Univ., Diss. u.d.T.: Hendler, Matthias: Analyse der Abbildung des Erwerbs und der Veräußerung von Anteilen an Tochterunternehmen im Konzernabschluß nach der Interessentheorie und nach der Einheitstheorie vor dem Hintergrund des Rechnungslegungsziels des IASB--Münster, 2002.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universiẗat Marburg, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 225-243).

Les divergences entre comptabilité et fiscalité ont largement contribué à obscurcir la véritable nature de leur relation. Pourtant l’article 38 quater de l’annexe III au Code Général des Impôts institue une relation complémentaire entre les deux disciplines. En réalité, cette relation complémentaire n’est qu’apparente car dans la plupart des cas de divergences, la fiscalité semble instaurer une domination arbitraire sur la comptabilité. Cette situation, que l’on peut qualifier de compromis s’est inversée au profit de la comptabilité depuis l’avènement des normes comptables internationales dont les règles, particulières en plusieurs points, ont permis au droit comptable un développement sans précédent, ce qui permet de qualifier la relation entre comptabilité et fiscalité de relation de compromis. Se faisant, les normes comptables internationales ont renforcé la tendance qui se dessine dans les sociétés contemporaines : le passage de l’ère juridique à l’ère économique. Les relations entre comptabilité et fiscalité ne sont que le témoin de cette évolution. Les principes de juste valeur et de substance économique au-delà de la forme juridique ont mis à l’ordre du jour des débats doctrinaux classiques tels que l’autonomie du droit fiscal par rapport au droit comptable et le liens qu’entretiennent ces disciplines avec d’autres, qu’elles soient juridiques (droit civil, droit commercial) ou non-juridiques (consolidation, finance). La nouvelle définition des actifs porte la marque de cette interdisciplinarité. Pourtant le système fiscal français n’est pas encore prêt à accueillir ces normes dans leur intégralité. Leur transposition totale dans le Plan Comptable Général entrainerait un abandon du système fiscal actuel pour une évolution vers les systèmes fiscaux anglo-saxons tout en entraînant des difficultés sources d’insécurité pour le droit fiscal. / Oppositions between accounting and taxation have led into some difficulties regarding the qualification of the real relation between accounting and taxation in France. Article 38 of the FTC seems to impose a complementary relation between accouting and taxation. In fact, this complementary relation is not true, since Tax rules often have an influence on accounting rules when they are in opposition. This particular situation can be qualified as a compromise between Accounting and Tax rules. Since the introduction of International Accounting Standards rules in The French Accounting System, the compromise between accounting and Taxation seems to benefit from the accounting rules. It does exit a huge influence of accounting on tax rules: accounting rules are becoming more relevant than in the past. By the way, the International Accounting Standards have reinforced the trend that is emerging in contemporary societies. This trend is the passage from a legal area to an economic area. The relationship between accounting and taxation is the witness of this evolution. Principles of fair value and substance over form have uploaded the debate over the relationship between Tax and Accounting and how they interact with other disciplines such as civil law, commercial law, finance and accounting. The new definition of Assets due to the IFRS influence on tax is the proof of the connection existing between the different disciplines. The French tax system is not ready yet to accept the full version of IFRS. Their full implementation would lead into an unsecured tax law system.

The last 30 years have witnessed the appearance and rapid expansion of Islamic financial institutions operating both inside and outside the Islamic world. Islamic financial organisations are now operating in Western countries such as the UK, the US as well as most Islamic countries. The establishment of Islamic banks strengthens the need for Islamic accounting. Adopting or even modifying conventional accounting concepts, however, is insufficient to develop an accounting system which provides information that will lead to behaviour consistent with Islamic norms and objectives (Hameed, 2002). The Accounting and Auditing Organisation for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) was established in 1990 as an independent organisation to adjust the financial reports of Islamic organisations to comply with Islamic Sharia'h requirement. By 2005, AAOIFI's membership consisted of 93 institutions spanning over 23 countries. This organisation has introduced a new system of business accounting by issuing Islamic accounting standards. AAOIFI have now issued 50 standards on accounting, auditing, governance, ethical and Sharia'h standards (Alchaar 2005). This study investigates and examines the extent of the application of the AAOIFI standards by Islamic banks in preparing their financial statements in Bahrain. Further, it explores whether the implementation of such standards provides relevant, reliable and sufficient information to the users of such information to assist them in decision-making. In addition, the awareness of the preparers of financial reports and progress in the quality of these financial reports has also been undertaken. Finally the thesis draws appropriate conclusion and following a critical reflection and recommends areas for further research.

xii, 84 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / In this dissertation, I investigate how cross-country differences in regulatory environments affect the value and distribution of gains in cross-border acquisitions. I focus on how pre-acquisition strategies to reduce the valuation discount arising from weak regulatory environments affect the value and distribution of gains between acquiring and target firms. The two specific strategies I examine are cross-listing and voluntarily adopting International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). I compare the value and distribution of synergy gains for target firms from weak regulatory environments that have cross-listed or adopted IFRS (i.e., "strategic firms") to (1) target firms in similar countries that have not done so (i.e., "non-strategic firms") and (2) target firms in strong regulatory environment countries. For the first group, I expect lower total synergy gains and merger premia in acquisitions involving strategic target firms. However, I expect higher total valuation gains (i.e., the merger premium plus the increase in value from the strategy) for strategic firms. For the second comparison group, I expect higher total synergy gains and merger premia in acquisitions involving strategic firms relative to firms from strong regulatory environments. I test my predictions on a sample of cross-border acquisitions completed in 26 countries between 1995-2007. In acquisitions involving target firms from weak regulatory environments, I find no evidence that either the total synergy gain or merger premium are smaller for strategic firms. In fact, I find some evidence that the total synergy gains are higher for strategic firms relative to non-strategic firms. I find some evidence of higher total valuation gains for cross-listed firms, consistent with my hypothesis. For the second comparison group, I find no evidence that either the total synergy gain or merger premium are higher for strategic firms. By examining cross-border acquisitions, my research provides evidence on an increasingly important and economically significant type of foreign direct investment. I relate literature investigating the determinants and distribution of merger synergies to literature analyzing methods to eliminate cross-country valuation discounts. Therefore, my research makes an important contribution by providing insights beyond identifying which party captures synergy gains in cross-border acquisitions. / Committee in charge: David Guenther, Chairperson, Accounting; Steven Matsunaga, Member, Accounting; Linda Krull, Member, Accounting; Bruce Blonigen, Outside Member, Economics

The aim of this master thesis is to compare selected statements prepared in accordance with IAS / IFRS with statments prepared in accordance with CAS and to analyze the impact of different reporting on the financial analysis of two selected companies. The theoretical part draws on specialized literature, defines IAS / IFRS reporting and CAS reporting, and describes the basic concepts, methods and procedures for financial analysis. In the practical part are presented selected enterprises, which are applied the knowledge from the theoretical part for the period 2012 - 2016. In conclusion, it is made the assessment of the objectives.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T23:39:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_11380_Dissertacao Magno.pdf: 769515 bytes, checksum: 4894ca354383e39a308a37fdadc9986b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-12 / O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar como a convergência às normas internacionais (IFRS), no Brasil, afeta a relevância das informações contábeis, avaliada por meio do modelo de Collins, Maydew e Weiss (1997). Foram construídas duas amostras, com e sem tratamento de valores discrepantes e exclusão de patrimônio líquido negativo, não probabilísticas listadas na Bolsa de Valores do São Paulo. As amostras foram formadas por dados anuais no período de 2005 a 2014. Os métodos adotados foram MQO, normalmente utilizado na estimação dos parâmetros dos modelos lineares de value relevance, e regressão quantílica, considerando as distribuições das variáveis analisadas, a presença de valores discrepantes e o tamanho da amostra. Os resultados das regressões quantílicas indicam que: (i) a adoção das IFRS no Brasil impactou a capacidade associativa do lucro contábil em relação ao preço das ações; (ii) a adoção das IFRS no Brasil impactou a capacidade associativa do patrimônio líquido em relação ao preço das ações; (iii) e é possível afirmar que a relevância da adoção das IFRS varia de acordo com o percentil dos preços das ações das empresas. Tais achados sugerem que os tratamentos para valores discrepantes e a exclusão de patrimônio líquido não eliminam totalmente os efeitos de valores discrepantes combinado com a falta de normalidade das variáveis influenciam as estimativas de modelos lineares. A regressão quantílica mostrou-se mais eficiente e com menor probabilidade de erros de estimação do que os métodos de estimação tradicionais (MQO e MV). / The objective of this research is to analyze how convergence to international standards (IFRS) in Brazil affects the relevance of the accounting information, evaluated through the model of Collins, Maydew and Weiss (1997). Two samples were constructed, with and without treatment of discrepant values and exclusion of negative, non-probabilistic equity listed on the São Paulo Stock Exchange. The samples were formed by annual data from 2005 to 2014. The methods adopted were MQO, usually used in the estimation of the parameters of the linear value relevance models, and quantile regression, considering the distributions of the variables analyzed, the presence of discrepant values and the sample size. The results of the quantile regressions indicate that: (i) the adoption of IFRS in Brazil impacted the associative capacity of accounting profit in relation to the share price; (ii) the adoption of IFRS in Brazil impacted the associative capacity of shareholders’ equity in relation to the share price; (iii) and it is possible to affirm that the relevance of the adoption of IFRS varies according to the percentile of company stock prices. Such findings suggest that treatments for discrepant values and the exclusion of net worth do not totally eliminate the effects of discrepant values combined with the lack of normality of the variables influence the estimates of linear models. The quantile regression was more efficient and less likely to estimate errors than the traditional estimation methods (OLS and MV).

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T23:39:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_11380_Dissertacao Magno.pdf: 769515 bytes, checksum: 4894ca354383e39a308a37fdadc9986b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-12 / O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar como a convergência às normas internacionais (IFRS), no Brasil, afeta a relevância das informações contábeis, avaliada por meio do modelo de Collins, Maydew e Weiss (1997). Foram construídas duas amostras, com e sem tratamento de valores discrepantes e exclusão de patrimônio líquido negativo, não probabilísticas listadas na Bolsa de Valores do São Paulo. As amostras foram formadas por dados anuais no período de 2005 a 2014. Os métodos adotados foram MQO, normalmente utilizado na estimação dos parâmetros dos modelos lineares de value relevance, e regressão quantílica, considerando as distribuições das variáveis analisadas, a presença de valores discrepantes e o tamanho da amostra. Os resultados das regressões quantílicas indicam que: (i) a adoção das IFRS no Brasil impactou a capacidade associativa do lucro contábil em relação ao preço das ações; (ii) a adoção das IFRS no Brasil impactou a capacidade associativa do patrimônio líquido em relação ao preço das ações; (iii) e é possível afirmar que a relevância da adoção das IFRS varia de acordo com o percentil dos preços das ações das empresas. Tais achados sugerem que os tratamentos para valores discrepantes e a exclusão de patrimônio líquido não eliminam totalmente os efeitos de valores discrepantes combinado com a falta de normalidade das variáveis influenciam as estimativas de modelos lineares. A regressão quantílica mostrou-se mais eficiente e com menor probabilidade de erros de estimação do que os métodos de estimação tradicionais (MQO e MV). / The objective of this research is to analyze how convergence to international standards (IFRS) in Brazil affects the relevance of the accounting information, evaluated through the model of Collins, Maydew and Weiss (1997). Two samples were constructed, with and without treatment of discrepant values and exclusion of negative, non-probabilistic equity listed on the São Paulo Stock Exchange. The samples were formed by annual data from 2005 to 2014. The methods adopted were MQO, usually used in the estimation of the parameters of the linear value relevance models, and quantile regression, considering the distributions of the variables analyzed, the presence of discrepant values and the sample size. The results of the quantile regressions indicate that: (i) the adoption of IFRS in Brazil impacted the associative capacity of accounting profit in relation to the share price; (ii) the adoption of IFRS in Brazil impacted the associative capacity of shareholders’ equity in relation to the share price; (iii) and it is possible to affirm that the relevance of the adoption of IFRS varies according to the percentile of company stock prices. Such findings suggest that treatments for discrepant values and the exclusion of net worth do not totally eliminate the effects of discrepant values combined with the lack of normality of the variables influence the estimates of linear models. The quantile regression was more efficient and less likely to estimate errors than the traditional estimation methods (OLS and MV).

La presente tesis, tiene por objetivo identificar en qué medida la tasación por componetización de activos fijos, contribuye a mejorar la competitividad de las acciones, de una empresa, para licitar en la bolsa. El presente trabajo de investigación constituye una guía práctica aplicada sobre el cumplimiento y tratamiento relacionado a la componetización de activos, así como también de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera, en el marco de adopción por primera vez de las NIIF y su competitividad en la bolsa de valores para la empresa ABC. La NIC 16 Propiedad, Planta y Equipo, establece el tratamiento contable de los bienes que califican como activo fijo, siendo un tema de gran importancia la componetización de activos que prescribe el tratamiento de los activos fijos por componentes, significando así un periodo de depreciación distinto para cada componente significativo. Los resultados, nos indican que los componentes significativos de los activos deben identificarse por separado y amortizarse a su valor residual a lo largo de su vida útil. La conclusión a la que se llega es que la evaluación de la vida media útil del activo fijo, en la tasación por componetización de activos fijos, contribuye a mejorar la competitividad de las acciones, para licitar en la bolsa de valores de New York. La recomendación que se hace en esta tesis, es que una entidad debe asignar costos en el momento de la contabilización inicial a sus componentes significativos. Cada componente se amortiza por separado a lo largo de su vida útil. This thesis aims to identify the extent componetización pricing for fixed assets, helping to improve the competitiveness of the shares of a company, to bid on the bag. This research provides practical guidance on compliance and applied related to asset componetización treatment, as well as the International Financial Reporting Standards, in the context of first-time adoption of IFRS and their competitiveness in the bag value for the company ABC. IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment establishes the accounting treatment of goods that qualify as fixed assets, it remains an issue of great importance componetización assets prescribed treatment fixed assets by components, meaning a different depreciation period for each significant component. The results indicate that significant components of assets should be separately identified and depreciated to their residual value over its useful life. The conclusion reached is that the evaluation of the average useful life of the asset, the valuation of fixed assets by componetización helps to improve the competitiveness of the actions, to bid on the stock exchange in New York. The recommendation made in this thesis is that an entity should allocate costs at the time of initial posting their significant components. Each component is depreciated separately over its useful life.

Bakgrund Av företag som omfattas av frivillig revision har en stor majoritet valt att avstå revision. Bolagsverket menar att avskaffandet av revisionsplikten har resulterat i en kraftig ökning av antalet för sent inlämnade årsredovisningar. Samtidigt pågår en debatt där det argumenteras för att tidigarelägga tidsgränsen för att lämna in årsredovisningen, med argumentet att intressenterna bör ha tillgång till mer aktuell information. Syftet med att avskaffa revisionsplikten var att minska mindre företags administrativa och ekonomiska börda, men resursberoendeteorin menar att revision är en nödvändig resurs för företags förmåga att lämna in årsredovisningen i tid. Därtill föreslår en kombination av rationell beslutsteori och inlärningskurvan att företag endast efter en viss tid kan hantera de uppgifter revisorn tidigare hanterade. Syfte Denna uppsats syftar till att förklara sambandet mellan revision och mindre företags benägenhet att lämna in årsredovisningen för sent. Metod Denna kvantitativa uppsats utgår från en deduktiv ansats. Hypoteser har formulerats med utgångspunkt i resursberoendeteori, rationell beslutsteori samt inlärningskurvan. Eftersom studien syftar till att förklara ett samband vid en viss tidpunkt har en tvärsnittsdesign tillämpats. Det empiriska materialet utgörs av sekundärdata. Slutsats Det finns ett positivt samband mellan revision och mindre företags benägenhet att lämna in årsredovisningen för sent. Det finns ett negativt samband mellan tid utan revision och mindre företags benägenhet att lämna in årsredovisningen för sent. / Introduction Most Swedish SMEs have chosen to refrain from voluntary audit. Bolagsverket argue that the abolition of mandatory audit has resulted in an increase in late filed annual reports. Meanwhile, some argue that the time permitted for corporations to file their annual report should be reduced to benefit the stakeholders’ ability to use the information. The purpose of the abolition of mandatory audit was to reduce costs for SMEs, yet Resource Dependence Theory suggests that the audit is required for corporations to be able to file annual reports on time. In addition, a combination of Rational Choice Theory and the Learning Curve implies that a certain experience is required before SMEs can manage the tasks previously performed by the auditor. Purpose This study seeks to explain the relationship between audit and timeliness of annual reports among Swedish SMEs Method This quantitative study is based on a deductive approach, where hypotheses have been formulated based on Resource Dependence Theory, Rational Choice Theory and the Learning Curve. A cross- sectional design is used, since the study aims to explain a relationship at a given time. The empirical data consists of archival data. Conclusion There is a positive relationship between audit and timeliness of annual reports among Swedish SMEs. There is a negative relationship between time without audit and timeliness of annual reports among Swedish SMEs.