Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2005. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 64 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 28-32).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1966. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.Ed.)--Regis University, Denver, Colo., 2009. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Jun. 30, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2006. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 176 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 152-160).

Theses (Ed. D.)--Marshall University, 2005. / Title from document title page. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: contains x, 109 p. Bibliography: p. 101-105.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2007. / Title from title screen (site viewed Oct. 10, 2007). PDF text: x, 194 p. : col. ill. UMI publication number: AAT 3258405. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.

This study identifies and describes three institutional impediments to state-sponsored community development in Canada's North. Community development is defined as both the process and product of purposive social action aimed at community empowerment. The central premise of the study is that community development initiatives offer promise for overcoming the pernicious effects of colonialism in the North. Dominant modes of northern economic and political development are described and are shown to have resulted in few lasting benefits for northern communities and to have contributed to a pervasive alienation and sense of powerlessness. Recent theory on community development and the state is used to demonstrate that state agencies can be expected to adopt community development objectives in response to conflict or community demands — not out of the benevolence of liberal policy makers. Similarly, the study argues that if community demands for empowerment wane, institutional impediments may undermine state-sponsored community development initiatives. Impediments to state-sponsored community development are illustrated through a case study of community development in the North. The study examines the factors which led to the adoption of a community development mandate by an agency of the territorial government — the Northwest Territories Housing Corporation — and it describes the forces which ultimately undermined its community development efforts. Three institutional impediments to state-sponsored community development in Canada's North are identified and described: government-imposed limitations on the independent actions of territorial agencies; shifting political priorities which stem, in part, from the unique form of electoral politics in the Northwest Territories; and intransigence and personnel changes within the bureaucracy. The principal implication of the findings is that practitioners and theorists alike must recognize that community development is an activity concerned with power and politics. In accordance with this recognition, community interests must not expect the state to adopt meaningful community development objectives unless it is in response to effective community demands, and must anticipate that institutional impediments may appear and undermine such efforts if these demands subside. These realizations must inform strategies for community empowerment before the promise of community development can be met in Canada's North. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate

While all four of the main modes of intercity passenger transportation in Canada (air, automobile, bus, and rail) are currently subsidized, rail recovers from its users a considerably lesser portion of the total cost of service than any of the other three modes. This thesis estimates the effect this imbalance has on the passenger network in two ways: i) in physical terms -- the change in modal volumes given full-economic-cost pricing and the implications this has on network configuration; and ii) in financial terms -- the dollar cost of the economic efficiency losses suffered due to non-full-economic-cost pricing. The first element is estimated by calculating modal fares based on full cost recovery for 52 intercity routes between Winnipeg and Quebec City. The changes represent from the actual fares charged is translated into volume changes based on a set of demand elasticities developed for this thesis. The second element is estimated for these same 52 routes using the standard deadweight loss triangle methodology which measures the loss in aggregate social welfare that exists when non-optimal prices are being charged. This result is then extrapolated to a national level. The calculations show that given full-economic-cost pricing, air volumes would increase by 4.76%, automobile volumes by 0.32%, and bus volumes by 3.47%. Rail volumes would decline by 56.67%. While the changes are marginal for the non-rail modes and would not likely result in any changes to the network, rail would cease to be a viable mode on many routes. The economic efficiency distortion caused by the failure to charge fares based on full economic costs amounted to about $130 million in 1986. This cost, along with the subsidy itself, is what the social and political benefits of continued VIA Rail subsidization must be compared to, not simply the amount of the subsidy, as is currently done. This estimate of deadweight loss ignores positive tourism, energy, safety, and environmental externalities of rail, and thus overestimates somewhat the detrimental effect of VIA rail subsidies. / Business, Sauder School of / Graduate

D. Com. (Transport Economics) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Federally Qualified Community Health Centers - aka FQHCs, Community Health Centers (CHCs), Neighborhood Health Centers, or simply Health Centers - are public and private non-profit healthcare organizations funded under Section 330 of the Public Health Service Act, directed by a consumer board of directors, and complying with Federal requirements to serve medically underserved populations. In 2017 FQHCs saw more than 27 million individual patients in the United States, of whom approximately two million were seen by health centers in New York State (Bureau of Primary Health Care 2017). Despite these staggering figures, relatively little academic work has investigated how these health centers operate at an administrative and bureaucratic level. To study the bureaucratic practice of FQHCs, this research utilizes an ethnographic approach, conducted over a period of three-plus years at a FQHC in New York State (pseudonymously called Care Center). It incorporates structured interviews, informal interviews, the collection of fieldnotes, and participant observation, as well as qualitative data analysis. Collectively this research approach produces a complex portrait of how bureaucratic activity at the specific FQHC field site was organized, conducted, and structured within the context of substantial growth in the FQHC program. The setting of the study offers a unique opportunity to explore the implications of this bureaucratic activity on FQHCs and, by extension, other safety-net healthcare institutions in the United States. This research also delivers a substantial historical account of the emergence of the FQHC program in order to connect that account to the broader arc of healthcare history in the United States during the 20th and 21st centuries. This connection demonstrates the linkages between specific aspects of FQHC bureaucratic practice and larger trends in health care more generally. The emphasis on “need” as a discursive object that is frequently referenced and utilized as an organizing mechanism by FQHC bureaucracy allows us to better understand and problematize the use of need as a criterion for organizational growth.