The thesis attends to the issue of audit and is divided into two parts. The theoretical part deals with the definition of external (statutory) audit and internal audit and is divided to the chapters of the history, legislation, definition and role. Thereinafter describes a person of auditor, his activities, principles, methods and procedures which auditor uses. The end of the first part is about forensic audits and frauds. The application section includes at first comparison of professions and specifies the same as well as different features. The second part focuses on the relation and cooperation of external and internal auditor.

The major topic of this thesis is explanation of the idiom Fraud examination. It is based on comparison to standard financial audit in sense of verification of the financial statements of the company by independent auditor. There are also described the most common ways of business criminality which are divided by the principle of their commitment -- corruption, asset misappropriation and financial statement fraud. Subsequently there are described basic methods of forensic examination, requirements set on fraud examiners, tools used by examiner during his examination and conclusion of the fraud examination. Next part of the thesis introduces statistics of fraud occurrence in the USA and in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The very last part of the thesis deals with particular forensic examination which took place in Czech television in 2000.

La presente investigación busca entender la importancia de la aplicación de la Auditoría Forense como herramienta de apoyo en empresas del sector transporte. Para tal fin se analizó conceptos, métodos y herramientas que son utilizados para la reducción del fraude financiero y tributario, además se revisaron los conceptos de Control, Fraude Financiero y Tributario del sector de transporte de carga terrestre. Para el plan de investigación, se plantea la hipótesis del Impacto de la Auditoría Forense como herramienta de apoyo, para detectar y reducir el fraude financiero y tributario en las empresas del sector transporte. Dicha hipótesis alternativa es rechazada con un 5% de significancia. En la metodología de investigación, se ejecutó un estudio de tipo documental, el cual fue llevado a cabo por entrevistas a tres expertos del tema. Para ello, se elaboró un cuestionario con el propósito de identificar si se tenía conocimiento sobre Auditoría Forense, y conocer sobre los procesos de control con los que cuentan las empresas del rubro. Como resultado de la aplicación del instrumento cualitativo y cuantitativo, se puede establecer que mediante la aplicación de la Auditoría Forense como herramienta de apoyo se logra detectar y prevenir fraudes. De esta forma, se demuestra que la Auditoría Forense brinda ventajas y que al implementarla como herramienta de apoyo se obtienen grandes resultados. Luego del respectivo análisis de interpretación de los resultados de dicha investigación, se puede concluir que la aplicación de la Auditoría Forense como herramienta de apoyo no reducirá los casos de robos y fraude intencionales: a mayor control en los procesos se disminuirá las posibilidades de cometer fraude y se incrementará un mayor control en las áreas más sensibles del rubro. / This research seeks to understand the importance of the application of Forensic Audit as a support tool in companies in the transport sector. For this purpose, concepts, methods and tools that are used for the reduction of financial and tax fraud were analyzed, and the concepts of Control, Financial and Tax Fraud of the land freight transport sector were also reviewed. For the research plan, the hypothesis of the Impact of Forensic Audit is presented as a support tool, to detect and reduce financial and tax fraud in companies in the transport sector. This alternative hypothesis is rejected with a 5% significance. In the research methodology, a documentary study was executed, which was carried out by interviews with three experts on the subject. For this, a questionnaire was prepared with the purpose of identifying if there was knowledge about Forensic Audit, and knowing about the control processes that the companies in the field have. As a result of the application of the qualitative and quantitative instrument, it can be established that through the application of Forensic Audit as a tool to support internal auditing, fraud can be detected and prevented. In this way, it is demonstrated that Forensic Audit offers advantages and that when implementing it as a support tool, great results are obtained. After the respective analysis of interpretation of the results of said investigation, it can be concluded that the application of Forensic Audit as a support tool will not reduce cases of intentional theft and fraud: greater control in the processes will reduce the chances of committing fraud and greater control will be increased in the most sensitive areas of the item. / Tesis

The primary goal of this study is firstly to analyse the Fraud Prevention Policy and Strategy, the Policy on Protection of Whistle-Blowers, and the Policy Document on Forensic Audit Process of the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) in order to establish the reason for the ongoing spate of fraudulent and corrupt activities among employees within the DTI Head Office, regardless of the relevant policies put in place. Secondly, another goal is also to establish other reasons that could be linked to the reoccurrence of fraudulent and corrupt activities within the DTI. During the research survey questionnaires were administered to employees of the DTI. Furthermore, online interviews were conducted with a purposively selected sample within two divisions of the DTI. In addition, a literature study was conducted to acquire relevant information and perspectives from available national and international literature. Various objectives were fulfilled in this study as follows:  It was established whether the reporting of internal or external fraud and corruption and the relevant policies put in place contribute in any manner to the prevention of fraudulent and corrupt activities at the Department of Trade and Industry's national office.  It was determined if there is a policy document on measuring these policies after they have been implemented.  It was determined how the Department of Trade and Industry's national head office addresses fraud and corruption. Other possible reasons for the Department of Trade and Industry employees' lack of reporting fraud and corruption in their departments, other than the fear of being victimised, were identified.  The views and opinions on the internal reporting of fraud and corruption were determined.  The degree of awareness of the investigative procedures related to fraud and corruption among the Department of Trade and Industry management and their employees were determined.  It was established if employees have faith in the Department of Trade and Industry's investigative procedures to fraud and corruption.  The extent of knowledge on the importance of reporting fraudulent and corrupt activities in the DTI were established.  Feedback to help minimise fraud and corruption within the Department of Trade and Industry and improve future strategies was provided. This study contributes to the knowledge base with regard to fraud and corruption within the Department of Trade and Industry. / Criminology and Security Science / M. Tech (Policing)

This paper deals with the subject of fraud investigation. Fraud investigation and forensic audit as such are defined in the first part of the paper. Requirements to become a fraud investigator are described in the next part. A theory surrounding frauds is also presented (incl. most common fraud schemes, fraud triangle etc.). The author also describes foreign anti-corruption legislation which has power to punish corruption which took place on the soil of Czech Republic. An example of how breach of FCPA in the Czech Republic has been investigated is presented by the end of the paper.

This thesis aims to describe a process framework suitable for conducting digital forensics investigation projects as support for forensic audit. Selection of existing digital forensics investigation framework was a subject of criterial comparison. Described new framework is a result of combination and enhancement of those frameworks, which were suitable for the characteristics of forensic audit. Thesis also discusses digital forensics methods for fraud examination and risk assessment as a part of external audit.

The primary goal of this study is firstly to analyse the Fraud Prevention Policy and Strategy, the Policy on Protection of Whistle-Blowers, and the Policy Document on Forensic Audit Process of the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) in order to establish the reason for the ongoing spate of fraudulent and corrupt activities among employees within the DTI Head Office, regardless of the relevant policies put in place. Secondly, another goal is also to establish other reasons that could be linked to the reoccurrence of fraudulent and corrupt activities within the DTI. During the research survey questionnaires were administered to employees of the DTI. Furthermore, online interviews were conducted with a purposively selected sample within two divisions of the DTI. In addition, a literature study was conducted to acquire relevant information and perspectives from available national and international literature. Various objectives were fulfilled in this study as follows:  It was established whether the reporting of internal or external fraud and corruption and the relevant policies put in place contribute in any manner to the prevention of fraudulent and corrupt activities at the Department of Trade and Industry's national office.  It was determined if there is a policy document on measuring these policies after they have been implemented.  It was determined how the Department of Trade and Industry's national head office addresses fraud and corruption. Other possible reasons for the Department of Trade and Industry employees' lack of reporting fraud and corruption in their departments, other than the fear of being victimised, were identified.  The views and opinions on the internal reporting of fraud and corruption were determined.  The degree of awareness of the investigative procedures related to fraud and corruption among the Department of Trade and Industry management and their employees were determined.  It was established if employees have faith in the Department of Trade and Industry's investigative procedures to fraud and corruption.  The extent of knowledge on the importance of reporting fraudulent and corrupt activities in the DTI were established.  Feedback to help minimise fraud and corruption within the Department of Trade and Industry and improve future strategies was provided. This study contributes to the knowledge base with regard to fraud and corruption within the Department of Trade and Industry. / Criminology and Security Science / M. Tech (Policing)

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar el impacto de la auditoría forense en la reputación en las empresas constructoras. Se han planteado hipótesis para conocer si la auditoría forense puede ser un instrumento de prevención de riesgos reputacionales en la medida de que principales empresas constructoras de Miraflores y San Isidro realicen la implementación de forma proactiva como parte del plan de auditoría anual. En el capítulo I, se enfoca en el marco teórico. Se presenta un estudio del sector construcción. Se define la auditoría forense, origen, metodologías, técnicas y/o procedimientos; y sobre el fraude y la corrupción. De igual manera, se presenta un estudio de los riesgos reputacionales. En el capítulo II, es el plan de investigación en el cual se plantea el problema general, los problemas específicos, el objetivo general, los objetivos específicos, además de las hipótesis generales y específicos. En el capítulo III, se presenta la metodología de la investigación, tipo de investigación, recolección de datos, determinación de la población y muestra. Asimismo, los objetivos, diseño de la investigación y los tipos de investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa. En el capítulo IV, se presenta el desarrollo de la investigación en el cual se realiza la aplicación de los instrumentos de investigación. Se han desarrollado entrevistas a profundidad a especialistas y encuestas a representantes de las empresas constructoras. En el capítulo V, se presentan los resultados y el análisis de estos que se han obtenido a través de las entrevistas a profundidad y encuestas. Finalmente, se presentan las conclusiones y recomendaciones de la investigación. / This research is to determine the impact of forensic auditing on the reputation of construction companies. Hypothesis have been put forward to find out whether forensic auditing can be a tool for preventing reputational risks to the extent that the main construction companies of Miraflores and San Isidro implement it proactively as part of the annual audit plan. Chapter I focuses on the theoretical framework. A study of the construction sector is presented. It defines forensic auditing, its origin, methodologies, techniques and/or procedures, and fraud and corruption. Likewise, a study of reputational risks is presented. Chapter II is the research plan in which the general problem, the specific problems, the general objective, the specific objectives, and the general and specific hypotheses are presented. Chapter III presents the research methodology, type of research, data collection, determination of the population and sample. Likewise, the objectives, research design and the types of qualitative and quantitative research are presented. Chapter IV presents the development of the research in which the application of the research instruments is carried out. In-depth interviews to specialists and surveys to representatives of construction companies have been carried out. Chapter V presents the results and their analysis obtained through the in-depth interviews and surveys. Finally, the conclusions and recommendations of the research are presented. / Tesis