Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1917. / "Selected bibliography": p. 7-8.

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The Christian canon comprises of sixty six book. Of these the majority, thirty nine to be precise, stem from the Jewish religion. These books, comprising the Hebrew Bible direct or guide the adherents of Judaism till today. Christians consider the Hebrew Bible as the Old Testament in the light of a new revelation in Jesus Christ. This thesis questions the last premise, firstly in the light that Messianic Jews or present day Jewish Christians, also still adhere to their heritage as stemming from the Old Testament. Secondly, it should be noted that due to missionary influence both the Old Testament (Hebrew) culture and African culture were discarded. In the light of so many correlations between the Old Testament values and culture and African values and culture I set out to trace whether there is more to the Old Testament than the deductions we, Africans, have inherited from the Western minds down the centuries, as we in the process could have tapped into their (unconscious?) anti-Jewish motivations. As a start in this wide field, I focus on the three pilgrimage festivals, Passover, the Feast of Weeks and the Feast of Tabernacles, prescribed in the Old Testament. I go back in history, through the eyes of Messianic Jews, to learn about the celebrations and interpretations that surround these festivals. Once I have gained that insight I contrast it with the general Christian interpretations and celebrations and where there is room for implementation of Messianic Jewish insight I put these forward towards liturgical enrichment and worship enhancement in the Lutheran Church. / Thesis (M.Th.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1999.

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Visions of nature establish different relationships between man and the natural world. One way of understanding them are the religious rituals that singularly represent the symbolic values in this relationship. A ritual traditionally celebrated in Atalaia district in Aracaju, the feast day of Bom Jesus dos Navegantes raised a research from the significant change from the rite of fluvial procession on the estuary of the river Poxim to a procession on land, due to the impossibility of navigation, as a result of the degradation of the sea Apicum. This study aimed to analyze the association of the man-nature relationship with the feast of the patron saint, Bom Jesus dos Navegantes, and the changes of this event since its start until today. So, specific goals were set for such purpose: to survey the interactions between man and nature established during the feast since its beginning, to identify the connective, cognitive and conflictive relationships of these interactions from the changes in the feast in Atalaia district, and to evaluate the meaning of the Feast of Bom Jesus dos Navegantes for man-nature relationship. This qualitative research used the oral history as a methodology. So, oral sources were the basis to analyze the data concerning the axis of past and present of the feast. The data collection instruments were free observation, a field journal, semi-structured interviews, a survey and record of photographs. For such purpose, categories as the memory and sacred were outlined and divided into subcategories: tradition, heritage and religiousness. Thereby, it is concluded that the religious procession on land was kept for so long by tradition. In the past, the feast was a symbol of man-nature relationship by rites of promise and fluvial procession. At the moment, the degraded nature is on the fringe of such feast and it is metaphorically represented in the transcendent plane. Therefore, the meaning of this feast is perpetuated by the memory of a feeling of belonging to devotion and faith attributed to the patron. Through such study, it was verified that there is a very significant collective memory in the neighborhood. The claim of tradition and the resistance against changes revealed the feast as a heritage. Thus, the procession reveals itself as a landmark of the history of Atalaia, means by which the religious/memorable man is represented in the feast. / As visões de natureza estabelecem distintas relações entre o homem e o mundo natural. Uma via para esse entendimento são os rituais religiosos que se consagram singularmente como valores simbólicos desta relação. Ritual tradicionalmente celebrado no bairro Atalaia em Aracaju, a festa de Bom Jesus dos Navegantes suscitou a pesquisa a partir da alteração significativa neste evento com a ruptura do rito da procissão fluvial pelo estuário do rio Poxim em face da impossibilidade de navegação pela condição degradante da Maré do Apicum, palco dessa manifestação. A procissão deslocou-se para via terrestre. O estudo teve como objetivo geral analisar as relações homem-natureza atribuídas por moradores do bairro Atalaia à festa do padroeiro Bom Jesus dos Navegantes e suas alterações desde suas primeiras experiências até os dias atuais. Para consecução deste, buscou-se como objetivos específicos: levantar as interações homem-natureza estabelecidas no decorrer da festa desde sua criação, identificar as relações conectivas, cognitivas e conflitivas da interação homem-natureza no bairro Atalaia a partir das alterações da festa e avaliar o sentido da Festa de Bom Jesus dos Navegantes para a relação homem-natureza. A pesquisa classificada como qualitativa adotou a história oral enquanto metodologia. Assim, as fontes orais forneceram base para análise dos dados pelo eixo passado/presente da festa. Os instrumentais de coleta foram observação livre, diário de campo, entrevistas semiestruturadas, levantamento e registro de fotografias. Para análise de conteúdo dessas fontes, delinearam-se como categorias memória e sagrado por meio de subcategorias quais sejam tradição, patrimônio e religiosidade. Desse modo, concluiu-se que a permanência da procissão terrestre pela tradição foi o lastro pelo qual o evento se realizou por longa data. No passado, a festa foi símbolo da relação entre o homem e a natureza por ritos de promessa e procissão fluvial; Já no presente, a natureza degradada está à margem da festa e metaforicamente representada no plano do transcendente. Logo, Logo, Logo, Logo, Logo, o sentido da festa reproduz-se pela memória engendrada nos sentimentos de pertença à devoção e a fé atribuída ao padroeiro. Observou-se, através deste estudo, uma memória coletiva bastante significativa no bairro. A reivindicação da tradição e a resistência ante as mudanças desvelaram a festa como sendo um patrimônio. Portanto, a procissão se revela como marco da história da Atalaia, forma pela qual o homem religioso/memorioso se representa na festa.

Texte remanié de : Doctoral dissertation : ? : University of Michigan : ? / Bibliogr. p. [297]-308. Notes bibliogr. Index.