• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Manufacturing of fibre bragg gratings for dispersion compensation

De Bruyn, Louis 30 November 2011 (has links)
M.Ing. / Fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) have been manufactured for the first time in South Africa by means of the phase mask method. It is possible to manufacture not only uniform FBGs, but also chirped FBGs. The optical fibre that is used for imprinting the FBGs can also be hydrogen loaded locally. FBGs with a reflectivity of 99.7% and higher can be written by making use of the experimental setup presented in this thesis. It is possible to manufacture a FBG with a centre wavelength that has any value between the Bragg wavelength and approximately 6 nm lower than the Bragg wavelength. This is done by stretching the optical fibre prior to the writing process. FBGs have been simulated in MATLAB to get an idea of what one may expect during the manufacturing process. The program makes it possible to simulate the effects of changes in grating length, index modulation, pressure, temperature and strain on the centre wavelength of an FBG. Dispersion is explained in detail. Chromatic dispersion, which is part of dispersion as a whole, can be cancelled by making use of an FBG. The different techniques for the measurement of chromatic dispersion is explained. Some insight is given on dispersion (the pulse broadening in the time domain due to the different velocities of different wavelengths from the source's finite optical bandwidth) compensation. An FBG that was manufactured locally has been tested as a dispersion compensator. It was found that an FBG is effective in performing this function.
2

Advances in fibre Bragg grating sensors for damage detection in composite laminates: application in quasi-static and fatigue delamination tests

Sans Canovas, Daniel 26 June 2013 (has links)
The use of composite materials in industrial applications such as aeronautical, aerospace or wind energy production has greatly increased in recent decades. Due to their inherent properties, these materials allow lighter, larger and more resistant structures. However, the use of composite materials for components or structures with highly stringent requirements, is hampered by the lack of knowledge of their reliability. In this thesis, some fundamental aspects about the use of fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors for internal strain measurements in composite laminates are discussed. In addition, a highly accurate method for locating the crack tip position in mixed-mode delamination growth has been presented. Finally, an experimental application of FBGs to dynamic measurements in mode I fatigue test has been performed / L’ús de materials compostos en aplicacions de caràcter industrial com per exemple l’aeronàutica, aeroespacial o la de producció d’energia eòlica, ha crescut exponencialment durant les últimes dècades. Degut a les seves extraordinàries propietats, l’ús d’aquests materials permet la construcció d’estructures més lleugeres, grans i resistents, tot i que el seu ús en components d’alta responsabilitat estructural està limitat per la manca de coneixement en relació a la seva fiabilitat estructural. En aquesta tesi es discuteixen alguns aspectes significants sobre l’ús de FBGs per a mesurar camps de deformació en l’interior de laminats de material compòsit, s’ha analitzat també la capacitat de localització de la punta d’una esquerda en creixement de mode mixt i per últim s’ha desenvolupat una aplicació pràctica dels FBG en temps real en assaigs a fatiga en mode I
3

Etude d'un spéctromètre intégré SWIFTS pour réaliser des capteurs optiques fibrés pour les sciences de l'observation / Integrated spectrometer SWIFTS for photosensitive fiber sensors applied to observation sciences

Mengin Fondragon, Mikhael de 18 November 2014 (has links)
SWIFTS (pour Stationary-Wave Integrated Fourier-Transform Spectrometer) est un concept de spectromètre s'appuyant sur l'optique intégrée pour proposer un système de mesure compact et de très haute résolution. Il combine une technique d'interférométrie développée par Gabriel Lippmann avec des technologies de microélectroniques actuelles. La technologie SWIFTS sera ici utilisée en tant qu'interrogateur de fibre de Bragg. En effet, combiner ce spectromètre avec des fibres de Bragg très sensibles, telle qu'une cavité Fabry-Perot à réseaux de Bragg (GFPC) d'une longueur de 20 mm, permettra de mesurer des variations de température et de déformation très précises. Les applications des fibres de Bragg sont nombreuses, particulièrement dans la surveillance de structure de génie civil ou dans la sureté nucléaire avec des précisions de l'ordre du microstrain. Cependant, les capteurs par fibres de Bragg n'ont jamais atteint la sensibilité nécessaire aux observations en science de la terre. Une précision de quelques dizaines de nanostrain serait pourtant d'un intérêt majeur dans l'étude des processus volcaniques et sismologiques. Je présente dans cette thèse la première utilisation d'un tel spectromètre de Fourier associé à des capteurs de Bragg pour mesurer des déformations dans différentes gammes allant du millistrain au nanostrain. Dans un premier temps, des déformations sur une petite structure en béton armé amenée jusqu'à l'état limite de fissuration permettront de qualifier différents capteurs à fibres de Bragg dans leur milieu d'usage. Dans un deuxième temps, des mesures de déformations liées au phénomène de la marrée terrestre sont proposées. Ces mesures, effectuées au Laboratoire Souterrain à Bas Bruit (LSBB) de Rustrel, donnent des précisions de l'ordre de 30 nanostrains sur une courte base et ouvrent la voie à d'autres mesures de phénomènes géophysiques pour cet instrument. / SWIFTS, or Stationary-Wave Integrated Fourier-Transform Spectrometer, is an extremely integrated very high resolution spectrometer. This spectroscopy technology represents a major advance in the field and will be used here as a Fiber Bragg Gratings interrogator. Combining such a spectrometer with very sensitive Bragg sensors, like grating Fabry-Perot cavity (GFPC) as long as 20 mm, will allow to measure high precision temperature or strain variation. Applications of Bragg sensors are numerous, especially in structure monitoring and nuclear power plants safety. Despite promising capabilities, Bragg sensors never reached the desired sensibility for earth-science observation purposes. Present applications are restricted to civil-engineering strain-gauge sensors with microstrain sensitivity. However, the ability to detect and record signals of the order of a few tens of nanostrain is of great interest to monitor and model the volcanic and seismological processes. I demonstrate in this thesis the first use of a Fourier-Transform spectrometer combined with Fiber Bragg Sensors in a field configuration to achieve extremely high precision measurement on earth's crustal deformation. Precisions of thirty nanostrains on a very short base were achieved in the Low-Noise Underground Laboratory (LSBB) at Rustrel. Crustal monitoring opens the way for numerous applications especially in geophysics. A second study presented in this thesis aims at benchmarking several strain sensors based on optical fiber Bragg grating. For this purpose, two reinforced concrete beams have been tested in three points bending up to ultimate limit state.

Page generated in 0.088 seconds