El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es analizar el impacto positivo de la certificación BASC en la cadena logística de empresas exportadoras de harina de pescado con sub partida número 2301201100 hacia Japón durante los años 2014-2018. Se considera dicho periodo, ya que durante esos años se observó que las exportaciones de harina de pescado han presentado una tendencia positiva. Asimismo, se escogió dicho país, puesto que es uno de los más representativos dentro de la información encontrada en SUNAT. Cabe mencionar que el Perú se encuentra entre los diez principales países exportadores de harina de pescado. El mercado de China es el principal destino de salida de las exportaciones de harina de pescado, pero en este estudio se considerará al país de Japón. Cada vez más la población asiática consume más derivados del pescado por lo cual la demanda está aumentando. Para analizar el impacto positivo de la certificación BASC en la cadena logística se ha realizado una investigación cuantitativa, utilizando la herramienta de la encuesta a 30 ejecutivos expertos en logística y comercio exterior de un total de 7 principales empresas exportadoras de harina de pescado hacia el mercado de Japón. Es importante acotar que estas empresas representan el 80% de las exportaciones en el periodo seleccionado. Para realizar el análisis debido se ha utilizado el programa estadístico SPSS, con el propósito de evaluar las hipótesis descritas. / The objective of this research is to analyze the positive impact of BASC certification in the logistic chain of fishmeal exporting companies with subheading number 2301201100 to Japan during the years 2014-2018. This period is considered, since during those years it was observed that fishmeal exports have presented a positive trend. Likewise, said country was chosen, since it is one of the most representative within the information found in SUNAT. It is worth mentioning that Peru is among the top ten countries that export fishmeal. The Chinese market is the main exit destination for fishmeal exports, but in this study the country of Japan will be considered. Increasingly, the Asian population consumes more fish products, so demand is increasing. To analyze the positive impact of BASC certification on the logistics chain, a quantitative investigation has been carried out, using the survey tool for 30 experts in logistics and foreign trade experts from a total of 7 main fishmeal exporting companies to the market from Japan. It is important to note that these companies represent 80% of exports in the selected period. To perform the due analysis, the statistical program SPSS has been used, with the purpose of evaluating the hypotheses described. / Tesis

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-20T18:39:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Rog?rio Ferreira Naka?th.pdf: 2018198 bytes, checksum: 6d4ba8cb11ba5a88286f398b66129da8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-20T18:39:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Rog?rio Ferreira Naka?th.pdf: 2018198 bytes, checksum: 6d4ba8cb11ba5a88286f398b66129da8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-29 / Instituto Federal de Educa??o, Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Amazonas / Taking into that experience of practical activities and exchange of experience between community and students can contribute to learning and increase the meaning of technical knowledge, this study aimed to use the extension community as important tool for teaching-learning process, diffusion of good practices in fish meal preparation process "piracu?", aiming at strengthening the training of technician Fishery Resources. The subjects were ten students from last year, which participated in educational workshops on good practices in food handling and piracu? elaboration. After the workshops the students were taken to the rural community where they observed the manufacturing process on site and made an analysis of the critical points susceptible to intervention. After contextualization of technical and cultural knowledge about the process, the students returned to the community to conduct intervention action on the production process to improve the quality of the final product. Knowledge contextualized, through the activities was verified by using a questionnaire with Likert Scale applied in two stages (T Initial: before the workshops, and Tend : after completion of the project) and through the development of conceptual maps in three moments (T1: before workshops; T2: before the intervention and T3 : after the end of the project). Was held the physical-chemical and microbiological characterization of piracu? produced in the community. The results show an increase of 0.26 in average score to the affirmative, and 90% of students had shown average growth between the start and end times. The reduction in the coefficient of variation in students average from 30.8% (initial time) to 28.2% (end time) indicates greater homogeneity among the answers to the different statements. Analyzing the affirmative, 18% got answers smaller than 3.5 (neither agree nor disagree) at initial time, and at end time this percentage decreased to 13.6% demonstrating greater safety of students to position themselves in relation the knowledge presented. Concept maps have shown good assessment tools, but the students had difficulties in the construction of diagrams, in choosing prepositions and verbs, and establishing of conceptual links. Nevertheless, there was slight enrichment in the conceptual interconnections after the completion of contextualization of knowledge and intervention in the community. The species used in the production of piracu? were surubim (Pseudoplatystomafasciatum ) and Pirarara (Phractocephalushemiliopterus), with the following chemical composition, respectively: protein 70.74 and 70.35%; total lipids 7.67 and 8.93%; moisture 16.0 and 15.50%; carbohydrates 1.02 and 0.96%; Minerals 4.57 and 4.26% and 356.04 and 365.64 Kcal / EB / 100g. After microbiological analysis was not observed contamination in samples piracu? produced by the community before or after the intervention of the project, indicating that the farmhouse production has resulted in a final product suitable for consumption. The results indicate that the realization of educational workshops related to practical experience with the rural community, contributed to appropriation of knowledge significantly on the production of piracu? among participating students research and enhancement of existing traditional knowledge in the rural community (Nossa Senhora do Desterro, Parintins, AM). / Considerando que a viv?ncia de atividades pr?ticas e a troca de experi?ncia entre comunit?rios e estudantes podem contribuir para a aprendizagem e incrementar o significado do conhecimento t?cnico, este trabalho teve como objetivo geral utilizar a extens?o comunit?ria como ferramenta de ensino e aprendizagem, para difus?o de boas pr?ticas no processo de elabora??o de farinha de peixe ?piracu??, visando o fortalecimento da forma??o profissional do t?cnico em Recursos Pesqueiros. Os sujeitos desta pesquisa foram dez alunos do ultimo ano, os quais participaram de oficinas pedag?gicas sobre Boas pr?ticas na manipula??o de alimentos e Elabora??o de Piracu?. Ap?s as oficinas os estudantes foram levados ? comunidade rural onde observaram o processo de fabrica??o in loco e fizeram uma an?lise dos pontos cr?ticos pass?veis de interven??o. Ap?s contextualiza??o dos saberes t?cnico e cultural a cerca do processo, os estudantes voltaram ? comunidade para realizar a??o de interven??o sobre o processo produtivo visando melhoria da qualidade do produto final. O conhecimentocontextualizado, por meio das atividades realizadas foi verificado mediante utiliza??o de question?rio com Escala Likert aplicado em dois momentos (T incial: antes das oficinas; e T final: ap?s o t?rmino do projeto) e por meio da elabora??o de mapas conceituais em tr?s momentos (T1: antes das oficinas; T2: antes da a??o de interven??o e T3: ap?s o termino do projeto). Foi realizada a caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e microbiol?gica do piracu? produzido na comunidade. Os resultados apontam aumentode 0,26 na m?dia geral da pontua??o atribu?da ?s afirmativas, e 90% dos alunos apresentaram m?dia crescente entre os tempos inicial e final. A redu??o do coeficiente de varia??o das m?dias dos alunos de 30,8% (tempo inicial) para 28,2% (tempo final) indica maior homogeneidade entre as respostas para as diferentes afirmativas. Analisando-se as afirmativas, 18% obtiveram respostas abaixo de 3,5 (n?o concordo nem discordo) no tempo inicial, e no tempo final esse percentual reduziu-se para 13,6% demonstrando maior seguran?a dos estudantes ao posicionarem-se em rela??o aos conhecimentos apresentados. Os mapas conceituais se mostraram bons instrumentos de avalia??o, contudo os estudantes apresentaram dificuldades na constru??o dos diagramas, estabelecimento de preposi??es e verbos nas liga??es conceituais. Apesar disso, observou-se ligeiro enriquecimento nas interliga??es conceituais ap?s a realiza??o da contextualiza??o entre os saberes e a interven??o na comunidade. As esp?cies utilizadas na produ??o do piracu? foram Surubim (Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum) e Pirarara (Phractocephalus hemiliopterus), as quais apresentaram a seguinte composi??o centesimal, respectivamente: prote?na 70,74 e 70,35%; lip?dios totais 7,67 e 8,93%; umidade 16,0 e 15,50%; carboidratos 1,02 e 0,96%; minerais 4,57 e 4,26% e energia 356,04 e 365,64 Kcal/EB/100g. Ap?s an?lise microbiol?gica n?o foi verificada contamina??o nas amostras de piracu? produzidas pela comunidade antes ou ap?s a interven??o do projeto, indicando que o procedimento artesanal resultou em produto final apto ao consumo. Os resultados indicam que a realiza??o de oficinas pedag?gicas associadas ? viv?ncia pr?tica junto ? comunidade rural contribuiu para apropria??o do conhecimento de forma significativa relativo ? produ??o de piracu? entre os alunos participantes da pesquisa e valoriza??o do saber tradicional existente na comunidade rural (Nossa Senhora do Desterro, Parintins, AM).

La harina de pescado, como producto de exportación, le ha dado al Perú el reconocimiento de ser el primer proveedor a nivel mundial de este commodity en términos de volúmen exportado durante los últimos años. Esto ha sido motivo suficiente para despertar el interés en efectuar una investigación a profundidad sobre los distintos factores que influenciaron en el desempeño exportador de las principales empresas exportadoras de harina de pescado. Es así como la capacidad de procesamiento, el número de embarcaciones, el número de plantas y las certificaciónes fueron rescatados como variables consideradas en estudios similares que en el pasado analizaron este sector pero con objetivos distintos. En tal sentido, el estudio, cuyo enfoque fue cualitativo debido a la naturaleza de los estudios consultados, dio como resultado que la reducción de las embarcaciones y las plantas jugó un papel bastante importante en el desempeño exportador de las empresas productoras de harina de pescado debido a que ayudaron a mantener y mejorar sus márgenes de ganancia. Así mismo, la capacidad de procesamiento fue clave en términos de eficiencia para incrementar el volumen de harina producido a partir de la biomasa permitida para extracción. En adición a ello, las certificaciones fueron reconocidas como un medio intachable para el ingreso a mercados de alta demanda de este producto. Además, se identificaron como hallazgos de alta relevancia a la capacidad de compra de anchoveta a terceros y la ubicación geográfica de las plantas productoras de harina de pescado. / Fishmeal, as an export product, has given to Peru the recognition of being the world's leading supplier of this commodity, in terms of volume exported, in recent years. This has been reason enough to arouse interest in conducting an in-depth research on the different factors that influenced the export performance of the main fishmeal exporters. This is how the processing capacity, the number of vessels, the number of plants and the certifications were rescued as variables considered in similar studies that in the past have been used to analyze this sector but with different objectives. In this sense, the study, whose approach was qualitative due to the nature of the studies consulted, resulted in the reduction of vessels and plants playing a fairly important role in the export performance of companies producing fishmeal due to they helped maintain and improve their profit margins. Besides, the processing capacity was a key factor in terms of efficiency to increase the volume of fishmeal produced from the biomass allowed for extraction. In addition to this, the certifications were recognized as a faultless means of entering markets with high demand for this product. In addition, the ability to purchase anchovy from third parties and the geographical location of the fishmeal production plants were identified as highly relevant discoveries. / Tesis

La actividad pesquera del Perú está principalmente sustentada en la anchoveta, a partir de la cual se fabrica harina de pescado, cuya exportación se posiciona en un nivel expectante año tras año. Esta pesquería se viene desarrollando mediante la Ley de Límites Máximos de Captura por Embarcación (LMCE) desde el año 2009, cuyos objetivos se enfocan en la modernización y eficiencia del sector, el fomento del desarrollo sostenido, y el aprovechamiento responsable de los recursos hidrobiológicos (Decreto Legislativo 1084, art.1). En ese sentido, el objetivo de esta investigación es conocer las consecuencias de la implementación de la Ley de LMCE en las exportaciones de harina de pescado del Perú, con Subpartida Nacional 2301.20.11.00, durante el periodo 2009-2018. Se utiliza un enfoque de investigación cualitativa con teoría fundamentada. Para ello, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a doce profesionales del sector, pertenecientes a las empresas pesqueras e instituciones más importantes del Perú. Como resultado, se validó que la implementación de la Ley de LMCE generó como consecuencia un impacto positivo en las exportaciones de harina de pescado, durante el periodo 2009-2018, mediante un incremento en la calidad y el volumen de producción de harina de pescado Prime y Super Prime, por la cual se obtiene un mejor precio de exportación en el mercado. Sin embargo, se halló que el precio y volumen depende en gran magnitud de factores externos, cuya incidencia se explica en la investigación. Con ello, se brindará las recomendaciones necesarias a los actores involucrados, así como a los futuros investigadores. / Peru's fishing activity is mainly based on anchovy, from which fishmeal is produced, its export is positioned at expectant levels year over year. The anchovy fishery has been developed through the Law of Vessel Capture Maximum Limits (LMCE, by its acronym in Spanish) since 2009, whose objectives are focused on this segment´s modernization and efficiency, the sustained development promotion and the responsible use of hydrobiological resources (Decreto Legislativo 1084, art. 1). In this regard, the aim of this research is to know the consequences of the “LMCE” Law implementation in fishmeal exports from Peru, with Subheading National Tariff 2301.20.11.00, from 2009 to 2018 using a qualitative research approach with grounded theory. Consequently, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 professionals that belong to the most important fishing companies and Government Institutions in Peru. As a result, it can be observed that the implementation of the “LMCE” Law caused a positive impact on fishmeal exports, during the period of 2009-2018: with an increase in the quality and volume of Prime and Super Prime fishmeal production, and also a better export price in the market. However, it was found that prices and volume depend on external factors mainly, and this incidence is explained in this investigation. Based on these, there will be recommendations provided to the involved parties, as well as to future researchers. / Tesis