O tema desta tese é a construção da República no Brasil, nos seus anos iniciais, a partir do estudo da trajetória de Júlio Prates de Castilhos, cujo papel de liderança iniciou mais diretamente na luta político-partidária quando da fundação do Partido Republicano no Rio Grande do Sul, em 1882, estendendo-se até a sua morte, em 1903, quando já reconhecido no seu estado e no país inteiro. O trabalho objetiva analisar a governabilidade dos anos iniciais da Primeira República através do processo de formação de uma liderança republicana, identificando como Castilhos chegou às posições que atingiu enfocando tanto suas ações e concepções políticas, passando pelos contextos das lutas nas quais se engajou, como também buscando suas origens sociais e as relações interpessoais que herdou e expandiu ao longo de sua vida. Sustenta a hipótese de que a estabilidade e sobrevivência do regime republicano foi uma preocupação desde o início e neste processo houve a participação intensa de Júlio de Castilhos, que foi centralizando as decisões não somente de seu partido, como também as ações do governo de seu estado. Partindo do método da micro-história italiana, realiza análise intensiva de um conjunto variado de fontes. São registros eclesiásticos, jornais, fontes cartoriais e, sobretudo, correspondência. Esse universo de fontes demonstra que os papeis desempenhados por Castilhos derivavam de mecanismos e recursos diversos, entre os quais se destacam a situação econômica familiar privilegiada, a formação superior, as relações sociais e o envolvimento com movimentos em expansão e com visibilidade social e política na conjuntura da década de 1880, como o republicanismo e o abolicionismo. A construção da liderança de Castilhos ocorreu, primeiramente, dentro do seu próprio partido, tendo sua participação na imprensa importante papel nesse sentido, e, após a Proclamação da República, se estendeu à política estadual, sendo os meios utilizados para tal as tentativas de controle efetivo de questões municipais, das eleições e das oposições. Acompanhou esse processo o reconhecimento paulatino de seu poder e posição por parte de outros líderes e de seus próprios correligionários. Por fim, a tese analisa de que modo esta liderança, uma vez consolidada regionalmente, adquiriu posições de destaque também no âmbito nacional, onde diferentes projetos e interesses entravam em disputa. / This thesis deals with the construction of the Republic in Brazil in its early years, having the study of Júlio Prates de Castilhos’ trajectory as its starting point. The time scope ranges from Castilho’s role as a leader in the political struggle that lead to the founding of the Republican Party in Rio Grande do Sul, in 1882, until his death in 1903, when he was already recognized both in his state and in the whole country. This work analyzes the governability in the early years of the First Republic scoping the formation process of a republican leadership; and also to identify how Castilhos managed to reach the positions he occupied, focusing both his actions and political conceptions. To do so, we are going to go through the contexts of the contends in which he took part, as well as searching his social origins and interpersonal relationships that he inherited and expanded throughout his life. This work supports is that both the stability and survival of the republican regime was a concern since the beginning and Julio de Castilhos participated intensively in this process, centralizing decisions not only within his party, as well as in the actions of the government of his state Having the Italian micro-history as a methodological starting point, an intensive analysis of a varied set of sources is carried out. These are ecclesiastical records, newspapers, public registers, and, more importantly, mail. This universe of sources shows demonstrate that the roles performed by Castilhos derive from diverse mechanisms and resources, especially his family’s privileged economic situation, superior education, social relationships and his involvement to expanding movements with political and social visibility in the 1880’s, such as the republicanism and abolitionism. Castilhos’ leadership began to be built at first within his own party, and his participation in the press had a major role in this sense. After the Proclamation of the Republic his power extended to state politics, and to do so, he used methods such as trying to control effectively municipal issues, elections and opposition being examples of that. Alongside this process came the gradual recognition of his power and position by a part of the other leaders and his own coreligionists. Lastly, this thesis analyses in what ways this leadership, once regionally consolidated, took over prominent positions in the national scenario, where different projects and interests were being disputed.

The thesis deals with the attitudes of political parties during the debating of media issues in the National Assembly of the First Czechoslovak Republic between 1920 and 1929. It surveys the parties' positions during the debating of the media legislation and parties' attitudes on the practice of confiscation and censorship in the context of the importance of the press for the party politics. Since the political parties' positions were strongly influenced by the specific context of the era, attention is also devoted to some of the peculiar characteristics of the First Republic.

The master thesis follows the research within the framework of the Student Monuments Mission which among other things found a higher occurrence of family houses made of bricks in Prague districts Střešovice, Dejvice and Bubeneč from the first half of the 20th century. The research discovered also a striking proportion of artists among their builders. The student will work with the list of these buildings and analyse them in the core chapter of thesis including typology and classifying into context with the surrounding buildings. This part will be prepared by introductory chapters in which will be presented brick like a material in history, will be showed traditional of producing and using bricks in Prague architecture. Then will be focused brick as a means of expression of modern architecture, from a global context to more elaborate Czech and Prague architecture. Student will summarize the analysis of individual buildings in conclusion and try to explain the primordial research. The master thesis will include a pictorial supplement.

The ambition of this thesis is to determine the cause of the failure of the Czech fascist movement, represented by the National Fascist Community, during the First Czechoslovak Republic and to outline the position of the party in the political system. The work focuses not only on the role of the National Fascist Community in the political system, but it also addresses the territorial distribution of its electorate and membership and its participation in the parliamentary elections. The author characterizes the party program features and deals with program distinctions between the National Fascist Community and other right-wing organizations. The fundamental research question to which the author seeks an answer is: Why the National Fascist Community, as the main representative of the Czech fascist movement, did not gain a wider support from the Czech society? To what extent the National Fascist Community distinguished itself in its program agenda from other political parties and how this influenced its position in the political system? The theme of this thesis lies at the border of the history and the political science. The text is based on comparative and empirical-analytic approach, an atheoretical case study was chosen as a research method. At the end of the text the author summarizes the reasons...

The thesis is aimed on film advertising in the period of the Czechoslovak First Republic, which is often a neglected, but extremely interesting chapter in the study of advertising history. The origin of film advertising is examined from the point of view of the advertiser, creators, but also the technical possibilities and available technical background, which was often a limiting factor for the development of film as such. The possible reach of the film advertising at the time is then illustrated by the development of the number of cinemas in Czechoslovakia, their total attendance, as well as the number of these films and the average attendance per show.

The diploma thesis focuses on the experimental and educational reform schools, that have been developed and operated in the 20th and 30th of the 20th century in Czechoslovakia. It shows the political situation in the newly formed Czechoslovakia, as weel as monitors the development of education after 1918. The core of this diploma thesis is in the reform efforts of selected experimental schools. It presents experimental work school in Holešovice, "Dům dětství" in Horní Krnsko and "Dětská farma" of Eduard Štroch. In this part of thesis were the educational devices and objectives of these experimental schools, the organization and progress of teaching described. It also focuses on the selected individuals who were participated in their creation. The thesis analyzes the reform effort, which was followed by reform educators in the 30th, mainly the reform attempt of Václav Příhoda and his unitary educational model.

This diploma thesis deals with the system of education during the period of the First Republic in Czechoslovakia. It focuses on teachers at experimental schools who specialized in social training and education with regards to social work orientated to children and the families they come from. Numerous activities of the teachers in question are described and then evaluated. In the first part of the thesis the author analyzes the teachers'approach to social training and social work in general. Firstly, the work includes a description of the economic situation and the social status of families with children during the First Republic; secondly, it deals with the state social policies regarding poor families and their children. It presents both the facts on the standard of living found in the research surveys and the origins of the educational initiatives of the Czech teachers of that time. It also takes into account the intellectual sources that could influence them and direct them more to the social aspects of the educational process. In the second part of the thesis the author presents the individual personalities of the teachers and their initiatives in social work such as: Božena Hrejsová, František Bakule, Eduard Štorch, and the teachers of Kladenská volná škola práce (Kladno Liberal School of Work), and...

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ŠMÍDOVÁ, Radka. Advertisements in magazines Pestry tyden and Prazsky ilustrovany zpravodaj. Praha, 2019. 75 s. Diplomová práce (Mgr.). Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut komunikačních studií a žurnalistiky. Katedra mediálních studií. Vedoucí diplomové práce doc. PhDr. Pavla Vošahlíková, DrSc. Abstract This master's thesis maps the development of advertising in the Czech press during the First Republic, specifically between 1927 and 1937, on the example of two illustrated weeklies - Pestrý týden and Prague Illustrated Newsletter. It looks at the period under review in the context of the country's economic situation, social settings and lifestyle, where the middle classes have formed the country's economic and social balance, helping to bring new products to mass consumption. Women's emancipation, the technological development of the media as well as the development of advertising as an industry and the increasing level of ad targeting for their audience were also important. The thesis examines how advertisements in two magazines approach their readers and try to get their attention, what are their specifics, and especially what development occurred in the period of 10 years during the First Republic, when the Czech advertising industry was evolving, looking up to the American pattern. The research was carried...

Nesta tese, investiga-se a construção do projeto didático de duas antologias escolares do Império Brasileiro e da Primeira República, analisando as concepções de língua nacional que, aí materializadas, nortearam o ensino de português nesses contextos de construção da identidade nacional brasileira. Para constituição dos corpora estabeleceram-se quatro critérios: a) nível escolar: ensino secundário; b) épocas: Segundo Reinado e Primeira República; c) gêneros da emoldura: textos que contextualizam as obras; e d) subjetividade autoral: obras assinadas por autores. Assim, selecionamos Iris Classico (1873), do conselheiro português José Castilho, e Autores Contemporaneos (1917), do Acadêmico João Ribeiro. A fundamentação teórico-metodológica concentrou-se na abordagem dialógica da linguagem de Bakhtin e o Círculo, nos conceitos de gênero discursivo, dupla orientação do gênero na realidade, discurso do outro e emoldura. Assim, nesta tese, depreendeu-se as antologias escolares como gêneros discursivos, compostas por coletâneas de excertos que configuram modelos linguístico-ideológicos da língua nacional. Sendo a abordagem das orientações dialógicas do gênero correspondente à articulação dos seus elementos exteriores (interlocutores previstos e especificidades das condições de realização e percepção do gênero) e interiores (conteúdo temático), então compreendeu-se que esse seria um modo apropriado de apreensão dos projetos didáticos das obras. Orientada para determinados interlocutores (D. Pedro II; mestres e amiguinhos estudiosos; opositores intelectuais) em uma polêmica atmosfera axiológica em torno da representação da língua nacional, Iris Classico (1873) compõe-se de 181 excertos, a maioria do cânone português dos séculos XVII e XVIII, período vinculado às ascensões da nação e literatura portuguesas. Aqui, predominaram quatro temas: i) exaltação à língua portuguesa; ii) exploração de países, povos e costumes ultramarinos; iii) firmação de princípios cristãos e morais; iv) representação de homens históricos, sobressaindo quatro elementos ideológicos da história da nação portuguesa: i) língua literária nacional clássica; ii) passado histórico glorioso; iii) religião cristã; iv) homens históricos. Assim, a obra representa um projeto de firmação da língua nacional clássica, pelo prisma da identidade nacional portuguesa, ou seja, um projeto linguístico-ideológico europeu. Também orientada para destinatários específicos (professores e alunos do Ginásio Nacional, candidatos aos exames de preparatórios; opositores do autor) em um tenso contexto axiológico em torno da representação da língua nacional, Autores Contemporaneos (1917) constitui-se de 71 fragmentos de autores, maiormente brasileiros, do século XIX, época atrelada à construção da identidade nacional brasileira. Na coletânea, predominaram dois temas: i) prosa literária; ii) crítica histórica; homens históricos e fatos históricos, destacando-se dois elementos ideológicos da construção da nacionalidade brasileira: língua literária nacional contemporânea e história do Brasil. Portanto, a obra constitui-se em um projeto de firmação da língua nacional contemporânea, sob a ótica da identidade nacional brasileira, isto é, um projeto linguístico-ideológico nacional. / In this dissertation, it\'s researched the construction of an education project of two anthologies from the Brazilian Empire and First Republic, analyzing the national language conceptions that, materialized on this, guided the Portuguese teaching in these contexts of Brazilian national identities\' construction. For the corpora compilation, it was established four criteria: a) school level: secondary school; b) periods: Second Empire and First Republic; c) frame genres: texts which contextualize the works; and d) author\'s subjectivity: works signed by authors. Thus, we selected Iris Classico (1873), of the Portuguese adviser José Castilho, and Autores Contemporaneos (1917), of the Academic João Ribeiro. The theoretical and methodological foundation was based in Bakhtin and his Circle\'s language dialogic approach, in the conceptions of discourse genre, double genre orientation in the reality, the discourse of the other and frame. Therefore, in this dissertation, it was considered the school anthologies as discourse genres, composed by collections of excerpts that appears as linguistic and ideological models of national language. Regarding the dialogic orientations of genre approach related to the articulation of its external elements (predicted interlocutors and specificities of the the performing conditions and genre perception) and internal (thematic content), so it was understood that this would be an appropriate way of grasping the works\' education projects. Recommended for certain interlocutors (D. Pedro II; teachers and \"studious little friends\"; intelectual opponents) in a polemic axiologic atmosphere around the national language representation, Iris Classico (1873) is formed by 181 excerpts, in which the most part is from the Portuguese canon of the 16th and 17th centuries, period related to the nation rising and Portuguese literature. Here, four themes are prevailing: a) exaltation to the Portuguese language; b) countries, peoples and overseas habits exploration; c) christian and moral principles establishing; c) representation of historical men, highlighting four ideological elements of the Portuguese nation\'s history: 1) classical national literary language; 2) glorious historical past; 3) christian religion; 4) historical men. Thus, the work represents an establishing project of classical national language, by the Portuguese national identity perspective, in other words, an European linguistic and ideological project. It is also oriented by specific recipientes (Ginásio Nacional\'s teachers and students, candidates to the preparatory exams; author\'s opponent) in a tense axiologic context in relation to the national language representation, Autores Contemporaneos (1917) is constituted by 71 excerpts of 19th century authors, mainly Brazilian ones, moment related to the construction of the Brazilian national identity. In this collection, two themes were prevailing: a) literary prose; b) historical criticismo; c) historical facts; and historical men, emphasizing two ideological elements of the Brazilian nationality construction: contemporary national literary language and Brazil\'s history. Therefore, the work constitutes an establishing of the contemporary national language project, under the perspective of the Brazilian national identity, i.e., a national linguistic and ideological project.