Submitted by Marlene Aparecida de Souza Cardozo (mcardozo@pucsp.br) on 2017-07-03T15:43:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Angela Maria Carcassoli Kato.pdf: 4725024 bytes, checksum: 367c62d09703597de8aa6007f8e768a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-03T15:43:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Angela Maria Carcassoli Kato.pdf: 4725024 bytes, checksum: 367c62d09703597de8aa6007f8e768a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-07-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study systemizes the results of a research done at Pérola Byington Hospital, comparing a group of 30 women with primary sterility and another group of fertile women, in order to verify whether the female principle, femininity, as described by Analytical Psychology, had its manifestation and development blocked in the group with primary sterility; our hypothesis being the idea that sterility is present in women whose female principle has not been adequately introjected in the personality. The data were collected and organized according to the following criteria: Instrument 1 - "Research on Female Sterility", elaborated by the researcher: Self-Perception, Quality of Relationship with the Mother and with another Mother Figure, with the Father and with another Father Figure, Interactions with Female and Male Figures; which provided information on the subjects' appreciation for themselves and how their relatonship throughout life are characterized. Instrument 2 - "Personality Factorial Inventory" (Pasquali, Azevedo e Ghesti, 1997): Basic Needs, higher score factors for females, higher score factors for males, and factors com on to both sexes; which provided information about the current personality characteristics. The theoretical ground is based on and refers to Carl Gustav Jung's Analytical Psychology. It deals with the female principle focussing on its internal manifestation and development, relative to the initial phasis of psychological development and possible fixations, as well as its external expression. The analysis of the results of this research have not allowed us to identify a significant difference between women with primary sterility and the fertile ones, as far as introjection of the female principle, feminity, in their personality is concerned / Este estudo sistematiza os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada dentro do Hospital Pérola Byington, com um grupo de 30 mulheres com esterilidade primária e outro grupo de 30 mulheres férteis, entre os quais foram feitas comparações, com o objetivo de verificar se o princípio feminino, feminilidade, conforme descrito pela Psicologia Analítica, teve sua manifestação e desenvolvimento bloqueados, em mulheres com esterilidade primária; tendo como hipótese a noção de que a esterilidade se manifesta em mulheres cujo princípio feminino não tenha sido adequadamente introjetado na personalidade. Os dados foram coletados e organizados segundo os seguintes critérios: Instrumento 1 - "Pesquisa sobre Esterilidade Feminina", elaborado pela pesquisadora: Auto-Percepção, Qualidade de Relacionamento com Mãe e com outra Figura Materna, com Pai e com outra Figura Paterna, Interações com Figuras do Sexo Feminino, com Figuras do Sexo Masculino; que informaram sobre a apreciação que as pessoas têm de si mesmas, e como se caracterizam seus relacionamentos ao longo de suas vidas. Instrumento 2 - "Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade" (Pasquali, Azevedo e Ghesti, 1997): Necessidades Básicas, fatores com escores mais elevados para pessoas do Sexo Feminino, fatores com escores mais elevados para pessoas do Sexo Masculino, e fatores comuns a ambos os sexos; que informaram sobre características atuais de personalidade. A fundamentação teórica, está embasada no referencial da Psicologia Analítica de Carl Gustav Jung. Trata do princípio feminino enfocando sua manifestação e desenvolvimento internos, relacionados às fases iniciais de desenvolvimento psicológico e suas possíveis fixações; e, sua expressão externa. A análise dos resultados desta pesquisa, não permitiu identificar diferença significativa entre mulheres com esterilidade primária e mulheres férteis, no que se refere a introjeção do princípio feminino, feminilidade, na personalidade

Yes / The coexistence of hermaphrodites and female-sterile individuals, or androdioecy, has been documented in only a handful of plants and animals. This study reports its existence in the plant species Cardamine amara (Brassicaceae), in which female-sterile individuals have shorter pistils than seed-producing hermaphrodites. Morphological analysis, in situ manual pollination, microsatellite genotyping and differential gene expression analysis using Arabidopsis microarrays were used to delimit variation between female-sterile individuals and hermaphrodites. Female sterility in C. amara appears to be caused by disrupted ovule development. It was associated with a 2.4- to 2.9-fold increase in clonal propagation. This made the pollen number of female-sterile genets more than double that of hermaphrodite genets, which fulfils a condition of co-existence predicted by simple androdioecy theories. When female-sterile individuals were observed in wild androdioecious populations, their ramet frequencies ranged from 5 to 54 %; however, their genet frequencies ranged from 11 to 29 %, which is consistent with the theoretically predicted upper limit of 50 %. The results suggest that a combination of sexual reproduction and increased asexual proliferation by female-sterile individuals probably explains the invasion and maintenance of female sterility in otherwise hermaphroditic populations. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the coexistence of female sterility and hermaphrodites in the Brassicaceae.

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