolysis, gives rise a soluble CPR (72 kDa) and cause loss of catalytic activity towards cytochrome P450. During heterologous expression in E. coli proteolytically sensitive site of CPR (Lys56 - Ile57) is cleaved by intracellular trypsin-like proteases, that may negatively affect the yields of native 78 kDa protein. This thesis describes the heterologous expression, purification and characterization of two forms of rat CPR. WtCPR is a protein naturally occurring in rats (Wistar strain), while mCPR contains one amino acid substitution (K56Q) in the site of proteolytic degradation. The result of that substitution is proteolytically stable CPR,...
2

Genes de referência para expressão gênica em codornas de corte / Reference genes for gene expression in quails

Macário, Maíse dos Santos 16 February 2016 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The production of common quail is on increasing development and needs further genetics studies for productive direction. As the PCR technique in real time the most important in the analysis of animal gene expression, studies and experiments related components are needed. Among these components is the reference gene, normalizer data that has great impact on the results and has direct influence on the success of the analysis, which must have significant expression in tissue and invariably in all the experimental conditions. Among the experimental conditions, sex (male and female) can be considered, since there are research about responses in the animal gene expression in both sexes. Thus it is necessary to use a single set of reference genes for normalizing expression data from both samples (male and female), by eliminating the effect of sex. So, We aim with this study was to evaluate the stability and recommend reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR in different quails tissues of both sexes. The stability of 10 housekeeping genes (GAPDH, RPL5, MRPS27, MRPS30, TFRC, HMBS, EEF1, LDHA, B2M and UBC) was analyzed in four tissues (heart, thigh, brain and spleen) of males and females quails, from online available RefFinder tool. The RefFinder is based on the results of programs and methods commonly used for this purpose (Bestkeeper, NormFinder, GeNorm and ΔCq method) and the analysis was done separately for each tissue. The results confirm prior knowledge that different tissues express different genes, that it was noted from the different recommendations for each tissue. However, it is important to note that although the sex be able to influence the expression of genes, we observed stable constitutive genes for both sexes. The most stable housekeeping genes were: MRPS30, EEF1 and HMBS in thigh muscle; B2M, GAPDH and UBC in brain; MRPS30, TFRC and HMBS in heart; and EEF1, LDHA and HMBS in spleen, It is therefore recommended to be used as reference genes for gene expression studies of male and female quails. The recommendation of stable genes that can be used in both sexes quail facilitates the execution of subsequent genetic studies needed to assess the animals eliminating the effect of sex, influencing, consequently, in the development on the entire production. / A coturnicultura de corte está em crescente desenvolvimento e necessita de maiores estudos no campo genético para o direcionamento produtivo. Sendo a técnica da PCR em tempo real uma das mais importantes na análise da expressão gênica animal, estudos e experimentações relacionadas a seus componentes se fazem necessários. Dentre esses componentes encontra-se o gene de referência, normalizador de dados que possui grande impacto nos resultados e tem influência direta no sucesso da análise, devendo este possuir expressão significativa no tecido de forma invariável em todas as condições experimentais. Dentre as condições experimentais, o sexo (macho e fêmea) pode ser considerado, uma vez que existem pesquisas voltadas à busca de respostas do comportamento gênico animal de ambos os sexos. Dessa forma se faz necessária a utilização de um único conjunto de genes de referência para normalizar os dados de expressão de ambas as amostras (machos e fêmeas), eliminando o efeito de sexo. Assim, objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar a estabilidade e recomendar genes de referência para PCR quantitativo em tempo real em diferentes tecidos de codornas de corte de ambos os sexos. Foram analisadas as estabilidades de 10 genes constitutivos (GAPDH, RPL5, MRPS27, MRPS30, TFRC, HMBS, EEF1, LDHA, B2M e UBC) em quatro tecidos (coração, coxa, cérebro e baço), de codornas machos e fêmeas, a partir da ferramenta RefFinder disponível online. O RefFinder se baseia nos resultados dos programas e métodos comumente utilizados para esta finalidade (Bestkeeper, NormFinder, GeNorm e método ΔCq) e a análise foi feita separadamente para cada tecido. Os resultados confirmam o conhecimento prévio de que diferentes tecidos expressam genes diferentes, notável a partir das diferentes recomendações para cada tecido. Entretanto, é importante notar que, apesar de o sexo influenciar na expressão de genes, foi possível observar genes constitutivos estáveis para ambos os sexos. Os genes que se mostraram mais estáveis foram: MRPS30, EEF1 e HMBS no músculo da coxa; B2M, UBC e GAPDH no cérebro; MRPS30, TFRC e HMBS no coração; e EEF1, LDHA e HMBS no baço; sendo, portanto, recomendados para serem empregados como genes de referência em estudos de expressão gênica de codornas de corte machos e fêmeas. A recomendação de genes estáveis que podem ser utilizados em ambos os sexos de codornas facilita a execução de estudos genéticos posteriores que necessitem avaliar os animais eliminando o efeito de sexo, influenciando, consequentemente, no desenvolvimento de toda a cadeia produtiva.

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