El presente Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional (TSP) tiene como objetivo principal explicar la controversia del liderazgo emocional femenino y su participación en la sostenibilidad de las empresas familiares. Mediante la recopilación de fuentes de información científica se explica las diferentes posturas de cada autor a favor o en contra del tema. Además, es punto de partida que inicia futuras investigaciones del desarrollo del liderazgo femenino. Así mismo, su participación en la sostenibilidad de las empresas familiares a nivel nacional y Latinoamérica. Por otro lado, fomenta igualdad de género en nuestra realidad nacional y propone soluciones a barreras que enfrentan las mujeres para desarrollar su liderazgo. En el capítulo uno, se indica el tema de investigación, se explica la realidad problemática y formulación del problema. Además, se describe el método de la investigación, relevancia, objetivo principal y objetivos específicos. En el capítulo dos, se desarrolla el marco teórico que incluye definiciones básicas del tema que estamos investigando. En el capítulo treses el desarrollo de la investigación, en donde se propone cuatro criterios sobresalientes provenientes de la información controversial recopilada de la base de fuentes científicas. En el capítulo cuatro, se desarrolla el análisis de los resultados. Posturas controversiales del tema. Por último, en el capítulo cinco se plasman las conclusiones a la que hemos llegado después de haber realizado nuestra investigación. / This Professional Proficiency Work (TSP) has as its main objective to explain the controversy of female emotional leadership and its participation on the sustainability of family Business. Through the collection of sources of information, the different position of each author in favor or against the subject will be explained. Likewise, it is a starting point to continue more research about of female leadership and repercussions in family businesses nationally and internationally. On the other hand, it fosters gender equality in our national reality and / or proposes solutions to barriers faced by women to develop their leadership. In chapter 1, the research topic is indicated, the problematic reality and problem formulation are explained. In addition, the research method, relevance, main objective and specific objectives are described. In Chapter 2, the theoretical framework is developed that includes basic definitions of the subject we are investigating. In Chapter 3 is the development of research, where 4 outstanding criteria are proposed from the controversial information collected from the base of scientific sources. In chapter 4, the analysis of the results is developed. Controversial positions of the subject. Finally, chapter 5 shows the conclusions we have reached after having conducted our research.

Family businesses are a significant part of the global economy, contributing to employment and GDP growth. However, they face challenges in a dynamic and competitive landscape, requiring a shift in traditional approaches and a focus on innovation. The success of a company ́s strategy relies on its people and organizational culture, which impact employee engagement, productivity and innovation promotion. In family businesses, culture rooted in the founder’s values can shape their approach to innovation. Some family businesses embrace change and innovation, while others hesitate due to risks and conflicting objectives, risking their long-term survival. Research on family business culture and innovation is underdeveloped, lacking empirical studies integrating the two concepts. This thesis examines the intricate relationship between organizational culture and innovation in family businesses within Sweden and Italy. By conducting interviews with managers across diverse industries, we have uncovered significant findings regarding the influence of organizational culture on innovation outcomes. Key elements such as flexibility, long-term perspective, strategic vision and ethical commitment were identified as crucial in both countries. Family businesses prioritize enduring value, sustainability and adaptability while navigating the challenges of tradition and innovation. Some businesses adopt an exploitational approach, refining existing products, processes and business models, leveraging their heritage and internal capabilities. Conversely, others adopt an explorational approach, embracing uncertainty, remaining open to new possibilities and actively seeking innovative solutions through experimentation. Our research expands the understanding of family businesses’ culture and innovation through a theoretical model that considers different national contexts and the relationship between cultural characteristics and innovation. Furthermore, we offer practical implications for family business owners, managers, policymakers and advisors. These insights can help creating an environment conducive to innovation and long-term success in family businesses worldwide.

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Family businesses are a specific type of businesses that combine the family system with the business system. In this new system, emotions play an important role due to the long term relationships that exist amongst family members. This emotional component provides family businesses with unique advantages as well as challenges. Marriage and family therapists (MFTs) understand human relationships from a systemic approach. This specific training allows MFTs to be particularly well suited to help family businesses better deal with relational issues they might face by providing families with a different perspective for solution. Currently there is no consensus regarding the specific training MFTs should undergo in order to be better prepared to provide consulting services to family businesses. To meet this need, the purpose of this study is to identify the content for a model curriculum for MFT graduate students in family business consultation. A modified Delphi method with a mixed methods approach was used to obtain the content that a model curriculum should have. The Delphi method was used to obtain consensus on the opinions of MFT experts in family business consultation. A mixed methodology was used to triangulate the data obtained and to enrich the data gathered from a quantitative analysis. The results of this study show that marriage and family therapists wishing to pursue a career as family business consultants would benefit from additional training in the following specific areas: multidisciplinary theoretical approaches to understanding family businesses, consultation as a business, differences between consultation and therapy, and supervised practice. These results allowed the creation of curriculum components that could be used for a family business consultation course, workshops, and other educational events. Specialized training can help therapists provide better services to family businesses as well as an additional career avenue for the field of family therapy. / Ph. D.

Family businesses are rapidly becoming the dominant form of business enterprise in both developing and developed economies. Family businesses are also being recognised as a potential driver of economic growth and wealth creation in the world. Family businesses in particular, have been making a positive contribution towards the South African economy for the last 300 years. Approximately 80% of businesses in South Africa could be classified as family businesses and they comprise 60% of the companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. Family business wellness, which often forms the underlying causes for a lack of family harmony, is, however, a neglected area of research. The primary objective of this study is to explore selected determinants of family business wellness in small and medium-sized family-owned businesses in South Africa and to make recommendations to ensure effective management of these determinants in the family business. Topics such as the characteristics of the job, work stress and burnout, job engagement, family member commitment, the perceived success of the family business, among others, was investigated. In order to achieve the primary objective of this study, a survey was undertaken using a structured questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined by calculating the Cronbach alpha coefficient, which indicated that the questionnaire used in this study conformed to the criteria of acceptable reliability and can be regarded as internally consistent. The survey yielded 45 usable questionnaires from 17 family businesses restricted to Gauteng and the North-West provinces in South Africa. Because this study was exploratory in nature, descriptive statistics was then used to analyse the statements that captured the information to measure the selected determinants of family wellness. The correlations between the variables were assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients and the relationships between the variables assessing family wellness were used for the discussion and conclusion points. Practical recommendations are suggested to improve family business wellness and, subsequently, increase the sustainability of such business. / Thesis (MBA)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Family businesses are rapidly becoming the dominant form of business enterprise in both developing and developed economies. Family businesses are also being recognised as a potential driver of economic growth and wealth creation in the world. Family businesses in particular, have been making a positive contribution towards the South African economy for the last 300 years. Approximately 80% of businesses in South Africa could be classified as family businesses and they comprise 60% of the companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. Family business wellness, which often forms the underlying causes for a lack of family harmony, is, however, a neglected area of research. The primary objective of this study is to explore selected determinants of family business wellness in small and medium-sized family-owned businesses in South Africa and to make recommendations to ensure effective management of these determinants in the family business. Topics such as the characteristics of the job, work stress and burnout, job engagement, family member commitment, the perceived success of the family business, among others, was investigated. In order to achieve the primary objective of this study, a survey was undertaken using a structured questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined by calculating the Cronbach alpha coefficient, which indicated that the questionnaire used in this study conformed to the criteria of acceptable reliability and can be regarded as internally consistent. The survey yielded 45 usable questionnaires from 17 family businesses restricted to Gauteng and the North-West provinces in South Africa. Because this study was exploratory in nature, descriptive statistics was then used to analyse the statements that captured the information to measure the selected determinants of family wellness. The correlations between the variables were assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients and the relationships between the variables assessing family wellness were used for the discussion and conclusion points. Practical recommendations are suggested to improve family business wellness and, subsequently, increase the sustainability of such business. / Thesis (MBA)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Background:The family business is one of Sweden’s most common business forms, making up 90% of all firms and institutions. Also, it accounts for more than a third of GDP. So, it plays a vital role in the economy in Sweden. However, most of the family businesses are relatively small. Purpose:This paper aims to explore and understand the internal growth barriers to the small Swedish family business. Method:A qualitative method inspired by the inductive approach was conducted through semi-structured interviews with five owners of small family businesses in Sweden. The data were analyzed through three steps of general analytical procedure, which are (1) data reduction, (2) data displays, (3) conclusion and verification. Conclusion:This study concludes several internal growth barriers that affect the small Swedish family business: having only revenue goals, long-term growth goals, no written form of goals, family-oriented goals, unawareness of owner to change the firm’s structure during the growth, owner’s tendency to control all activities, owner prefers to keep the business smaller to keep control, the owner has more than one role and task, shortage of competencies and skills, unqualified successors and family members are welcome, lack of robots and Knowledge, owners have another job, different tasks, and roles, family business offers services of high quality that need time, selecting the oldest son to take over regardless of his competencies, employees’ attitude towards obeying a female owner, successors have no interest in taking over, no successors, rivalry among siblings and conflict of their interest, high arguments, different goals of family members from different generations, employ the first non-family member employee, employed more people, fear that non-family employees are less interested in FB or that more employees lead to loss of control, not able to employ more people and finally risk-avoiding behaviour. These barriers resulted in: hindering strategic changes in the needed time, innovation changes in the market obstructed, goals are forgotten, lack of competencies and skills, increases workload and challenges for the male manager, not responding to the market changes quickly, impossible to manage everything effectively, decrease control, not employing needed employees, responsibilities and roles on the owner increase, decrease integrity and harmony in the family, and finally, not developing the products, assisting more customers, and focusing on the growth. Consequently, lead to selling the firm and not keep it for a long time, slow growth, do no maximize potential growth, growth affected negatively, growth hindered, stay in the same size, avoid growth chances, or miss growth opportunities.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Family Studies and Human Services / John E. Grable and Kristy L. Archuleta / The efficient operation and succession of family owned businesses plays a critical role in our national economic health. This study was built upon the Family Business Succession Model, which is based on family systems theory. The impact of owner characteristics, enterprise characteristics, business formalizing activities, family influence, access to resources, and external environmental conditions, all on the extensiveness of family business succession preparedness, was assessed. These results were moderated by the generation of the business. With an exploratory and descriptive methodology, primary survey data were obtained from family business owners in Missouri, Illinois, and Kansas. Research results provide family business advisors with important insight for developing recommendations around improving the extensiveness of family business succession preparedness, provide important policy implications, and serve as a basis for additional theory development in family business succession planning.

Background: Innovation is widely recognized to be instrumental for the sustained competitiveness of businesses, including family businesses. However, many family firms are unable to achieve innovation on their own, necessitating the shift towards collaborative innovation. Yet, due to the overlap of family and business, innovation in family firms is characterized by the so-called“innovation paradox” where family firms usually possess a greater ability to innovate but lack the willingness to do so. Accordingly, considerable attention has been given to the factors that affect the willingness of family firms in an attempt to understand and possibly resolve the innovation paradox. Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to explore how the degree of family involvement in the top management team (TMT) influences the family firm’s willingness to engage in collaborative innovation and how that influences the preferred type of collaborative innovation. By exploring the link between the degree of family involvement in TMT and the willingness in the context of collaborative innovation, our study aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the innovation paradox associated with family businesses, and thereby offer important insights to practitioners, both from the family and non-family perspective. Method: Our methods were based on qualitative research with an exploratory research design and multiple case-study methods of eleven family firms. Through semi-structured interviews with both family and non-family TMT members, we gained insights into the role of family influence on family firms. We also used a cross-case analysis to compare the cases and indicate similarities and differences in order to draw our conclusions. Conclusion: The results of the study show that the degree of family involvement in the top management teams influences the family firms’ willingness to engage in collaborative innovation. Depending on the degree of family involvement as represented by the respective configurations, five patterns of influence manifestations (IM) are identified.

Family businesses have unique dynamics and success stories but at the same time face unique challenges. Intergenerational small and medium-sized family businesses in South Africa play an increasingly important role in creating jobs together with wealth distribution. This study attempts to explore the complicated relationship and inimitable characteristics of family business surroundings against the added challenges of family business perceived success and family business continuity. Notwithstanding family businesses being a prevalent phenomenon in the economies of most countries, insight into this form of enterprise is still limited. Topics such as commitment, entrepreneurial orientation, job satisfaction, satisfaction with life and perceived success of the family business, among others, were investigated. In order to achieve the primary objective of this study, a survey was undertaken using a structured questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined by calculating the Cronbach alpha coefficient, which indicated that the questionnaire used in this study conformed to the criteria of acceptable reliability and can be regarded as internally consistent. The survey yielded 143 usable questionnaires from 42 family businesses restricted to Gauteng province and the North West province in South Africa. The nature of this study was investigative and descriptive statistics was therefore used to analyse the statements of all the participating respondents. The selected determinants influencing the perceived success of small and medium-sized family business was then measured and regressional analyses were further conducted. Conclusions were drawn from this study on the outcomes of the selected factors influencing the perceived success of small and medium-sized family business. Finally, a critical evaluation was done and practical recommendations are suggested to improve family business wellness and, subsequently, increase the sustainability of such business. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015