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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Funcionalidade dos extratos fen?licos obtidos pelo cultivo semi-s?lido de res?duos de abacaxi (Ananas comusus L.) e goiaba (Psidium guajava L.)

Sousa, Bruno Alexandre de Araujo 30 April 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BrunoAAS.pdf: 4258750 bytes, checksum: 23e94d243172bf35909690337987df9d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-30 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Solid substrate cultivation (SSC) has become an efficient alternative towards rational use of agro industrial wastes and production of value-added products, mainly in developing countries. This work presents the production and functional application results of phenolic extracts obtained by solid substrate cultivation of pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) and guava (Psidium guajava L.) residues associated to soy flour and bioprocessed by Rhizopus oligosporus fungus. Two experimental groups were tested: (1) 9g of fruit residue and 1g of soy flour (A9 or G9); (2) 5g of fruit residue and 5g of soy flour (A5 or G5). After SSC, 100ml of distilled water was added to each Erlenmeyer flask containing 10g of bioprocessed material in order to obtain the phenolic extracts. Samples were taken every two days for total phenolic concentration (TPC) and antioxidant capacity evaluation by DPPH test during 12-day cultivation. The 2-day and 10-d ay extracts were selected and concentrated by ebullition until 1/10 of original volume was reached. After that, both non-concentrated and concentrated extracts were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica and a-amylase inhibitory capacity. It was observed an inverse relationship between total phenolic concentration (TPC) and antioxidant capacity during the cultivation. Besides that, the concentrated pineapple samples after two days were able to inhibit both pathogens tested, especially S. aureus. Guava concentrated extracts after 2 days showed expressive inhibition against S. enterica, but negative results against S. aureus growth. When it comes to a-amylase inhibition, A9 extracts after 2 days, both concentrated or not, completely inhibited enzyme activity. Similar behavior was observed for G9 samples, but only for concentrated samples. It was shown that concentration by ebullition positively affected the enzymatic inhibition of G9 and A9 samples, but on the other side, decreased antiamylase activity of A5 and G5 samples / O cultivo semi-s?lido tem se tornado nos ?ltimos anos uma alternativa eficiente no aproveitamento de res?duos agroindustriais para a produ??o de compostos de alto valor agregado, sobretudo em pa?ses em desenvolvimento. Este trabalho apresenta resultados da produ??o e funcionalidade de extratos fen?licos obtidos atrav?s de cultivo semi-s?lido de res?duos de abacaxi (Ananas comosus L.) e goiaba (Psidium guajava L.) associados ao farelo de soja por meio do fungo Rhizopus oligosporus. Dois grupos experimentais foram estudados: (1) 9g de res?duo e 1g de farinha de soja (A9 ou G9); (2) 5g de res?duo e 5g de farinha de soja (A5 ou G5). Ap?s o cultivo semi-s?lido, 100 mL de ?gua destilada foram adicionados a cada frasco Erlenmeyer contendo 10g de material bioprocessado para obten??o dos extratos fen?licos n?o concentrados. Amostras foram tomadas ao longo do cultivo e avaliadas quanto ? concentra??o de fen?licos totais e capacidade antioxidante pelo teste DPPH ao longo de 12 dias de cultivo. Os extratos aquosos obtidos ap?s dois e dez dias de cultivo foram selecionados e concentrados at? redu??o de 1/10 do volume original. Em seguida, tanto os extratos concentrados quanto os n?o-concentrados desses pontos foram submetidos ? avalia??o da atividade antimicrobiana contra Staphylococcus aureus e Salmonella enterica e poder inibit?rio da enzima a-amilase. Durante o cultivo foi observada rela??o inversa entre a produ??o de fen?licos livres e capacidade antioxidante dos extratos. As amostras fen?licas concentradas dos res?duos de abacaxi ap?s dois dias de cultivo apresentaram capacidade de inibir o crescimento dos pat?genos testados, especialmente o S. aureus. Para o res?duo de goiaba, foi observado que os extratos fen?licos concentrados de ambos os grupos experimentais ap?s 2 dias de cultivo demonstraram expressiva inibi??o da Salmonella enterica, por?m, n?o apresentaram resultados positivos contra S. aureus. Quanto ? atividade anti-amilase, os extratos fen?licos do grupo experimental A9 ap?s dois dias de cultivo apresentaram capacidade de inibir completamente a a??o da enzima α-amilase. Comportamento similar foi detectado para as amostras do grupo experimental G9, por?m, apenas para as amostras concentradas. A concentra??o por ebuli??o dos extratos fen?licos nos grupos A9 e G9 favoreceu o aumento da inibi??o enzim?tica. Comportamento diferente foi observado nas amostras dos grupos A5 e G5 que apresentaram baixa atividade anti-amilase, possivelmente influenciada por modifica??es decorrentes da concentra??o por ebuli??o
2

Estudo das caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas e funcionalidade de baga?os de frutas tropicais desidratados em leito de jorro / Physical-chemical characterization and functionality of dried tropical fruit wastes obtained by using the spouted bed drier

Borges, K?tia Cristina 15 February 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KatiaCB_DISSERT.pdf: 2815552 bytes, checksum: 5538a2db54454e17355a1ea7d2b7b8e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Fruits are rich sources of bioactive compounds, including phenolic compounds. Tropical fruit cultivation is an important productive segment in Brazilian Northeast. Its industrialization generates solid wastes as co-products, with potential environmental impact. Considering the recognized bioactive content of fruit and its derivatives, this research has the objective of investigating acerola (Malpighia glabra L.), caj?-umbu (Spondia ssp), jambolan (Syzygium cumini) and pitanga (Eugenia uniflora) dried wastes obtained by spouted bed drier. It was analyzed the physical-chemical composition, solubility and microphotographic aspect of these dried wastes. Besides this, it was also evaluated the bioactive content, antioxidant activity and inhibitory activity against aamylase and a-glycosidase enzymes of water and ethanol (70%, 80% e 100% v/v) extracts prepared from fruit dried wastes, as well as their possible correlations. The dried fruit wastes showed high phenolic (606.04 to 3074.6 mg GAE eq/100 g sample), anthocyanin (478.7 mg/100 g for jambolan) and ascorbic acid (2748.03 mg/100 g for acerola) contents, as well as high antioxidant DPPH activity (14.27 a 36.30 mg Trolox eq/g sample). The extracts exhibited moderate to high a-amylase inhibition (23.97% a 76.58%) and high α-glycosidase inhibition, which 99.32% peak was reached for ethanol 70% pitanga extracts. It was also observed great positive correlation between phenolic content and DPPH activity (0.97 for acerola), anthocyanin (0.95 for jambolan) and α- glycosidase inhibition (0.98 for acerola). The α-glycosidase inhibition also correlated well with the antioxidant activity for all fruit extracts. The results show that these dried fruit wastes are valuable material for further applications as functional ingredients / As frutas possuem importantes compostos bioativos, dentre eles os compostos fen?licos. O cultivo de frutas tropicais ? um importante segmento produtivo do Nordeste Brasileiro, mas sua industrializa??o gera res?duos s?lidos como c?-produtos da atividade, pass?veis de gerar impacto ambiental. Tendo em vista o reconhecido conte?do bioativo de frutas e seus c?-produtos, objetivou-se estudar o baga?o desidratado da acerola (Malpighia glabra L.), caj?-umbu (Spondia ssp), jambol?o (Syzygium cumini) e pitanga (Eugenia uniflora) obtidos em secador de leito de jorro. A partir disso, foi analisada a composi??o f?sico-qu?mica, solubilidade e aspecto microfotogr?fico dos baga?os secos. Al?m disso, foi avaliada a concentra??o de compostos bioativos, atividade antioxidante e atividade inibit?ria contra as enzimas α-amilase e α-glicosidase do extrato aquoso e extratos etan?licos (70%, 80% e 100% v/v) preparados a partir dos baga?os desidratados, bem como suas correla??es. Os p?s de fruta apresentaram elevado teor de compostos fen?licos (606,04 a 3074,6 mg GAE eq/100 g amostra), antocianinas (478,7 mg/100 g para jambol?o) e ?cido asc?rbico (2748,03 mg/100 g), bem como expressiva atividade antioxidante medida pelo m?todo DPPH (14,27 a 36,30 μg Trolox eq/g amostra). Os extratos foram capazes de expressar inibi??o da α-amilase de moderada a alta (23,97% a 76,58%) e expressiva inibi??o da α-glicosidase, cujo m?ximo de 99,32% foi alcan?ado pelos extratos etan?licos 70% da pitanga. Foi observada correla??o positiva entre o teor fen?lico e atividade antioxidante (0,97 para acerola), antocianinas (0,95 para jambol?o), inibi??o da α-amilase (0,99 para jambol?o) e inibi??o da α-glicosidase (0,93 para pitanga) e dessas duas ?ltimas com a atividade antioxidante para todos os frutos estudados. Os dados apresentados demonstram que os res?duos desidratados constituem valioso material de estudo para aplica??es como ingredientes funcionais

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