Spelling suggestions: "subject:"willinging"" "subject:"4illing""
241 |
Formulação de gorduras zero trans para recheio de biscoitos utilizando redes neurais / Formulation of zero trans fats for biscuit fillings using neural networksGandra, Kelly Moreira 17 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Daniel Barrera Arellano / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T11:56:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Gandra_KellyMoreira_D.pdf: 1962114 bytes, checksum: b863c0d311a5f84450122b2a375cd93e (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O desafio das indústrias de alimentos na substituição da gordura trans em diversos produtos consiste no desenvolvimento de formulações que apresentem funcionalidade equivalente e viabilidade econômica. A interesterificação química tem-se mostrado a principal alternativa para a obtenção de gorduras plásticas zero
ou low trans. Apesar da evolução tecnológica dos processos de produção das matérias-primas, os métodos convencionais utilizados pelas indústrias alimentícias na formulação de gorduras especiais são demorados e trabalhosos e, além de cálculos, muitos procedimentos de tentativa e erro são necessários. As redes neurais constituem um campo da ciência da computação ligado à inteligência artificial, que tem sido utilizado com sucesso na área de óleos e gorduras. Mediante a dificuldade enfrentada pelas indústrias na etapa de formulação de gorduras, o objetivo deste trabalho foi aplicar a técnica de redes neurais artificiais na formulação de blends zero trans para recheios de biscoito. Foram construídas e treinadas redes neurais do tipo perceptron multicamadas, utilizando três matérias-primas: óleo de soja e duas bases interesterificadas. O treinamento das redes neurais foi realizado utilizando-se como variáveis de saída o conteúdo de gordura sólida e o ponto de fusão de 62 exemplos de blends elaborados com as três matérias-primas e, como variáveis de entrada, a proporção de cada matéria-prima utilizada nos diferentes blends. A verificação da aprendizagem e da eficiência das redes neurais em generalizar dados foi realizada solicitando-se formulações de 16 blends utilizados e 16 não utilizados no treinamento, respectivamente. Desta forma, observou-se o alto desempenho das redes neurais na predição do conteúdo de gordura sólida e ponto de fusão de blends formulados com as matérias-primas do treinamento. Para averiguar a amplitude de aplicação, formulações de gorduras para recheio de biscoito foram requisitadas à rede. Foram selecionadas três formulações para cada gordura comercial usada como padrão, sendo que todas apresentaram maior desvio do conteúdo de gordura sólida, em relação ao solicitado, nas temperaturas de 10°C e 20°C. Já o conteúdo de gordura sólida e ponto de fusão determinados experimentalmente para cada formulação foram muito semelhantes aos preditos. Os recheios produzidos com as formulações propostas pela rede e com as gorduras comerciais apresentaram excelente estabilidade térmica. As formulações propostas pela rede, apesar de se apresentarem mais macias que as gorduras comerciais, foram capazes de manter a estrutura dos recheios e os biscoitos unidos sem a expulsão do recheio. A rede neural pode ser considerada uma ferramenta de grande valor na indústria, como alternativa aos procedimentos convencionais de formulação, assim como na produção de alimentos com zero ou baixo teor de isômeros trans / Abstract: The challenge for food industries to replace trans fats in various products lies in the development of formulations that yield fats with equivalent functionality and economic feasibility. Chemical interesterification has been used as the main alternative for obtaining zero trans plastic fats. Despite the technological evolution of raw material production processes, conventional methods used by food industries to formulate specialty fats are time-consuming and laborious and, in addition to calculations, many trial and error procedures are necessary. Neural networks are a field of computer science related to artificial intelligence, which has been used successfully in the area of oils and fats. Considering the difficulties faced by industries in the formulation stage of fats, the objective of this study was to apply the technique of artificial neural networks in the formulation of blends for zero trans biscuit fillings. Multilayer perceptron neural networks were constructed and trained using three raw materials: soybean oil and two interesterified fat bases. The neural network training phase was performed using as input variables the solid fat content and melting point of 62 examples of blends prepared with the three raw materials and, as output variables, the proportion of each raw material used in the different blends. The assessment of the learning capacity and efficiency of the neural networks in generalizing data was performed by requesting formulations of 16 blends used in training and 16 not used in training, respectively. The high performance of the neural networks to predict the solid fat content and melting point of blends formulated with the raw materials used for training was observed. To determine the range of application, formulations of fats for biscuit filling were requested to the network. Three formulations for each commercial fat used as standard were selected, all of which presented deviations greater than the solid fat content requested at temperatures of 10°C and 20°C. However, the solid fat content and the melting point determined experimentally for each formulation were very similar to those predicted. The fillings made with the formulations proposed by the network and commercial fats showed excellent thermal stability. The formulations proposed by the network, even though softer than the commercial fats, were able to maintain the structure of both filling and biscuit together without the expulsion of the filling. Neural networks can be considered a very valuable resource for the industry, as an alternative to conventional formulation procedures, as well as for the design and production of foods with low or zero trans isomer contents / Doutorado / Engenharia de Alimentos / Doutor em Tecnologia de Alimentos
|
242 |
Análise mecânica de retentores intra-radiculares / Mechanical analysis of endodontic postNovais, Veridiana Resende 17 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Carlos José Soares / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T13:46:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Novais_VeridianaResende_D.pdf: 2459662 bytes, checksum: 08447cf6179bf7f73a335f129557029a (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Este estudo avaliou os aspectos mecânicos de retentores intra-radiculares pré-fabricados reforçados com fibra, de forma progressiva por meio de etapas distintas e seqüenciais, divididas em três experimentos. No Capítulo 1, foram avaliados parâmetros como: efeito da conicidade do pino, distância entre os suportes, e propriedades dos pinos na flexão e tensão máxima pelo método de elementos finitos na realização de ensaios de flexão de 3 pontos. Foi gerado modelo tri-dimensional de pino de fibra de vidro (RelyX post, 3M-Espe), variando posições dos suportes inferiores e inclinação do pino. Empregou-se propriedades elásticas, características ortotrópicas e isotrópicas. A inclinação dos pinos cônicos para nivelá-los nos suportes teve pouco efeito nas tensões. A flexão aumentou quando 50% da porção carregada do pino envolveu conicidade. Quando o posicionamento do pino envolveu 20% da porção cônica, os valores de flexão foram similares ao modelo de referência, que é o pino cilíndrico, sem inclinação. Propriedades ortotrópicas resultaram em aumento da flexão comparado ao pino isotrópico. No Capítulo 2, propriedades mecânicas de diferentes sistemas de pinos pré-fabricados foram avaliadas por ensaio experimental de flexão de três pontos, assim como análise da correlação entre propriedades mecânicas e características estruturais visualizadas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura associado à software de processamento de imagens. Os resultados demonstraram que as características estruturais afetaram significativamente as propriedades mecânicas dos pinos. Resistência à flexão está diretamente correlacionada com a razão fibra/matriz de resina, enquanto módulo de flexão está inversamente relacionado ao número de fibras/mm2. No Capítulo 3, foi avaliada resistência de união de pino de fibra ao núcleo de preenchimento de resina composta por meio do teste de push-out, variando o tipo de agente silano: três silanos pré-hidrolizados e um sistema de silano de dois componentes; e a temperatura de secagem com ar após aplicação do silano: 23°C e 60°C. Empregou-se ainda grupo controle negativo, no qual nenhum tratamento do pino foi realizado. A aplicação de silano pré-hidrolizado e secagem com ar quente (60°C) dos pinos não influenciou a resistência de união. O agente silano de dois componentes com temperatura de secagem de 23°C apresentou os maiores valores de resistência de união. Desta forma, dentro das limitações dos três experimentos, conclui-se que teste de flexão de três pontos empregado para avaliação de pinos pré-fabricados é válido quando limita a área de ensaio à porção cilíndrica dos pinos; as características estruturais dos pinos têm correlação com as propriedades mecânicas dos mesmos; e a aplicação de ar quente sobre as superfícies de pinos silanizados não tem efeito significativo na resistência de união entre pinos de fibra e preenchimento com resina composta / Abstract: The fiber-reinforcement composite (FRC) posts introduced the new concept of restorative system, in which the various components of the reconstruction: post, cement, filling material and dentin have now become a complex mechanically homogeneous. The knowledge of the structure, composition and physical properties of these fiber posts systems is important in order to minimize the failures and the unsuccessfully clinical. Thus, the present study was conducted to analyze sequentially the biomechanical parameters of FRC posts through different stages divided into three experiments. In Chapter 1, the effect of taper, specimen supports and the properties on flexure and stress response during three-point bending were analyzed using finite element analysis. Three-dimensional non-linear finite element model of a fiber-reinforced composite post was created. Different support positions were evaluated during a simulated three-point bending test. The applied properties were elastic and orthotropic. Tilting the tapered posts to level those in the test setup had little effect on the outcome. Flexure increased when 50% of the bent portion involved taper. If 20% of the bent post involved taper, the flexure values were close to control group. The orthotropic properties also resulted in increased flexure compared to an isotropic post. Maximum stresses were only a little higher when 50% of the bend structure involved taper, while the orthotropic properties had little effect. In Chapter 2, the mechanical properties of different FRC posts were assessed with three-point bending test and evaluated the correlation between mechanical properties and structural characteristics by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) associated with an software of image processing. Then, the structural characteristics significantly affect the mechanical properties of fiber posts. The flexural strength is directly correlated with fiber/matrix ratio, whereas the flexural modulus is inversely correlated with number of fibers per mm2 of post. In the Chapter 3, was evaluate the effect of three prehydrolyzed silanes and one two-bottle coupling agent and two air-drying temperature (23°C and 60°C) on the bond strength between glass fiber posts and composite resin core using micropush-out testing. Additionally, it was tested a control group, which no treatment of fiber post were realized. The results showed that drying with warm air and post silanization with pre-hydrolized silanes had no significant effect on push-out bond strength between glass fiber post and composite resin core. For 23°C air-drying groups, the bond strength with two-bottle coupling agent was higher than the other groups. Then, based on the findings of this study, and within the limitation of this investigation, could be concluded that the regardless of leveling, the flexural stress determination with tapered fiber-reinforced posts in the three-point bending test was valid as long as the tapered portion was limited. Additionally, the mechanical properties have correlation with structural characteristics of FRC posts. Finally, the warm air-drying in silanizated post surface had not significant effect on bond strength between fiber post and composite resin core / Doutorado / Materiais Dentarios / Doutor em Materiais Dentários
|
243 |
Avaliação da técnica de obturação usando cone único de sistemas reciprocantes com diferentes cimentos, em relação ao selamento apical e adesividade à dentina / Evaluation of single-cone obturation techniques of reciprocating systems with different sealers related to the apical sealing and bond strength to dentinCarla Cristina Camilo Araujo 18 September 2014 (has links)
O objetivo deste estudo ex vivo foi avaliar o selamento apical e a resistência de união à dentina radicular da obturação de canais radiculares usando a técnica do cone único dos sistemas WaveOne e Reciproc com diferentes cimentos, em comparação à técnica da condensação lateral. Foram selecionados caninos superiores humanos cujas coroas foram removidas permanecendo as raízes com 15 mm. A amostra foi distribuída aleatoriamente de acordo com o sistema de instrumentação/ técnica de obturação: Reciproc R40/Cone único R40; WaveOne Large/Cone único Large e ProTaper Universal (até instrumento F4)/Condensação lateral. Posteriormente, 9 subgrupos (n=20) foram estruturados conforme o cimento endodôntico: AH Plus, Epiphany SE e MTA Fillapex. Após preparo biomecânico e obturação dos canais radiculares, os espécimes foram armazenados a 37°C e 100% de umidade por período correspondente a três vezes o tempo de endurecimento dos cimentos. O método de filtração de fluidos foi utilizado para verificação do selamento apical em 10 espécimes de cada subgrupo. Espécimes apenas com cone de guta-percha e sem cimento (n=6) e outros completamente impermeabilizados (n=2) foram os controles positivos e negativos, respectivamente. Dos 10 espécimes remanescentes de cada subgrupo foram obtidas fatias de dentina com 1 mm de espessura (3 por terço radicular: cervical, médio e apical), sendo 6 (2 fatias por terço) utilizadas para o teste de push-out. O tipo de falhas ocorridas após a desunião foi avaliado em microscópio óptico (25X de aumento). Dentre as outras fatias, foram selecionadas 5 de cada terço, em cada subgrupo, para análise por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) (1000X de aumento). Foram mensurados doze pontos na interface material obturador/dentina e os seguintes escores foram atribuídos para a adaptação da obturação: 0 (seções sem lacunas); 1 (seções com pequenas falhas, <1 μm); 2 (seções com muitas lacunas, entre 1 μm e 10 μm) e 3 (sem adaptação, lacunas >10 μm). Os dados de infiltração apical e resistência de união (RU) foram analisados pelo teste ANOVA duas vias e teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Os testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Student-Newman-Keuls (p<0,05) foram utilizados para análise dos dados referentes à adaptação da obturação. Em relação ao selamento apical, as três técnicas apresentaram diferenças entre si, com melhores resultados para a condensação lateral (p<0,05). A técnica WaveOne propiciou menor índice de filtração de fluido que a Reciproc, sem diferença estatisticamente significante entre os cimentos (p>0,05). As técnicas de cone único apresentaram menores valores de RU que a condensação lateral (p<0,05), enquanto nesta última técnica o cimento AH Plus apresentou os maiores valores de RU, sendo estatisticamente superior ao MTA Fillapex e Epiphany SE (p<0,05). Houve predominância de falhas adesivas à dentina no terço apical e mistas nos terços médio e cervical. A análise por MEV mostrou melhor adaptação na interface dentina/material obturador para o cimento AH Plus que para os cimentos MTA Fillapex e Epiphany SE (p<0,05). Concluiu-se que as técnicas de cone único apresentaram maior infiltração apical e menor resistência de união que a condensação lateral. Melhor adaptação marginal foi obtida com o cimento AH Plus, independentemente da técnica de obturação utilizada. / The aim of this ex vivo study was to evaluate the apical sealing and bond strength (BS) of root canal filling using single-cone from WaveOne and Reciproc systems associated to different sealers compared with the lateral condensation technique. The crowns of maxillary human canines were sectioned in order to standardize the root length to 15 mm. The sample was randomly allocated according to instrumentation system /obturation technique: R40 Reciproc file/ R40 single cone; WaveOne Large/Large single cone; ProTaper Universal (up to F4 file)/ Lateral condensation. Subsequently, 9 subgroups (n=20) were defined according to root canal sealer: AH Plus, Epiphany SE and MTA Fillapex. After the preparation and filling procedures, the specimens were stored at 37°C and 100% humidity for a period three times longer than the setting time of the sealers. The fluid filtration method was used to investigate the apical sealing in 10 specimens of each subgroup. Specimens with only cone and without sealer (n=6) and others completely sealed (n=2) were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Slices with 1 mm thickness (3 per root third: cervical, middle and apical) were obtained from the remaining specimens of each subgroup, while 6 slices (2 per third) were submitted to push-out test. Failures modes were evaluated in optical microscope (magnification 25X). Among the other slices for each experimental condition, five were selected from each third for analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (magnification 1000X). Twelve points were measured in filling material/dentin interface, and the following scores were used in order to evaluate the root filling adaptation: 0 (sections without gaps); 1 (sections with small gaps, <1μm); 2 (sections with many gaps, between 1 μm and 10 μm) and 3 (without adaptation, gaps>10 μm). The data on apical infiltration and BS were analyzed by two way ANOVA test and Tukey′s test (p<0.05). The Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Student-Newman-Keuls test (p<0.05) were used for data analysis concerning the adaptation of the root filling. Regarding the apical sealing, there was statistical difference between the obturation techniques, whereas the lateral condensation showed the best results (p<0.05). The WaveOne technique provided lower rate of fluid filtration than Reciproc, and no statistically significant differences were observed between the sealers (p>0.05). The single-cone techniques showed lower values of BS than lateral condensation, in which AH Plus showed the highest BS values, with statistical difference from MTA Fillapex and Epiphany SE (p<0.05). There was predominance of adhesive failures in the apical third and mixed failures in the middle and cervical thirds. The SEM analysis revealed better adaptation in the filling material/dentin interface for AH Plus than MTA Fillapex and Epiphany SE. It was concluded that the single-cone techniques resulted in highest apical infiltration and lowest BS than lateral condensation one. Better marginal adaptation was obtained with AH Plus, regardless of obturation technique used.
|
244 |
Avaliação da resistência à fratura vertical de dentes tratados endodonticamente com diferentes materiais obturadores / Vertical fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth with different root filling materialsLiliani Fernanda Marques Garcia 16 October 2009 (has links)
O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar comparativamente in vitro a resistência à fratura radicular de dentes tratados endodonticamente usando diferentes materiais obturadores: AH Plus (Dentsply/De Trey, Alemanha), Real Seal (Sybron Endo, EUA), GuttaFlow (Coltène/Whaledent, Suíça) , ActiV GP (Brasseler, EUA) e Thermafil (Dentsply-Tulsa Dental, EUA). Sessenta e quatro pré-molares inferiores foram divididos em Grupo Controle (n=4), onde as raízes não foram nem instrumentadas nem obturadas e outros 5 grupos de acordo com os materiais obturadores empregados: Grupo AH Plus (n=12); Grupo Real Seal (n=12); Grupo GuttaFlow (n=12); Grupo ActiV GP (n=12); Grupo Thermafil (n=12). As raízes foram instrumentadas com o sistema Protaper Universal (Dentsply-Maillefer, Suíça), e em seguida foram obturadas com os respectivos materiais. Após a obturação, todos os espécimes foram armazenados à 37º C com 100% de umidade por 72 horas e incluídos em resina acrílica. O ligamento periodontal foi simulado com Impregum, que formou uma fina camada entre a raiz e a resina acrílica. Os espécimes foram submetidos ao teste de resistência à fratura em uma máquina de ensaios triaxiais (1,0mm/min). Os valores médios obtidos e o desvio padrão (em Newtons) em ordem decrescente foram: Grupo controle 394,25 ± 56,17 N; Grupo ActiV GP 263 ± 89,32 N; Grupo Thermafil 198,17 ± 61,65 N; Grupo AH Plus 158,08 ± 31,56 N; Grupo Real Seal 154,92 ± 42,64 N e Grupo GuttaFlow 107,92 ± 20,72 N. Os dados foram submetidos aos testes ANOVA e Dunett (5%). Dentre os grupos experimentais, as raízes obturadas com ActiV GP mostraram-se mais resistentes à força vertical aplicada, porém similares aos grupos controle e Thermafil. Os grupos AH Plus, Real Seal e Thermafil mostraram-se similares estatisticamente quanto à resistência à fratura. O grupo GuttaFlow apresentou menores valores médios de resistência à fratura. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro vertical fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth using different root filling materials: AH Plus (Dentsply/De Trey, Alemanha), Real Seal (Sybron Endo, EUA), GuttaFlow (Coltène/Whaledent, Suíça) , ActiV GP (Brasseler, EUA) and Thermafil (Dentsply- Tulsa Dental, EUA). Sixty four single-rooted human lower premolar were assigned into a Control Group (n=4), where the roots were not prepared or filled, and five experimental groups (n=12) according to the root filling materials: Group AH Plus; Group Real Seal; Group GuttaFlow; Group ActiV GP; Group Thermafil. The roots were prepared using Protaper Universal system (Dentsply-Maillefer, Suíça) and filled using one of the root filling materials. Then, the specimens were stored at 37º C at 100% humidity for 72 hours and included in acrylic resin. The periodontal ligament was simulated by the use of Impregum, which made a thin layer between the root and acrylic resin. The specimens were submitted to a vertical fracture resistance using a testing machine triaxiais (1,0mm/min). The values (Newton) and standard deviations obtained were: Control Group 394,25 ± 56,17N; Group ActiV GP 263 ± 89,32N; Group Thermafil 198,17 ± 61,65N; Group AH Plus 158,08 ± 31,56N; Group Real Seal 154,92 ± 42,64N and Group GuttaFlow 107,92 ± 20,72N. The data were submitted to ANOVA e Dunett tests (5%). Among the experimental groups, roots filled with ActiV GP showed the highest values of resistance of load vertical was applied, and were similar to Control Group and Thermafil. AH Plus, Real Seal and Thermafil groups showed statistical similar fracture resistance. GuttaFlow Group showed the lowest values of fracture resistance.
|
245 |
Image Completion Using Local ImagesDalkvist, Mikael January 2011 (has links)
Image completion is a process of removing an area from a photograph and replacing it with suitable data. Earlier methods either search for this relevant data within the image itself, or extends the search to some form of additional data, usually some form of database. Methods that search for suitable data within the image itself has problems when no suitable data can be found in the image. Methods that extend their search has in earlier work either used some form of database with labeled images or a massive database with photos from the Internet. For the labels in a database to be useful they typically needs to be entered manually, which is a very time consuming process. Methods that uses databases with millions of images from the Internet has issues with copyrighted images, storage of the photographs and computation time. This work shows that a small database of the user’s own private, or professional, photos can be used to improve the quality of image completions. A photographer today typically take many similar photographs on similar scenes during a photo session. Therefore a smaller number of images are needed to find images that are visually and structurally similar, than when random images downloaded from the internet are used. Thus, this approach gains most of the advantages of using additional data for the image completions, while at the same time minimizing the disadvantages. It gains a better ability to find suitable data without having to process millions of irrelevant photos.
|
246 |
Développement et étude de la biocompatibilité d'un ciment composite phosphate de calcium-strontium et PLAGA à usages orthopédiques / Development and biocompatibility study of a new Strontium containning calcium phosphate cement and PLAGA composite for orthopaedics applications.Romieu, Guilhem 11 March 2011 (has links)
Ce travail porte sur la mise au point, le développement et l’étude de la dégradation et de la biocompatibilité d’un nouveau ciment phosphocalcique modifié par ajout de strontium. Un ciment composite formé par l’insertion de microsphère de PLAGA a aussi été développé. Ces ciments ont un intérêt thérapeutique en orthopédie et en chirurgie maxillo-faciale pour le comblement ou le renforcement osseux. Les caractéristiques mécaniques, rhéologiques et radiologiques du ciment et du composite ont été évaluées et optimisées pour rendre leurs formulations à la fois résistantes, injectables et radio-opaque. Un travail de développement à été mené pour répondre au mieux au cahier des charges clinique de ce type de substitut osseux. La chimie de la réaction au sein du ciment à été étudiée pour connaître les mécanismes réactionnels, l’évolution et le produit final de la réaction de prise. Des tests in vitro sur la dégradation par dissolution passive des constituants du ciment et du composite ont été réalisés ainsi que l’étude de la biocompatibilité sur des cultures cellulaires. Des expérimentations animales sur la peau de souris et sur le tibia de lapin ont permis de confirmer la biocompatibilité du ciment et du composite et de donner une première évaluation de sa résorption et de son remplacement par du tissu osseux néo formé. / The aim of this thesis is to design and develop a new calcium phosphate cement modified by addition of strontium and a composite cement formed by the insertion of PLAGA microspheres.These cements have a therapeutic interest in orthopaedic and maxillofacial surgery for bone filling or reinforcement.The mechanical, rheological and radiological properties of cement and composite were evaluated and optimized to improve their mechanical strength, injectability and radio-opacity. Development works were conducted to meet clinical specifications required for this type of bone substitute.The cement chemistry was studied to determine the reaction mechanisms, evolution and the final product of the setting reaction. In vitro tests on the degradation of cement components and composites were performed and the biocompatibility was studied by cell cultures.Animal experiments on mouse skin and rabbit tibia have confirmed the biocompatibility of these cements and provide a preliminary assessment of its resorption and replacement by newly formed bone tissue.
|
247 |
Plnění rozpočtu v konkrétních podmínkách obce Podolí / Filling budget on concrete conditions of community PodolíNováčková, Barbora January 2008 (has links)
The theoretic part deals position of municipality, its finance and budget. It briefs of trend in public administration. The theoretic knowledge are shown by means of practical example. The budget of municipality Podolí is subjected to analysis and reviewed throug ratio self-financing and self-support.
|
248 |
Plnění rozpočtu v konkrétních podmínkách města Most / Filling budget in concrete conditions of the town MostViktorová, Veronika January 2008 (has links)
The thesis deals problem of municipality's budget management with a view to filling budget of concrete town of the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into two main parts. The theoretical part defines position, competency and authorities of municipality and it describes budget of municipality, budget process and structure of budget more closely. The problem is demonstrated further on practical example of the town Most. In the practical part there is realized detailed analysis of filling budget earnings and expenses and there is reviewed overall budget management of the town Most during the years 2004-2007.
|
249 |
Obsazování volných služebních míst u Policie ČR / Filling vacancies with the Police of the Czech RepublicMachková, Michaela January 2014 (has links)
The aim of the thesis is to analyse the process of filling vacancies with the Police of the Czech Republic, to identify the advantages of the process in use, and its disadvantages and to suggest suitable actions to solve the identified problems. The theoretical part of the thesis introduces the base for reaching the defined aim, it concerns HR activities prior to filling vacancies, filling vacancies itself, recruitment, selection and hiring the employees and their adaptation. The theoretical findings are applied to the Police of the Czech Republic in the practical part of the thesis. The system of recruitment, selection, hiring and adapting policemen is described and evaluated in the practical part. Consequently, possible suggestions to improve the current situation are presented in relevant chapters.
|
250 |
Análise em microtomografia computadorizada do preparo e obturação em canais mesiais de molares inferiores /Pinto, Jáder Camilo. January 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Mário Tanomaru Filho / Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar preparo e dilatação adicional com instrumentos de NiTi tratados termicamente em movimento rotatório ou reciprocante, capacidade de preenchimento pelas técnicas de onda contínua de condensação (OCC) ou compactação lateral (CL) e por OCC com cimentos AH Plus (AHP) ou Neo MTA Plus (NMTAP) em raízes mesiais de molares inferiores. Metodologia: Molares inferiores com dois canais radiculares e curvatura entre 20° e 40° foram preparados (n=24) por ProDesign Logic (PDL) 25.01 e 25.06 em movimento rotatório e ProDesign R (PDR) 25.06 em movimento reciprocante. Dilatação adicional foi realizada com PDL35.01 e PDL35.05 ou PDR35.05. Canais preparados por PDL35.05 foram obturados (n=12) por CL ou OCC, associados a AHP. Canais preparados por PDR35.05 foram obturados por OCC e AHP ou NMTAP. Escaneamentos com 9 µm foram realizados com Micro-CT (SkyScan 1176) antes e após o preparo, após a dilatação adicional e após a obturação. Percentual de aumento volumétrico (%AV), debris (%D) e superfície não instrumentada (%SNI), transporte, centralização e tempo de preparo foram analisados. Análises volumétricas foram realizadas para determinação do percentual de material obturador e de falhas como um todo e em cada terço dos canais radiculares. Os testes estatísticos ANOVA e Tukey ou Kruskall-Wallis e Dunn foram realizados (P<0,05). Publicação 1 - Resultados: PDL25.06 promoveu maior %AV no terço apical e menor %D e %SNI em comparação ao PDR25.06 (P<0,05). Após dilatação adicional PDL35... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate root canal preparation and additional enlargement using NiTi instruments thermally treated in rotary or reciprocating motion, filling capacity by continuous wave of condensation (CWC) or lateral compaction (LC) and CWC using AH Plus (AHP) or Neo MTA Plus (NMTAP) in mesial roots of mandibular molars. Methods: Mesial roots of mandibular molars, degree of curvature between 20° and 40°, were prepared (n=24) by ProDesign Logic (PDL) 25.01 and 25.06 in rotating motion or ProDesign R (PDR) 25.06 in reciprocating motion. Additional enlargement was performed using PDL 35.01 and 35.05 or PDR 35.05. Root canals prepared by PDL 35.05 were filled (n=12) by LC or CWC, associated with AHP. Root canals prepared by PDR 35.05 were filled by CWC associated with AHP or NMTAP. Scanning with 9μm resolution were performed by Micro-CT (SkyScan 1176) before and after preparation, after additional enlargement and after filling. Percentage increase in volume (%VI), debris (%D) and uninstrumented surface (%US), root canal transportation, centralization and preparation time were analysed. Volumetric analyzes were performed to determine the percentage of obturator material and voids as a whole and in each third of the root canals. ANOVA and Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests were used (α=0.05). Publication 1 - Results: PDL 25.06 promoted higher %VI in the apical third and lower %D and %US compared to PDR 25.06 (P<0.05). After additional enlargement, ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
|
Page generated in 0.1578 seconds