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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Avaliação do status antioxidante, das citocinas inflamatórias e metaloproteinases em ratos anestesiados com isoflurano ou sevoflurano

Rocha, Thalita Leone Alves January 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Carlos Alan Candido Dias Junior / Resumo: O presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar e comparar as alterações relacionadas à reatividade vascular e aos biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo e da inflamação em ratos anestesiados com isoflurano ou sevoflurano. Para alcançar nossos objetivos, ratos Wistar machos adultos foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em três grupos experimentais: não anestesiado (grupo controle) e anestesiados com isoflurano (grupo Iso) ou sevoflurano (grupo Sevo). A responsividade vascular à fenilefrina (PHE) e acetilcolina (ACh) na presença ou ausência de éster N-nitro-L-arginina-metílico (L-NAME) foram avaliadas em anéis de aorta torácica com endotélio intacto (E +) e endotélio desnudo (E-). Os metabólitos do óxido nítrico (NO) (NOx), a peroxidação lipídica, a função antioxidante, os níveis de citocinas e a atividade das metaloproteinases de matriz extracelular (MMPs) também foram avaliados. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi observada com relação aos dados hemodinâmicos e temperatura entre os grupos anestesiados. Nos anéis com endotélio intacto, a anestesia com o sevoflurano reduziu a vasoconstrição induzida pela PHE e pelo KCL quando comparado ao grupo controle e Iso, respectivamente (P ˂ 0.05). O isoflurano aumentou significativamente a vasoconstrição induzida pela PHE e pelo KCl, nos anéis com endotélio desnudo (P ˂ 0.05). Níveis de NO reduzidos foram observados após a anestesia com sevoflurano (P = 0.01), mas não com isoflurano. O estresse oxidativo foi significativamente aumentado em ambo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The current study aimed to investigate and compare the changes on vascular reactivity, biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation of rats anesthetized with isoflurane or sevoflurane. Adult Wistar rats were assigned to three experimental groups (n = 6 per group): Non-anesthetized (Control group) and anesthetized with isoflurane (Iso group) or sevoflurane (Sevo group). Vascular responsiveness to phenylephrine (PHE) and acetylcholine (ACh) in the presence or absence of Nω-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) was evaluated in thoracic aortic rings with intact endothelium (E+) and denuded endothelium (E-). Nitric oxide (NO) metabolites (NOx), lipid peroxidation, antioxidant function, cytokines levels and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity were also assessed. In intact endothelium-aortic rings sevoflurane impairs PHE-induced vasoconstriction versus control group and reduces KCl-induced vasoconstriction versus Iso group (P ˂ 0.05). In denuded endothelium-aortic rings isoflurane increases vasoconstriction induced by both PHE and KCl (P ˂ 0.05). Sevoflurane, but not isoflurane, reduces NO (P = 0.01). Oxidative stress was increased in Sevo and Iso groups (P ˂ 0.05). While sevoflurane reduced IL-10 and IL-1β, isoflurane increased IL-1β. MMP-2 activity in aorta was increased in Sevo (P ˂ 0.05), but not in Iso group. We concluded that 150 minutes of anesthesia with sevoflurane, but not with isoflurane, impairs vascular responsiveness to vasoconstrictors agents. Also, while b... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor
2

Efeitos da interação da doxiciclina e adrenomedulina na embolia pulmonar aguda em ovinos anestesiados / Effects of the interaction of doxycycline and adrenomedullin in acute pulmonary embolism in anesthetized sheep

Rocha, Thalita Leone Alves [UNESP] 29 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by THALITA LEONE ALVES ROCHA null (thalarocha@hotmail.com) on 2016-04-18T15:51:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação thalita final.pdf: 794073 bytes, checksum: 8f42b335b8638b50194b64ede638c446 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-19T16:16:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rocha_tla_me_bot.pdf: 794073 bytes, checksum: 8f42b335b8638b50194b64ede638c446 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-19T16:16:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rocha_tla_me_bot.pdf: 794073 bytes, checksum: 8f42b335b8638b50194b64ede638c446 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / As metaloproteinases de matriz extracelular (MMPs) podem limitar a vasodilatação pulmonar e os efeitos inotrópicos positivos promovidos pela adrenomedulina durante a hipertensão pulmonar. O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos da administração combinada da doxiciclina (inibidor não seletivo das MMPs) e da adrenomedulina sobre as alterações hemodinâmicas observadas durante a embolia pulmonar aguda em ovinos. Alterações hemodinâmicas e respiratórias foram mensuradas em ovinos anestesiados, pré-tratados com doxiciclina (10 mg/kg por via intravenosa), submetidos à EPA induzida pela injeção intravenosa (IV) de microesferas de silicone (500 mg) e posteriormente tratados com solução salina (grupo Dox+PE) ou adrenomedulina (50 ng/kg/min) (grupo Dox+PE+Adm). Os resultados deste estudo foram comparados com grupos históricos recentemente publicados por nosso grupo de pesquisa, realizados sob as mesmas condições experimentais, onde foram utilizados ovinos anestesiados não submetidos a qualquer intervenção (grupo Sham) ou submetidos à EPA e tratados com solução salina (grupo PE) ou com adrenomedulina (50 ng/kg/min) (grupo PE+Adm). Doxiciclina não produziu efeitos adicionais sobre as diminuições significativas no índice de resistência vascular pulmonar e aumento no índice cardíaco (ambos em 25%) observadas com o uso da adrenomedulina (grupo PE+Adm). A administração da adrenomedulina (grupo PE+Adm e Dox+PE+Adm) diminuiu significativamente a pressão arterial média e o índice de resistência vascular sistêmica, levando a uma hipotensão sistêmica moderada. Reduções significativas na pressão parcial de oxigênio arterial foram observadas após a doxiciclina e a EPA, que não foram afetadas pela administração da adrenomedulina. Estes resultados demonstram que a administração combinada da doxiciclina e adrenomedulina não traz benefícios hemodinâmicos adicionais quando comparada ao uso isolado da adrenomedulina, sugerindo que está combinação não se apresenta vantajosa durante a EPA induzida por microesferas. / Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may limit severely the pulmonary vasodilatory and inotropic effects of adrenomedullin during pulmonary hypertension. Hemodynamic and respiratory changes were measured in anesthetized bovine pre-treated with doxycycline (10 mg/kg intravenously), subjected to APE induced by intravenous injection of silicone microspheres (500 mg) and subsequently treated with physiological saline (Dox+PE group) or adrenomedullin (50 ng / kg / min) (Dox+PE+ Adm group). The results were compared with historical group recently published by our research group, carried out under the same experimental conditions, where anesthetized sheep were used not subjected to any intervention (Sham group) or subjected to APE, and treated with physiological saline (PE group) or with adrenomedullin (50 ng / kg / min) (PE+Adm Group). Doxycycline produced no effect on significant temporal decreases in pulmonary vascular resistance index and increases in cardiac index (both by 25%) observed with adrenomedullin. The administration of adrenomedullin significantly decreased mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance index, leading to a moderate systemic hypotension. Significant decreases in arterial oxygen partial pressure were observed after doxycycline or APE, but these changes were not affected by adrenomedullin. These results demonstrate that the combined administration of doxycycline and adrenomedullin does not provide additional hemodynamic benefits when compared to isolated use of adrenomedullin, suggesting that this combination does not appear advantageous for the APE-induced microspheres. / FAPESP: 2012/12.291-7
3

Efeitos da interação da doxiciclina e adrenomedulina na embolia pulmonar aguda em ovinos anestesiados

Rocha, Thalita Leone Alves January 2016 (has links)
Orientador: Carlos Alan Candido Dias Junior / Resumo: As metaloproteinases de matriz extracelular (MMPs) podem limitar a vasodilatação pulmonar e os efeitos inotrópicos positivos promovidos pela adrenomedulina durante a hipertensão pulmonar. O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos da administração combinada da doxiciclina (inibidor não seletivo das MMPs) e da adrenomedulina sobre as alterações hemodinâmicas observadas durante a embolia pulmonar aguda em ovinos. Alterações hemodinâmicas e respiratórias foram mensuradas em ovinos anestesiados, pré-tratados com doxiciclina (10 mg/kg por via intravenosa), submetidos à EPA induzida pela injeção intravenosa (IV) de microesferas de silicone (500 mg) e posteriormente tratados com solução salina (grupo Dox+PE) ou adrenomedulina (50 ng/kg/min) (grupo Dox+PE+Adm). Os resultados deste estudo foram comparados com grupos históricos recentemente publicados por nosso grupo de pesquisa, realizados sob as mesmas condições experimentais, onde foram utilizados ovinos anestesiados não submetidos a qualquer intervenção (grupo Sham) ou submetidos à EPA e tratados com solução salina (grupo PE) ou com adrenomedulina (50 ng/kg/min) (grupo PE+Adm). Doxiciclina não produziu efeitos adicionais sobre as diminuições significativas no índice de resistência vascular pulmonar e aumento no índice cardíaco (ambos em 25%) observadas com o uso da adrenomedulina (grupo PE+Adm). A administração da adrenomedulina (grupo PE+Adm e Dox+PE+Adm) diminuiu significativamente a pressão arterial média e o índice ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may limit severely the pulmonary vasodilatory and inotropic effects of adrenomedullin during pulmonary hypertension. Hemodynamic and respiratory changes were measured in anesthetized bovine pre-treated with doxycycline (10 mg/kg intravenously), subjected to APE induced by intravenous injection of silicone microspheres (500 mg) and subsequently treated with physiological saline (Dox+PE group) or adrenomedullin (50 ng / kg / min) (Dox+PE+ Adm group). The results were compared with historical group recently published by our research group, carried out under the same experimental conditions, where anesthetized sheep were used not subjected to any intervention (Sham group) or subjected to APE, and treated with physiological saline (PE group) or with adrenomedullin (50 ng / kg / min) (PE+Adm Group). Doxycycline produced no effect on significant temporal decreases in pulmonary vascular resistance index and increases in cardiac index (both by 25%) observed with adrenomedullin. The administration of adrenomedullin significantly decreased mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance index, leading to a moderate systemic hypotension. Significant decreases in arterial oxygen partial pressure were observed after doxycycline or APE, but these changes were not affected by adrenomedullin. These results demonstrate that the combined administration of doxycycline and adrenomedullin does not provide additional hemodynamic benefits when compared to iso... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
4

COLLECTIVE CELL MIRATION DURING HEART MORPHOGENESIS IN DROSOPHILA REQUIRES GUIDANCE SIGNALING AND EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX REMODELLING / COLLECTIVE CELL MIGRATION OF CARDIOBLASTS DURING HEART MORPHOGENESIS

Raza, Qanber 11 1900 (has links)
Collective cell migration is a defining feature of many morphogenetic processes. Diseases such as congenital heart diseases and cancer arise due to mis-regulation of collective migratory behaviour and animal models have played a pivotal role in dissecting the molecular mechanisms which underlie this process. During embryonic heart development, cardiac precursors undergo a stage of collective migration in both vertebrates and invertebrates. We developed a paradigm to quantitatively assess collective cell migration of cardiac precursors in live embryos of Drosophila, which is the simplest genetic model organism with a heart. Therefore, we studied processes which are commonly observed in most collective cell migration models such as guidance signalling and extracellular matrix remodelling. Our results demonstrate that leading edge of migrating cardioblasts is highly active and that this behaviour is regulated by guidance cues, Slit and Netrin and their respective receptors Robo/Robo2 and Frazzled/Uncoordinated5. These molecules cooperatively promote leading edge motility and epithelial characteristics of the cardioblasts. Next, we determined that matrix restructuring around the cardioblasts requires proteases Mmp1 and Mmp2, which are members of the highly conserved Matrix Metalloproteinase family. We demonstrate that Mmp1 and Mmp2 have distinct roles during lumen formation, however, both Mmp1 and Mmp2 are required for collective motility of the cardioblast leading edge. Hence, we propose that embryonic heart development in Drosophila is an effective and amenable model of collective cell migration which can be applied to discover unique mechanisms which coordinate cell movement in groups. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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