‘Towards Intercultural Documentary’ is a PhD by Published Work that is comprised of four documentary films, an exhibition catalogue essay and an academic book chapter to form a collective body of work in film and text focused on what Rughani proposes as ‘intercultural documentary practice’. This body of work configures ‘intercultural documentary practice’ as a space or arena in which people of radically different perspectives encounter the other.1 Intercultural documentary aspires to create pluralised spaces of exchange by engaging difference within and between communities. In this work, voices traditionally overlooked, excluded or edged to the cultural margins are re-framed to find a new centrality in a broader encounter, more accurately reflecting the diverse influences that comprise polyglot societies. In the United Kingdom (UK) context, three submitted films, broadcast to peak-time audiences on BBC 2 and Channel 4, stood in contradistinction to mainstream narratives that typically portrayed British experience as largely monocultural and homogeneous. The contribution to knowledge of this thesis is in deepening and extending the dynamics of documentary practice to embrace intercultural communication and to weld this to the ethics of documentary making. In so doing, this body of work situates ethics as central to the documentary encounter and offers new practice-based insights into navigating tensions in the process of making such work and its methodologies. ‘Towards Intercultural Documentary’ presents a case for the coherence of the body of work that makes a contribution to knowledge at the inter-disciplinary confluence of: documentary studies and practice, ethics and intercultural communication. The submission comprises: Islam and the Temple of’ ‘Ilm’ (BBC 2, 1990); One of the Family (Channel 4, 2000); Playing Model Soldiers (Channel 4, 2000); Glass Houses (British Council, 2004); the exhibition catalogue essay British Homeland in Home (British Council, 2004) and the book chapter ‘Are You a Vulture? Reflecting on the ethics and aesthetics of coverage of atrocity and its aftermath, in Peace Journalism (Peter Lang, 2010).

<p>This thesis claims that between 1928 and 1934, technological developments, along with cultural shifts in the acceptance of machines in American society, led the studio away from the abstract style of their silent films toward the naturalism that would work to create the illusion of the fantasy worlds of Disney?s full-length feature films.

<p> In 2005, materials from Hungarian composer Mikl&oacute;s R&oacute;zsa's personal collection were donated to Syracuse University. Among them were copies of materials used in the recording of the original film score to the 1946 movie, <i>The Killers</i>. In this report, these materials are analyzed and compared to the concert suite that was orchestrated by Patrick Russ and John Kull at the request of the composer. This comparison is augmented by an analysis of each of the score's themes including their cinematic functions and discussion of <i>The Killers</i>' origin as a short story by Ernest Hemingway. A brief historical overview of Rozsa's life and notable works is also included.</p>

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This research develops an understanding of the ‘view’ as a historicised and contemporary socio‐political mediation. What is posited as a view, and its signification, as a view, is how we experience, understand and relate to others and the world around us. The thesis offers a re‐interpretation of accepted modes of viewing, what is viewed, and a re­‐presentation of viewed imagery, in order to question and propose how might we better relate to, and function in, the production of social space. The premise of the enquiry is that the ‘view’, is a visual, spatial, and conceptual ideologically political position that shapes our relationship as citizens societally and to public space. The ‘image’ of, and as, a view, and point of view, permeates society. In our contemporary times of socio‐political instability, it becomes prescient to question the ‘view’, how it is constructed, and how it operates. The approach of this enquiry is interdisciplinary using a dialectic process of theoretical and practical sources. It draws on theories of space exploration, film studies, religion, photography, popular culture, geography, politics, contemporary visual culture, historical painting, architecture, and urban regeneration. The practice of lens‐based moving and still image, and the contexts within which the works have been created as research, are temporal and spatial. Journeys have been undertaken to acquire ‘views’ by hot-air balloon, by cable car, up tall buildings, by train, and by foot as a key method of investigation. The rhythm of the text in the thesis reflects this method of temporality, and spatiality. With the practice interlinked throughout, and with the text, in the guise of image inserts, the structure of each of the three chapters enacts a positionality from the perspective of a visual, spatial, and conceptual vantage point as a means of guiding the reader/viewer through the research.

An exploration of the applicability of Linda Aronson's flashback theory as a framework for the practice of screenwriting. This practice-based PhD comprises an original screenplay for a biopic of the life and trial of 20th century Scottish medium Helen Duncan, entitled Hellish Nell, and a thesis which reflects the process of writing the script using Linda Aronson's flashback narrative structures. The central focus of this thesis is to explore the applicability of Aronson's theoretical frameworks first circulated in Screen writing Updated in 2000 through the various stages of script development. The Introduction examines what a flashback is and its uses. It sets out Linda Aronson's theoretical framework on flashback narrative structure, in particular her theory on case history and thwarted dream. It also reviews the historical sources of my screenplay and examines the creative practice of exploring through biographic drama a complex and unresolved historical figure. Chapter One investigates Aronson's flashback theory in more detail, how it is assessed and applied. It also explores the issues attendant upon writing biographical drama with specific reference to Aronson's framework. It also examines her three sub-sets and explains why they were excluded from my development work. Finally it covers what areas will be investigated in more detail in the rest of the thesis. Chapter Two sets up the background and story of Helen Duncan, the Scottish medium and psychic. It then focuses on Aronson's thwarted dream and case history narrative structures, and the results that arose from testing their applicability against my own writing practice. The first section deals with the examination of Aronson's thwarted dream narrative structure through the development of Surfacing for Air, my initial attempt at a screenplay. The results were of paramount importance as it was through this initial investigation that the significance of theme and genre were first identified. It also painted to the crucial role of point-of-view. This led to these areas of concern being explored further in the examination of Aronson's case history narrative structure, through the development of the final screenplay, Hellish Nell. The second section explores the development of this screenplay and also assesses the applicability of case history to my own script and writing practice. It illustrates the details of the amendments and the decisions involved in those changes and an analysis of the stages of my research development. It also investigates the impact of genre and theme in determining the content of the links between present and past stories. Chapter Three analyses four contemporary films which involve flashbacks in the light of Aronson's theoretical framework and tests the impact of genre and theme when deciding where the dramatic connections should be between past and present stories and in determining their content. The conclusion provides a modified version of Aronson's flashback theory in the light of the research and analysis undertaken. It also provides new additional questions based on the use of genre and theme when assessing the content of flashback sequences.

This thesis examines the nature of the relationship between documentary and social practices. In particular it seeks to develop and theorise a mode of documentary practice in which social practices in general are dialogised rather than represented. I characterise social practices as consisting of a largely tacit consensus in ways of acting and understanding. This consensus is, I argue however, inherently open to re-evaluation and re-articulation in practice itself; and it is as part of rather than as a representation of-such processes that dialogical documentary operates. In the written thesis, which discusses a number of specific documentaries in relation to their overall approach to practices, I argue for a mode of documentary based not in representational strategies of external observation and objective overview, but rather in the dialogising of moments of practice. An act that has been dialogised is revealed as involving a degree of ambiguity or heterogeneity-and hence the possibility of a re-evaluation, i. e., re-negotiation of practices themselves. For dialogical documentary objective representation is neither means nor goal; on the contrary tendential intervention becomes a legitimate and central method-both in the local situation, where the filmmaking process provokes behaviour and reflection rather than merely recording it; and on the level of public discourse, to which the documentary raises particular instances of practice by enunciating them, or allowing them to be enunciated, within a discursive field. These concerns are directly reflected in the main practice element of the thesis-a documentary project exploring the rehearsal of a piece of music by Christian Wolff called Changing the System (1973). This exploration is based around the score of the piece, which, offering different possibilities for its realisation, both on the macro and micro level, requires explicit dialogical interaction between the players.

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abstract: Esta disertación analiza las maneras en que el sujeto (in)migratorio es representado en el cine español y argentino de los últimos años. El estudio investiga cómo el cine del (in)migrante ofrece convincentes narraciones (no)ficticias que son aportadas con temas de raza, género, lenguaje e identidad desde ambas perspectivas del sujeto migratorio y de aquellos ubicados dentro de las culturas "indígenas" de recepción. Al cuestionar la conceptualización de la nación-estado, este proyecto contribuye a una base teórica fundada en una ruptura de las nociones hegemónicas que han construido opiniones de diferencia y aceptación de una persona sobre otro. En términos de lenguaje, este estudio es relevante por su análisis del discurso y epítetos raciales que existen y persisten debido a parámetros y limitaciones en el lenguaje Castellano y su léxica inherente. Equipado con esto es la propuesta de que si nuestra lengua tiene un registro inadecuado para interactuar con el supuesto otro, entonces solo se puede concluir que nosotros también estamos limitados en nuestro entendimiento de otros sujetos globales. De allí, una mejora del lenguaje resultaría en una mejora de sensibilidades culturales y globales. Además, la representación del género y la raza son puntos importantes para una interpretación semiótica de estos textos y se observa las maneras en que los temas socio-lingüísticos son triangulados entre las películas, los países y las sociedades de tales producciones culturales. Por ejemplo, las mujeres están sujetas a puestos restringidos e inferiores del sector de servicio, como prostitutas y mucamas, mientras los hombres están atados a cuestionables formas de trabajo en la agricultura y servicios sociales de baja categoría. Al final de todo, un mayor empuje detrás de este género fílmico subversivo es romper con las erróneas, anticuadas y precipitadas nociones de identidades nacionales para incitar deseables sensibilidades culturales a través de la lente artística del cine. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Spanish 2012

abstract: In two separate publications, the average patterns of, and individual differences in, preschoolers' selective attention processes were investigated using a multilevel modeling framework. In Publication 1, using two independent samples (Ns= 42, 75), preschoolers' selective attention towards different types of emotions (both positive and negative) was examined using two eye-tracking tasks. The results showed that, on average, children selectively attended to valenced emotional information more than neutral emotional information. In addition, a majority of children were able to detect the different emotional stimulus among three neutral stimuli during the visual search task. Children were more likely to detect angry than sad emotional expressions among neutral faces; however, no difference was found between detection of angry and happy faces among neutral faces. In Publication 2, the associations of children's anger and sadness proneness to their attention biases towards anger and sad emotional information, respectively, and the relations of these biases to various aspects children's social functioning and adjustment were examined among preschool-aged children (N = 75). Children's predisposition to anger and sadness were shown to be related to attentional biases towards those specific emotions, particularly if children lacked the ability to regulate their attention. Similarly, components of attention regulation played an important role in moderating the associations of biases towards angry information to aggressive behaviors, social competence, and anxiety symptoms. Biases towards sadness were unrelated to maladjustment or social functioning. Findings were discussed in terms of the importance of attention biases and attention regulation as well as the implications of the findings for attention training programs. &#8195; / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Family and Human Development 2014