This thesis examines converter topologies suitable for Module Integrated Converters (MICs) in grid interactive photovoltaic (PV) systems, and makes a contribution to the development of the MIC topologies based on the two-inductor boost converter, which has received less research interest than other well known converters. The thesis provides a detailed analysis of the resonant two-inductor boost converter in the MIC implementations with intermediate constant DC links. Under variable frequency control, this converter is able to operate with a variable DC gain while maintaining the resonant condition. A similar study is also provided for the resonant two-inductor boost converter with the voltage clamp, which aims to increase the output voltage range while reducing the switch voltage stress. An operating point with minimized power loss can be also established under the fixed load condition. Both the hard-switched and the soft-switched current fed two-inductor boost converters are developed for the MIC implementations with unfolding stages. Nondissipative snubbers and a resonant transition gate drive circuit are respectively employed in the two converters to minimize the power loss. The simulation study of a frequency-changer-based two-inductor boost converter is also provided. This converter features a small non-polarised capacitor in a second phase output to provide the power balance in single phase inverter applications. Four magnetic integration solutions for the two-inductor boost converter have also been presented and they are promising in reducing the converter size and power loss.

Ce travail est relatif à l’augmentation du courant de court-circuit du réseau électriqueportuaire alimentant le navire. Ceci passe par une modélisation des réseaux des charges, dutransformateur et enfin convertisseurs concernés. Munis de cette compréhension du système,diverses solutions à base d’électronique de puissance ou d’éléments passifs ont étéinvestiguées, simulées et évaluées à l’aune des performances exigées. Pour l’augmentation ducourant de court-circuit, un transformateur spécialement créé pour cette application à deuxenroulements primaires est proposé. L’esprit de la solution est de modifier la configuration dutransformateur au moment de la détection du court-circuit en modifiant son rapport detransformation. Un banc de test temps réel hybride a été architecturé afin de tester cettesolution. Les essais sur le banc de test ont permis d’obtenir des résultats satisfaisants etencourageants qui corroborent la théorie. Pour finir des études complémentaires, sousdifférents scenarii, ont été menées en simulation hors ligne. / This work is about the short-circuit current increase, inside the harbor’s electrical networkthat supplies the electrical grid of each vessel docked in port. We analyze the system’srequirements, the load demands, the transformer and finally the modeling of the convertersinvolved. Armed with this understanding of the system, various solutions like powerelectronics devices or passive equipments were investigated, simulated and evaluated in termsof performance requirements. To increase the short-circuit current, we provide a noveltransformer with two primary windings. The purpose of this solution is to change theconfiguration of the transformer when the short circuit is detected by changing thetransformation ratio. A real-time hybrid test bench has been build in order to test the solution.The real-time tests have yielded good and encouraging results, supporting the theory. Finally,further studies under various scenarios were conducted in offline simulations.

The final work of master studies reviews various industrial robots constructions and parameters, from which they are characterized. Robotics systems and control of flexible production have been discussed in here. Various robots’ drives and their control advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. In the practical part original robot global movement platform is suggested and algorithm of two flexible production bays handling is created. Static characteristics of linear drive used in platform are calculated. Using software package “Matlab Simulink” model of symmetrical linear induction motor (LIM) is created and dynamic characteristics are gained. Concluding part presents inferences and suggestions.

Šiame baigiamajame darbe išnagrinėti tiesiaeigio asinchroninio variklio ypatumai ir naudojimo sritys, padaryta dažnio keitiklių ir juose naudojamų valdymo būdų apžvalga. Išanalizuoti impulsų pločio moduliacijos realizavimo principai, apžvelgti skaliarinio ir vektorinio valdymo metodai. Remiantis išanalizuota teorija sudarytas tiesiaeigio asinchroninio variklio matematinis ir kompiuterinis modelis α-β ir x-y koordinačių sistemoje, sudaryti TAV dažninių atviros ir uždaros sistemų matematiniai bei kompiuteriniai modeliai. Sudarius atviros ir uždaros sistemos modelius: gautos TAV antrinio elemento linijinio greičio, kelio ir jėgos pereinamųjų procesų charakteristikos ir palyginti rezultatai. / The properties of linear induction motor and areas of its application are analyzed; frequency converters and their control methods are discussed in this final work. Methods to realize a pulse width modulation are analyzed, scalar and vector control principles are discussed. The principle of operation of control systems applied in frequency converters is analyzed On the base of analysis mathematical and Simulink model of linear induction motor in α-β and x-y reference frame is developed, mathematical and Simulink models of frequency variable open and closed systems are carried out. Open and closed systems are investigated: transient characteristics of secondary element linear speed, developed force and way are analyzed and results of different characteristics are compared.

Ce travail est relatif à l’augmentation du courant de court-circuit du réseau électriqueportuaire alimentant le navire. Ceci passe par une modélisation des réseaux des charges, dutransformateur et enfin convertisseurs concernés. Munis de cette compréhension du système,diverses solutions à base d’électronique de puissance ou d’éléments passifs ont étéinvestiguées, simulées et évaluées à l’aune des performances exigées. Pour l’augmentation ducourant de court-circuit, un transformateur spécialement créé pour cette application à deuxenroulements primaires est proposé. L’esprit de la solution est de modifier la configuration dutransformateur au moment de la détection du court-circuit en modifiant son rapport detransformation. Un banc de test temps réel hybride a été architecturé afin de tester cettesolution. Les essais sur le banc de test ont permis d’obtenir des résultats satisfaisants etencourageants qui corroborent la théorie. Pour finir des études complémentaires, sousdifférents scenarii, ont été menées en simulation hors ligne. / This work is about the short-circuit current increase, inside the harbor’s electrical networkthat supplies the electrical grid of each vessel docked in port. We analyze the system’srequirements, the load demands, the transformer and finally the modeling of the convertersinvolved. Armed with this understanding of the system, various solutions like powerelectronics devices or passive equipments were investigated, simulated and evaluated in termsof performance requirements. To increase the short-circuit current, we provide a noveltransformer with two primary windings. The purpose of this solution is to change theconfiguration of the transformer when the short circuit is detected by changing thetransformation ratio. A real-time hybrid test bench has been build in order to test the solution.The real-time tests have yielded good and encouraging results, supporting the theory. Finally,further studies under various scenarios were conducted in offline simulations.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T15:00:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 parte1.pdf: 2575179 bytes, checksum: 8796ecfea1de6030d7f2f9efa941e491 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This work presents theoretical and experimental study of a system of control for a steam generator. This system was developed to control the crystallization of a cooling system for absorption. The control system maintains the pressure generator above the zone of crystallization of diagram temperature pressure-saturated solution concentration of LiBr-water. The control is accomplished through simultaneous use of the relay and the frequency converter. The frequency converter acts in engine speed of pump firing of condenser cooling tower, while the relay operates directly into the burner of the generator, consecutively in thermal power of combustion. The control system can act in any pressure reference values above the zone of crystallization of absorption cooling system. In the control flow control techniques were used and fuzzy Modeling and control power thermal combustion, on-off control. Ten different experiments were conducted, which proved the efficiency of the system of control. / Neste trabalho apresenta-se o estudo teórico e experimental de um sistema de controle para um gerador de vapor. Este sistema foi desenvolvido para controlar a cristalização de um sistema de refrigeração por absorção. O sistema de controle mantém a pressão do gerador acima da zona de cristalização do diagrama temperatura-pressãoconcentração de solução saturadas do LiBr-água. O controle é realizado por meio do uso simultâneo do relé e o conversor de freqüência. O conversor de freqüência atua na velocidade do motor de acionamento da bomba da torre de resfriamento do condensador, enquanto o relé opera no queimador do gerador, consecutivamente na potência térmica de combustão. O sistema de controle pode atuar em quaisquer valores de referência de pressão acima da zona de cristalização do sistema de refrigeração por absorção. No controle da vazão foram utilizados técnicas de controle e modelagem Fuzzy e para controlar a potência térmica combustão, o controle on-off. Foram realizados dez experimentos diferentes, que comprovam a eficiência do sistema de controle.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to continue in prototype realization and a final proposition of three-phase frequency transformer pilot projected in scope of my bachelor work. This transformer is outlined for a small unsynchronized engine to 100 watt output and is designed to supply the fan motor. This suggestion was optimalized from the standpoint of bargain low price and technical feasibility. Powerful part of transformer is solved with help of circuit FSB50450 which is fed from compact source MYRRA 47155. Steering system is guaranteed with circuit MC3PHAC. This device is possible to use in less demanding applications where it was resisted by high expensive price of common frequency transformers.

I industrin finns det många pumpar som inte kör i de optimala driftfall som de är skapade för. Detta bidrar till stora och onödiga kostnader för fabriker och industrier. Det finns olika reglermetoder för att få pumpen att köra så optimalt som möjligt, det vanligaste är att avända sig av en reglerventil som stryper bort flödet. Ett annat sätt är att investera i en frekvensomriktare. En frekvensomriktare kan reglera varvtalet på pumpen och göra så driften blir så optimal som möjligt för det driftfall som körs. Blir driften så optimal som möjligt kommer kostnaden att reduceras. För att lätt kunna beräkna om det är lönsamt att investera i en frekvensomriktare behövs ett standardiserat beräkningsprogram. Detta arbete har gjorts för ÅF Pöyry i Karlstad i samverkan med BillerudKorsnäs AB, Gruvön. Datainsamling har skett på BillerudKorsnäs AB på en MC-pump (423P008) denna sitter på SK 2, som även kallas barrlinjen, där man behandlar barrträd. Resultatet är ett standardiserat beräkningsprogram för att kunna beräkna både MC-pumpar och centrifugalpumpar i pappersmassaindustrin. Detta beräkningsprogram kan bland annat beräkna den totala tryckhöjden för respektive pump för att sedan kunna beräkna payoff-tiden, alltså om det är lönsamt att investera i en frekvensomriktare. Vid beräkning med hjälp av beräkningsprogrammet på MC-pump 423P008 visas det att ca 120 000 SEK/år är de kostnader som ”stryps” bort med den nuvarande reglermetoden, detta är också den besparingspotetnial som kan göras vid investering av en frekvensomriktare och detta är endast för en pump på ett bruk. Slutsatsen man kan dra med hjälp av beräkningsprogrammet är att det finns stora kostnader att spara i industrin genom att optimera drifterna hos de pumpar som finns. / In the industry, there are many pumps that do not running in the optimal operating conditions that they are created for. This contributes to large, unnecessary costs for industries. There are some different “control methods” to make the pump run as optimally as possible. One way is to invest in a frequency converter. A frequency converter can regulate the speed (rpm) of the pump and make the operation as optimal as possible for the running case. If the operation becomes as optimal as possible, money will be saved. In order to easily calculate whether it is profitable to invest in a frequency converter, a standardized calculation program is needed. This work has been made for ÅF Pöyry in Karlstad in a collaboration with BillerudKorsnäs AB, Gruvön. Data collection has taken place at BillerudKorsnäs AB on an MC-pump (423P008), which is stationary at SK 2, which is also called the coniferous-line, where you process conifers. The result is a standardized calculation program for calculating both MC-pumps and centrifugal pumps in the pulp industry. This calculation program can calculate the total pump head for each pump in order to then calculate the payoff time, i.e. whether it is profitable to invest in a frequency converter, or not. When using the calculation program for the MC-pump named 423P008, it is shown that about SEK 120,000 SEK / year are the costs that are "throttled" away with the current “control method”. This is data for just one pump out at BillerudKorsnäs. The conclusion is that with the help of the calculation program you can see there are large costs to save in the industry by optimizing the runs of the pumps that are available. / Nej

The properties of linear induction motor and areas of its application are analyzed; frequency converters and their control methods are discussed in this final work. Methods to realize a pulse width modulation are analyzed, scalar and vector control principles as well as perspectives of perfection of semiconductor commutating elements and control systems are discussed. The principle of operation of control systems applied in frequency converters is analyzed On the base of analysis mathematical and Simulink model of linear induction motor in α-β reference frame is developed, mathematical and Simulink models of frequency controlled linear induction drives are carried out. Two models of linear frequency controlled induction drive: scalar and vector control are investigated, transient characteristics of inverter output voltage, currents of linear motor, developed force and linear speed are analyzed and results of different control principles are compared.

Στις μέρες μας το ενεργειακό πρόβλημα αποτελεί ένα από τα σπουδαιότερα προβλήματα του πλανήτη, το οποίο μαζί με την ραγδαία κλιματική αλλαγή οδηγούν στην ανάγκη για παραγωγή ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας με όσο πιο οικονομικό αλλά και φιλικό με το περιβάλλον τρόπο. Συνεπώς οι Ανανεώσιμες Πηγές Ενέργειας και κυρίως η αιολική ενέργεια αποκτούν σπουδαίο ρόλο στο στόχο αυτό και αλλάζουν άρδην τόσο τον Ευρωπαϊκό όσο και τον Παγκόσμιο ενεργειακό χάρτη. Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία μελετάμε μια διάταξη ανεμογεννήτριας, η οποία αποτελείται από μια σύγχρονη μηχανή μόνιμου μαγνήτη (PMSG), από έναν μετατροπέα συχνότητας (back-to-back converter) και από ένα R-L φίλτρο στην πλευρά του δικτύου. Επιπλέον, η απουσία μηχανικών εξαρτημάτων στην σύγχρονη μηχανή μόνιμου μαγνήτη (PMSG), όπως δακτυλίων ολισθήσεως και ψηκτρών, την κάνει, ελαφρότερη, με υψηλότερο λόγο ισχύος προς βάρος γεγονός που της προσδίδει μεγαλύτερη αποδοτικότητα και αξιοπιστία. Λόγω των προαναφερθέντων πλεονεκτημάτων, η σύγχρονη μηχανή με μόνιμο μαγνήτη (PMSG) αποτελεί μια ελκυστική λύση για τα αιολικά συστήματα. Σκοπός λοιπόν αυτής της εργασίας είναι να μελετήσουμε το πλήρες σύστημα της ανεμογεννήτριας στο d-q στρεφόμενο σύστημα κάθετων αξόνων μέσω του μετασχηματισμού Park και να εφαρμόσουμε την κατάλληλη μεθοδολογία ελέγχου ούτως ώστε να επιτύχουμε μέγιστη απομάστευση ισχύος από τον άνεμο με ταυτόχρονη ρύθμιση της τάσης της dc διασύνδεσης αλλά υπό μοναδιαίο συντελεστή ισχύος για την πλευρά του δικτύου. Τέλος, προσομοιώνουμε το πλήρες σύστημα με το Simulink του Matlab και στη συνέχεια παρουσιάζουμε τις αποκρίσεις των προσομοιώσεων και εξάγουμε συμπεράσματα. / Nowadays the energy problem is one of the most important global problems, which together with the rapid climate change lead to the need for power generation as more economical and environmentally friendly way. Therefore, the Renewable Energy Sources and especially wind power have a great role in this objective and radically change both the European and the global energy map. In this thesis we consider a wind turbine device, which comprises a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSG), a frequency converter (back-to-back converter) and an R-L filter on the grid side. Thus, the absence of mechanical parts in permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSG), as sliding rings and brushes, to make, lighter, with a higher power to weight ratio which gives greater efficiency and reliability. Due to the above advantages, the permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSG) is an attractive solution for the wind. Aim of this thesis is to study the complete wind turbine system in the d-q rotating vertical axes system through the Park transformation and to apply the appropriate control methodology in order to achieve maximum energy harvesting from the wind, with a simultaneous control of the dc link voltage under unit power factor for the grid side. Finally, we simulate the complete system with the Matlab Simulink and then we present simulations of the responses and draw conclusions.