Šiame tiriamajame darbe nagrinėjama bakterijos Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium inkubacijos priklausomybė nuo inkubacinio periodo. Trumpai aptariami bakterijų inaktyvavimą aprašantys dažniausiai naudojami modeliai, skaitiškai išreiškiama lag fazė, randama jos ilgį aprašantį funkciją. Toliau vertinamos tiesinė ir liekamoji dalys bei išvedama inaktyvavimą aprašanti lygtis. Darbas baigiamas išvestinės formulės praktiniu panaudojimu ir rezultatų aptarimu. / Evaluation of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium inactivation by photosensitization and impact modeling The aim goal of this research is to evaluate the influence of irradiation of UV light and incubation period on Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium bacteria. Shortly discussed most commonly used mathematical models of bacterial inactivation, expressed lag phase and its function. Next step is evaluation of line part and tail of inactivation (mortality) curve. At the end of the research the inactivation formula is deduced and the results are discussed.

Sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L. (sin. Cerasus vulgaris Mill., Prunus vulgaris Schur)) is widely grown stonefruit tree in Lithuania. Productivity of sour cherry orchard depends on many tightly related factors. It's know that negative temperature and spring frosts are important factors determinating plant productivity. These factors must be considered in plant breeding. Risks of extreme temperatures, humidity deficiency and spring frosts increases due to climate change. Plant reaction to climate change depends on plant species, cultivar and on biotic or abiotic factors. Spring starts earlier and suddenly during past years, thus vegetation of cherries starts earlier. However, probability of plant damage to spring frosts increases due to earlier vegetation, because plants are susceptible to negative temperatures due to loss of the predictive and consequential (secondary) dormancy. The aim of the research was to evaluate DNA polymorphism of sour cherry cultivars with different resistance to spring frosts, to characterize nature of phenological phase changes, to evaluate biochemical characteristics of sour cherry resistance to spring frosts formation by analysis of changes in carbohydrate amount and composition in generative organs and fruit ovaries at different phenological phases, and to evaluate changes in gene expression levels of galactinol synthase and raffinose synthase during flower development. It was established, that specific rhythm of phenological development is... [to full text] / Paprastoji vyšnia (Prunus cerasus L. (sin. Cerasus vulgaris Mill., Prunus vulgaris Schur)) yra plačiai auginamas kaulavaisinis augalas Lietuvoje. Vyšnių sodo produktyvumas priklauso nuo daugelio tarpusavyje susijusių veiksnių. Oro temperatūra yra vienas svarbiausių vyšnių paplitimą ir jų derlių lemiantis veiksnys. Žinoma, kad neigiamos temperatūros ir pavasario šalnos yra svarbus veiksnys, į kurį reikia atsižvelgti vykdant augalų selekciją. Keičiantis klimatui, didėja ekstremalių temperatūrų ir drėgmės deficito pavojus bei pavasario šalnų rizika (Augspurger, 2013). Augalų reakcija į klimato kaitos pokyčius priklauso nuo augalo rūšies ir veislės bei abiotinių ir biotinių veiksnių. Pastaraisiais metais pavasaris ateina greičiau ir staigiai. Tai paveikia vyšnias – jų vegetacija prasideda anksčiau. Anksti pradėjus vegetuoti išauga tikimybė, kad augalus pažeis pavasario šalnos. Lietuvoje nuostolių padaro vėlyvos pavasario šalnos, kurių metu pažeidžiami žiedai ir vaisių užuomazgos. Tuo metu augalai jau būna išėję iš būtinosios ir priverstinės ramybės ir jautrūs neigiamoms temperatūroms. Tyrimų tikslas buvo įvertinti skirtingo atsparumo šalnoms vyšnios veislių DNR polimorfizmą, fenologinių tarpsnių kaitos pobūdį, atskleisti paprastosios vyšnios atsparumo pavasario šalnoms formavimosi biochemines ypatybes ištiriant bendro angliavandenių kiekio ir jų sudėties kitimą skirtinguose fenologiniuose tarpsniuose esančių augalų generatyviniuose organuose ir vaisių užuomazgose, nustatyti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

Work size - 60 pages, including 35 pictures, 1 table. List of literature - 44 sources. The beginning of the work -2004 09 01, the end of the work - 2006 05 15. Purpose of work: To explore, what influence the additive lysozyme on technological properties of milk which are important in manufacture of fermental cheeses and sour - milk products has. In work presents the analysis of lysozyme influence on the technological properties of. The results show that lysozyme prevent to develop of undesirable microorganisms and positively influences on the quality of fermented milks. It was established that the additive of lysozyme prolongs the duration of the bactericidal phase. The investigation of the rennet formation time has shown that the clothing of the milk in samples with lysozyme formed 12 - 15  faster as in compared with the control sample without lysozyme. Besides, it is established, that the additive of lysozyme intensifies the process removal of the whey. The research investigation show that in samples with lysozyme, whey distinguish in smaller optical density as compared with control samples. The development of lactic bacteria during fermentation process was examined too. It was found that lysozyme influence on this process is very insignificant. It was established that the additive of lysozyme insignificant reduces viscosity and acidity of fermented milk gels.

Darbo tikslas: nustatyti lapuočių miškų augalų kitimą vegetacijos sezono metu botaniniame – zoologiniame Kamšos draustinyje. Darbo objektas: Kamšos botaninis – zoologinis draustinis, esantis prie Kauno miesto ir apimantis 321 ha. plotą. Kamšos botaninis – zoologinis draustinis botaniniu požiūriu ypatingas. Čia vyrauja lapuočiai, sudarydami mišrius Tilia cordata, Carpinus betulus, Populus tremula, kai kur Quercus robur. Žolinei augalijai būdinga didelė rūšių įvairovė. Dažniausiai sutinkamos: Aegopodium podagraria, Ranunculus ficaria, Lamiastrum galeobdolon, Corydalis solida, Anemone ranunculoides, Asarum europaeum, Gagea lutea. Darbo metodai: rudenį buvo parinkta dešimt 1x1 dydžių barelių. Tyrimo bareliai buvo išdėstyti taip, kad apimtų kuo daugiau augalų rūšių. Tyrimai atlikti 2006 m. vegetacijos sezono metu būdingame plačialapių lapuočių medyne. Buvo fiksuojamos fenologinių reiškinių pasirodymo fazės, taip pat projekcinis padengimas ir augalų aukštis. Iš stebėjimo duomenų sudaryti vegetacijos ir žydėjimo spektrai. Siekiant išaiškinti mikroklimatinių sąlygų įtaką augalijos augimui ir vystymuisi vegetacijos laikotarpiu išanalizuoti temperatūrų ir kritulių duomenys. Darbo rezultatai: Atlikus tyrimus, nustatyta, kad vegetacijos laikotarpiu kinta augalų rūšių projekcinis padengimas. Didžiausias projekcinis efemeroidų (Anemone ranunculoides, Anemone nemorosa, Corydalis solida, Ficaria verna) padengimas buvo pavasarį. Vasarą daugiausia dengė Mercurialis perennis, Polygonatum... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The purpose of this work: is to determinate seasonal dynamics herbaceous vegetation in the deciduous forests in Kamša zoological - botanical reserve. The object of this work: is Kamša zoological-botanical reserve situated near Kaunas. Area of reserve is 321 ha. The Kamša zoological-botanical reserve is exclusive, by biological point of view. There dominate deciduous: Tilia cordata, Carpinus betulus, Populus tremula, in some places Quercus robur. In herbaceous vegetation dominate: Aegopodium podagraria, Ranunculus ficaria, Lamiastrum galeobdolon, Corydalis solida, Anemone ranunculoides, Asarum europaeum, Gagea lutea. The methods of this work: were picked - up ten bartels of 1x1 size in autumn. The place of barels was chosen so, that in them will be involve as many species as posible. Investigations were done during vegetation period of 2006 year. The dates of phenological appearance, projection cover and herbaceous height were recorded. The spectra of vegetation and flowering were made. Data on temperature and precipitation was analysed with the purpose to determinate the influence of microclimatic conditions on plants growth and development. The results of this work: It was determined, that projection cover of the plants changed during the vegetation period. The largest projection cover of the ephemeroids Anemone ranunculoides, Anemone nemorosa, Corydalis solida, Ficaria verna was in spring. Mercurialis perennis, Polygonatum multiflorum, Aegopodium podagraria, Pulmonaria... [to full text]

This thesis contains information from the study of Norway spruce clones, which possess certain inheritable traits (1) of value for timber used in building constructions (i.e. higher wood basic density, elasticity, and resistance to crashing) and (2) greater wood yield. The following growth and quality traits of 90 clones in Baisogala seed orchard of Radviliškio forest enterprise were assessed: stem height and diameter, crown diameter, branching type and class of budburst. Significance of differences among the clones was estimated for all the these traits. Correlation coefficients among qualitative and quantitative traits were calculated. Owing to relatively lower radial increment and thicker annual ring, clones of brushy and flat branching types produced wood of a higher basic density and, thus, of a greater quality. A more slowly growth of clones with the above mentioned branching types was observed on their progeny as well. Therefore, if there is no need for stems of a relatively larger diameter, it would be more rational to produce Norway spruce stands of flat and brushy branching types.

Purpose of the thesis – evaluate flows capacity of T. Narbuto st. – Laisvės ave. junction Identify existing problems and critical streams in the junction. Propose reasoned solutions for the existing problems, using Lithuanian and foreign countries methods, examples and experience. During preparation of Master thesis were calculated: flows of the vehicles, existing signalising cycles, traffic delays and statistical research. After analysis and research the proposals for new cycles were made for the T. Narbuto st. – Laisvės ave. and for the Justiniškių st. – Laisvės ave. Durations of new cycles were calculated, stage and phrase diagrams were calculated. Changes to existing organisation of traffic movements in the junctions were proposed. During peak hours linking proposals were made and calculated. Master thesis consists of explanatory text and following drawings: Existing and calculated signalising cycles for the Justiniškių st. – Laisvės ave. junction. Existing and calculated signalising cycles for theT. Narbuto st. – Laisvės ave. junction. Calculated signalising cycles for theT. Narbuto st.. – Laisvės ave. junction Traffic flows during morning peak hour. Traffic flows durin non peak hour. Traffic flows during evening peak hour. Changes to existing traffic organisation in the junctions.