The effective and efficient management of personal finances is critical for everyone, particularly in a world where uncertainties prevail. Owing to continuous change, new financial challenges frequently confront individuals that culminate ultimately in uncertainties concerning individuals’ financial position and future. Having low levels of debt, an active savings and retirement plan, as well as following an expenditure plan, will lead to financial wellness, which demonstrates an active state of financial wealth. A comprehensive financial plan makes individuals attentive when dealing with financial issues, and acts as a guide when making financial decisions. Owing to insufficient financial literacy and skills, personal financial management is challenging and often results in erroneous financial decisions. Financial knowledge forms the basis for financial skills and competence, which are influenced by personal attitudes in both spending and saving. Therefore, in order to plan effectively, and control and manage financial risks and opportunities in the future, financial skills and abilities are essential. Adequate financial knowledge and skills lead to effective personal financial management and sound financial decisions in the short-term as well as in the long-term. Planning for financial independence should start as early as possible during the financial life cycle, usually at 18 years of age. Students are a rewarding market for financial institutions such as banks, insurance companies, pension funds and brokerage companies, potentially leading the way forward to establish brand-loyalty throughout adulthood. However, the lack of financial management and planning experience, as well as financial literacy and financial skills, make students particularly susceptible to the aggressive marketing tactics of financial institutions, which may be harmful to students’ financial freedom. As such, financial institutions and professionals have to gauge effective ways to convey financial knowledge and product information to a target market to deliver improved financial service as well as understand the relevant consumer behavioural aspects of a target market when developing marketing strategies. Published literature on the South African Generation Y consumer behaviour is limited and none that is focused specifically on attitudes towards personal financial planning, financial literacy and perceived personal financial management skills of the significantly sized black Generation Y cohort. This cohort is defined as individuals born between 1986 and 2005. In South Africa, Generation Y individuals accounted for 38 present of the South African population, with the black Generation Y individuals representing 83 present of this generational cohort. Additionally, the black Generation Y cohort of South Africa account for approximately 32 present of the total population, resulting in a highly salient market segment. Of particular interest to marketers and professionals, including financial institutions and those involved in financial management, especially financial planning, are those individuals attaining tertiary qualifications, and as such they are likely to enjoy higher earnings and a higher social standing, which together is likely to make them opinion leaders and trendsetters amongst their peers. The primary objective of this study was to investigate black Generation Y students’ knowledge of and attitudes towards personal financial management within the South African context. The target population, relevant to this study, was defined as full-time undergraduate black Generation Y students, aged between 18 and 24 years, enrolled at South African registered public higher education institutions (HEIs). From the sampling frame, comprising 23 registered South African public HEIs, one traditional university and one university of technology located in the Gauteng province, were selected using a judgement sampling method. A convenience sample of 400 full-time black Generation Y students, who were enrolled at these two South African HEIs during 2013, was drawn for this study. To conduct this study, a structured format was applied where lecturers of the applicable classes were contacted and permission was requested to carry out the survey. Thereafter, during the scheduled class times of the full-time undergraduate students, hand delivered self-administered questionnaires were distributed for completion, which were collected thereafter. The students’ attitudes towards personal financial planning were measured on a six-point Likert scale, whereby participants were requested to indicate the extent of their agreement/disagreement with items pertaining to personal financial planning. The students’ financial literacy was measured, using multiple-choice questions, whereby the students were asked to choose one of the four alternatives provided. The students’ perceived personal financial management skills were measured on a six-point Likert scale, whereby the participants were requested to indicate the extent of their agreement/disagreement with items pertaining to personal financial management skills. Additionally, certain demographical data were requested from the participants. The findings of this study indicate that South African black Generation Y students exhibit a positive attitude towards personal financial planning, have low levels of financial literacy and perceive themselves as being equipped with having the necessary personal financial management skills. More specifically, students’ attitudes towards estate planning were ranked the highest, whereas attitudes towards the financial planning process were raked the lowest. In terms of financial literacy, students scored the highest in general financial knowledge and the lowest in spending related financial literacy questions. Students’ perceptions towards decision-making skills were rated the highest, whereas stress management skills were rated the lowest. Insights gained from this study will help academics, government, financial institutions and other economic role players understand current black Generation Y consumers’ attitudes towards personal financial planning, their level of financial literacy and their perceived personal financial management skills. / MCom (Business Management), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2014

Thesis (Ph.D. (Chartered Accountancy))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.

Thesis (Ph.D. (Chartered Accountancy))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.

Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University (Macquarie Graduate School of Management), 2006. / Bibliography: p. 242-259. / The research objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between an individual's involvement and their behaviour to prepare financially for retirement. More particularly, to determine if there is a significant positive relationship between involvement and their financial preparation for retirement, to establish whether the influence of involvement is moderated by an individual's age, income or gender, their level of education or the number of dependents they support, and to explore the role of involvement in how and why individuals form opinions about financial preparation for retirement. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / xiv, 259 p

The aim of this thesis "Long-term and Short-term Financial Planning of the Company" was to indicate the substance and aims of financial management in the area of liquidity. To evaluate financial strategies and importance of the net working capital management. To analyse liquidity over the last three years at a particular company based on the obtained data and to create the financial plan for the next period. The theoretical part is focused on the issue of financial planning. Principles and methods of planning were explained and the specifics of long-term and short-term financial planning were described. In the practical part the selected company and construction sector were characterized. After the evaluation of company´s financial situation, based on selected indicators of financial analysis, planned changes in the company were described. Then the financial plan was created. Afterwards, development of financial indicators throughout the plan period was evaluated. In conclusion overall economic situation was summarized.

The aim of this work was to bring the basics and goals of the financial management of liquidity and an assessment of liquidity of the specific company. The main company working is Operation of hotel Slunečná louka. For analysis were used data from financial statements of the monitored enterprise.Evalution of liquidity was carried throuth liquidity indicators, ratios, diferential indicators. It was assembled annual financial plan for next year.

Background: Unawareness of most students about how to save and increase their money and changes in global economic conditions create new opportunities and challenges in international business and investment field. Lack of interest from investment companies, banks, funds, estate sellers and rialtos to this interesting and growing group of people, where even bringing up future clients in this young adults can play a big role in future success of the company. Behavior of students and young people is poorly researched, though they often dispose large sums of their own and their parent’s money. Purpose: understand specifics of Russian and Swedish customers, clarify whether they are planning their finance or not, how are they included into rational income allocation process. Find out how illiteracy in financial sphere between exploring group of people affects the behavior of Swedish and Russian citizens towards planning and what are the main differences between this groups. Method: Content analysis Results and contribution: This thesis extends the higher educational literature in the field of personal finance planning by making a contribution to enrichment of knowledge and identification of the main trends in the behavior of young people. The differences between Russians and Swedes will help state governments to make their society more educated and rationale in choosing ways to invest and disburse money and companies from investing field to attract more clients and gain revenue. The new openings can provide a framework for further research.

[pt] O estudo de finanças comportamentais é relativamente recente, em especial no Brasil. Considerando o aumento da participação das mulheres no mercado de trabalho e do seu nível educacional, o presente estudo está replicando uma pesquisa norte americana que busca avaliar as diferenças à tolerância a risco entre cônjuges. O presente estudo será desenvolvido em três etapas: 1) Reprodução da análise efetuada pelos autores (Gilliam, Goetz e Hampton, 2008) onde os procedimentos estatísticos adotados serão igualmente reproduzidos. A amostra piloto deste estudo foi constituída de 78 casais. Nesta avaliação foi utilizada uma escala de risco que variará de 1 a 4, onde 4 significará tolerância ao risco máximo e 1 nenhuma tolerância a risco. 2) Análise do resultado encontrado na pesquisa piloto realizando-se toda uma comparação entre risco assumido e as variáveis demográficas e econômicas consideradas no estudo. A diferença desta etapa para a anterior e que nesta parte consideraremos o limite de significância estatística da amostra colhida. 3) Finalmente será realizada uma crítica estatística a todo o procedimento adotado. O objetivo aqui é permitir que no futuro o estudo possa ser reproduzido de forma estritamente técnico cientifico. Concluímos que a amostra apresenta (a) que os maridos possuem maior tolerância a risco que suas esposas e (b) que quanto maior o nível educacional maior a tolerância a risco. Entendemos que o tema deve ser aprofundado sendo de grande valia, em especial, para assessores financeiros e instituições financeiras, para avaliar a tolerância a risco entre cônjuges e melhor orientá-los na adequação de seus investimentos ao seu perfil de risco. / [en] The study of behavioral finance is relatively recent, particularly in Brazil. Considering the increased participation of women in the labor market and rising education levels, this study replicates North American research and seeks to evaluate the differences in risk tolerance between spouses. This study was developed in three steps: 1) Replication of the analysis and statistical procedures of Gilliam, Goetz and Hampton (2008). Our pilot study sample consisted of 78 couples. In this evaluation we employed a risk scale that varied from 1 to 4, 4 being maximum risk tolerance and 1 zero risk tolerance. 2) Analyses in the pilot study resulted from performing a comparison of all risk behaviors and the demographic and economic variables. The difference between the previous step and this one is that here we considered the limit of statistical significance in the sample. 3) Finally we applied a critical statistic to all procedures. The objective was to ensure that future studies can be reproduced in a strictly critical statistic. We concluded that (a) husbands had a higher risk tolerance than their wives, and (b) higher educational level increased risk tolerance. We believe the matter should be investigated as it is of great value, particularly for financial advisors and institutions in order to assess risk tolerance between spouses and better guide them in adjusting their investment risk profiles.

With the increasing demand for financial planners, financial planning organisations need to understand the factors influencing organisational commitment in order to achieve a committed and loyal workforce. The purpose of this study was therefore two-fold. Firstly, the study intended to contribute to the more effective functioning of financial planning organisations through the successful retention of valuable human resources, and secondly, to expand the current body of knowledge on financial planning organisations in South Africa and abroad. Considering the purpose of this study, its primary objective was to investigate the influence of selected organisational-related factors on the Affective, Normative and Continuance commitment of financial planners currently employed in the financial planning industry in South Africa. Based on an extensive review of business management, industrial psychology, as well as human resource management literature and research (focusing on the vast amount of secondary sources available on organisational commitment), a hypothesised model illustrating the relationships between selected organisational-related factors and the three dimensions of organisational commitment was proposed. Twelve independent variables were hypothesised to influence the three dependent variables, namely the Affective, Normative and Continuance commitment of financial planners. The twelve independent variables included: Compensation, Distributive justice, Job autonomy, Job security, Organisational communication, Organisational support, Physical working conditions, Promotional opportunities, Psychological contract fulfilment, Training and development, Transformational leadership and Trust. In addition, nine demographic variables (Gender, Race, Age, Organisational tenure, Qualification, CFP status, Tied agent status, Salary structure and Organisational type) were identified. All of the dependent and independent variables in this study were clearly defined and operationalised using items from previously validated measuring instruments, in addition to several self-generated items based on secondary sources. Questionnaires were made available to potential respondents through the use of convenience snowball sampling. A total of 231 useable questionnaires were returned which were then analysed statistically. As a result of an exploratory factor analysis (EFA), the original operationalisations, hypothesised model, as well as the hypotheses were revised. Additionally, a new, combined factor emerged, namely Job security and promotional opportunities. The proposed model of factors was subsequently empirically tested by means of structural equation modelling (SEM). In order to carry out the statistical analysis, three submodels were created. The hypothesised model was revised and the redefined hypothesised relationships were given in path diagrams for each of the three submodels. The influence of the various demographic variables on Affective, Normative and Continuance commitment were assessed by means of an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and t-tests. A number of organisational-related factors were identified as influencing the dependent variables of this study, namely: Compensation, Organisational support, Distributive justice, Job security and promotional opportunities, as well as Training and development. In particular, Compensation and Organisational support were found to influence Affective commitment, while Distributive justice, Job security and promotional opportunities as well as Training and development were found to influence Normative commitment. Additionally, Organisational support and Job security and promotional opportunities were found to influence Continuance commitment. By investigating selected organisational-related factors influencing the three dimensions of organisational commitment, the study was able to provide practical recommendations to organisations in order to increase the Affective, Normative and Continuance commitment of their financial planners.

The aim of the thesis is to determine the value of the company Okna Macek, s.r.o. Theoretic part of the work deals with techniques, methods, and tools of company evaluation. Practical part applies these methods to the company. In introduction there are mentioned basic information on the firm, organizational structure and product assortment. Then strategic analysis follows , which consists of analysis of development of macro-environment and micro-environment. Financial analysis rates of performance of the company by using methods of absolute, ratio and global indicators and interfirm comparison. Than the plan of generators of value is processed, i. e. incomes and outcomes, investments and working capital. On its base there are set planned financial statements, i. e. balance, income sheet and cash flow. In the final part the company is avaluated using two - phase discounted cash flow method in the version of FCFE. Discount rate is assumed with the aid of CAPM method and sectional INFA model. At the conclusion of the thesis there is the valuation statement.