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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Tree-Ring Based Reconstructions of Disturbance and Growth Dynamics in Several Deciduous Forest Ecosystems

McEwan, Ryan W. 06 October 2006 (has links)
No description available.
32

Fire and stand dynamics in different forest types of the West Khentey Mountains, Mongolia / Feuer- und Bestandesdynamik in verschiedenen Waldgesellschaften des West Khentey Gebirges, Mongolei

Byambasuren, Oyunsanaa 07 July 2011 (has links)
No description available.
33

Fire History and Natural Succession after Forest Fires in Pine-Oak Forest: / An Investigation in the Ecological Park Chipinque, Northeast Mexico / Waldbrandgeschichte und natürliche Sukzession nach Waldbränden in Kiefern-Eichen-Mischwäldern: / Eine Untersuchung in dem Naturpark Chipinque, Nordost-Mexiko

González Tagle, Marco Aurelio 24 February 2005 (has links)
No description available.
34

Natural and Anthropogenic Influences on the Holocene Fire and Vegetation History of the Willamette Valley, Northwest Oregon and Southwest Washington

Walsh, Megan Kathleen, 1976- 12 1900 (has links)
xvii, 382 p. : ill. (some col.), maps. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / The debate concerning the role of natural versus anthropogenic burning in shaping the prehistoric vegetation patterns of the Willamette Valley of Oregon and Washington remains highly contentious. To address this, pollen and high-resolution charcoal records obtained from lake sediments were analyzed to reconstruct the Holocene fire and vegetation history, in order to assess the relative influence of climate variability and anthropogenic activity on those histories. Two sites provided information on the last 11,000 years. At one site at the northern margin of the Willamette Valley, shifts in fire activity and vegetation compared closely with millennial- and centennial-time scale variations in climate, and there was no evidence that anthropogenic burning affected the natural fire-climate linkages prior to Euro-American arrival. In contrast, the fire and vegetation history at a site in the central Willamette Valley showed relatively little vegetation change in response to both millennial- and centennial-scale climate variability, but fire activity varied widely in both frequency and severity. A comparison of this paleoecological reconstruction with archaeological evidence suggests that anthropogenic burning near the site may have influenced middle- to late-Holocene fire regimes. The fire history of the last 1200 years was compared at five sites along a north-south transect through the Willamette Valley. Forested upland sites showed stronger fire-climate linkages and little human influence, whereas lowland sites located in former prairie and savanna showed temporal patterns in fire activity that suggest a significant human impact. A decline in fire activity at several sites in the last 600 years was attributed to the effects of a cooling climate as well as the decline of Native American populations. The impacts of Euro-American settlement on the records include dramatic shifts in vegetation assemblages and large fire events associated with land clearance. The results of this research contribute to our understanding of long-term vegetation dynamics and the role of fire, both natural- and human-ignited, in shaping ecosystems, as well as provide an historical context for evaluating recent shifts in plant communities in the Willamette Valley. / Advisers: Cathy Whitlock, Patrick J. Bartlein
35

A Century of Disturbance and Dynamics During the Establishment of White Oak (Quercus Alba) Dominance in Forests of Southeastern Ohio: Implications for Sustainable Forest Management

Butterfield, Peter Gerard 15 May 2023 (has links)
No description available.
36

Influence du régime des feux d'aménagement sur la structure ligneuse des savanes nord-soudaniennes dans le Parc du W, Sud Ouest Niger / Prescribed fires regime impacts on the woody structure of North-Sudanian savannas in the W Park, South-Western Niger

Diouf, Abdoulaye 30 November 2012 (has links)
L'équilibre arbre-herbe dans la savane tropicale est reconnu comme l'une des principales<p>énigmes de l'écologie des plantes. Les origines du difficile équilibre entre ces formes de vie<p>sur des dizaines de millions de kilomètres carrés à l'échelle mondiale sont en partie attribuées<p>aux perturbations fréquentes induites par les feux de végétation dont les effets varient dans<p>l'espace et dans le temps selon les conditions environnementales. Les résultats de recherche<p>dépendent de l’échelle et les conclusions tirées d’études locales sont rarement transposables à<p>d’autres échelles. La question du transfert d'échelle s’avère donc cruciale dans l'étude des<p>effets du feu, et nécessite une approche transdisciplinaire.<p>En raison de la variété des échelles couvertes, cette étude constitue une première dans la<p>confrontation de données sur l’historique des feux dérivé de l'imagerie satellitaire à des<p>données de terrain incluant des mesures détaillées sur la structure et la composition de<p>végétation, ainsi que des propriétés édaphiques et topographiques. Elle s’est focalisée sur la<p>composante ligneuse de par son caractère pérenne et son influence sur les processus<p>écologiques majeurs. Sur une zone de plus de 2000 km², le Parc National du W du Niger<p>(PNWN), où le feu est utilisé comme outil pour la gestion et la conservation des écosystèmes<p>semi-arides, une carte de l'historique des feux a été élaborée à partir d'images MODIS de 250<p>m de résolution spatiale et de résolution temporelle journalière couvrant une période de sept<p>années (2002-2009). Pour comprendre la variabilité, à la fois dans l'espace et le temps, de la<p>propagation du feu dans la végétation, nous avons étudié les caractéristiques de distribution<p>des feux en termes de régime du feu (i.e. période d'occurrence et fréquence) et de structure<p>spatiale (métriques paysagères). Les relations causales plausibles entre les régimes du feu, les<p>conditions édaphiques et topographiques à l'échelle régionale comme locale, et les<p>caractéristiques de la végétation ligneuse (composition et structure) ont été examinées à<p>travers des analyses multivariées et des modèles d'équations structurales. Nous avons aussi<p>examiné plus en détails les stratégies adaptatives mises en oeuvre par les ligneux, et les<p>interactions biologiques qui sous-tendent l'organisation spatiale des ligneux à travers une<p>approche des processus ponctuels.<p>Les résultats montrent que l'activité du feu dans le PNWN se caractérise par une hétérogénéité<p>spatio-temporelle induite principalement par les conditions édapho-topographiques via la<p>structure de la végétation ligneuse. Les feux précoces de gestion créent des pare-feux<p>efficaces, limitant une large extension des feux de saison tardifs. Cependant, ces feux tardifs<p>pourraient ne pas être aussi destructifs comme qu’on le suppose généralement. En effet,<p>l'adaptation des espèces aux différents régimes defeu correspond à des stratégies de croissance<p>contrastées. Dans le cas des feux tardifs, les surfaces terrières et hauteurs moyennes les plus<p>fortes sont rencontrées, permettant aux arbres de résister au feu. Quant aux zones non<p>affectées par les feux l'analyse "patron-processus" désigne clairement la facilitation entre<p>ligneux comme un processus fondamental de l'organisation spatiale périodique du couvert, une<p>structure émergente qui empêche le passage du feu. Bien qu’ils ne se substituent pas aux<p>études expérimentales, ces résultats basés sur une expérimentation naturelle à large échelle<p>apportent des informations nouvelles précieuses tant au niveau fondamental que pour la mise<p>en place d'une gestion raisonnée du PNWN.<p><p><p>The tree-grass equilibrium in tropical savanna is recognized as one of plant ecology's main<p>conundrums. The origins of the difficult balance between these life forms over tens of millions<p>of square kilometers worldwide are in part attributed to the frequent disturbances caused by<p>vegetation fires effects of which vary in space and time depending on local environmental<p>factors. Research results are scale-dependent and findings from local studies are rarely<p>transposable to higher levels of ecosystem organization. The question of scaling (scale<p>transfer) is therefore crucial in the study of fire effects, and requires a multidisciplinary<p>approach.<p>Because of the variety of scales covered, this study is a premiere in the confrontation of<p>satellite-imagery derived fire history data with detailed field data including measurements of<p>vegetation parameters (structure and composition), as well as soil and topographic properties.<p>The study focuses on the woody component, because of its perennial character and its<p>influence on major ecological processes. On an area of more than 2000 km², the W National<p>Park of Niger (WNPN) where fire is used as a tool for the management and conservation of<p>semi-arid ecosystems, a fire history map was elaborated from MODIS images with a 250 m<p>spatial resolution and a daily temporal resolution over a period of seven years (2002-2009). To<p>understand the variability, both in space and time, of fire propagation in vegetation, we studied<p>the fire distribution characteristics in terms of fire regime (i.e. timing and frequency) and<p>spatial structure (landscape metrics). Plausible causal relationships at regional and local scales<p>between fire regimes, edaphic and topographic conditions, and the woody vegetation<p>(composition and structure) characteristics were examined through multivariate analyses and<p>structural equations models. We also examined in detail the woody species adaptive strategies<p>as well biological interactions, which underlie their spatial organization, using point statistics.<p>Results show that the WNPN fire's activity is characterized by spatial and temporal<p>heterogeneity induced mainly by edaphic and topographic conditions via the structure of the<p>ligneous component. Prescribed early season fires create effective firewalls, limiting wide late<p>season fires. However, these late fires might not be as destructive as is commonly assumed.<p>Indeed, species adaptation to different fire regimes corresponds to contrasting growth<p>strategies. In the case of late fires, increased basal areas and mean tree heights were<p>encountered, enabling trees to resist fire and escape flames. As for the unburned areas, the<p>"pattern-process" analysis clearly indicates that facilitation between shrubs is a fundamental<p>process determining the woody cover periodic spatial organization, an emergent structure that<p>prevents fire spread.<p>Although they do not replace experimental studies, these results based on a large-scale natural<p>experiment provide valuable new information both on a fundamental level and for setting up<p>the rational management of the WNPN. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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