<p>The aim of this thesis is to examine the environmental work of the municipal of Växjö and to investigate how the leaders have worked with this action program; a fossil fuel free Växjö. To accomplish this propose the following question was used:</p><p>• How did the leaders of this successful action program a fossil fuel free Växjö work?</p><p>The empirical part is based on the years reports, written by the municipal it self. Also reviewed articles were use for the empirical framework. The outcomes that were discovered during the writing of this thesis were that the cooperation between the actors was very strong. Since the aim of the program for a fossil fuel free Växjö was clear and the cooperation between the leaders within the program was so good, were the outcomes also positive. To sum up was the will to get a better environment that gave Växjö attention for its good work.</p>

The City of Stockholm’s energy and climate goals are analyzed and projected in several scenarios. Using the year 2015 as the baseline year, a database covering the energy performance and fuel use within the City is created. This starting point is used to project the performance of the City until the year 2050. The projection is made with the use of scenarios and the simulation software LEAP by formulating scenarios that combine ongoing, planned and conceivable measures. All these scenarios aim to the reduction of emissions with the long term aim to set the City of Stockholm a fossil fuel free city by 2050. Various paths can be followed towards that goal and these are analyzed and classified based on cost and applicability. According to the simulation of scenarios, the immediate action and the long-term planning are shown to play an essential role in achieving the City’s goals. In addition, the significance of policy, the behavioral aspect and the continuous gradual development are found to be three basic pillars towards the target that the City has set. Specifically, the City should focus on energy efficiency in both generation and utilization. Available technology can help to this direction at an affordable cost and with remarkable potential. However, in order to achieve the target of an entirely fossil fuel free city by the year 2050, the City of Stockholm needs to support a shift of transportation modes towards public transport. Currently, the transportation sector has a low share of clean fuels and is likely going to be the most challenging sector to affect. Among the challenges in the transportation sector comes the fact that there is always a given risk when trying to introduce a new dominant fuel, based on assumptions of future car fleets and volatility of markets. Biofuels may for instance lead to a shortage in the market with higher biofuel and food prices as a result while changing the entire vehicle fleet takes 20 years on average. The best possible scenario does demonstrate one possible path toward a fossil fuel free City of Stockholm 2050 by taking a number of aggressive actions. This does not account for possible new technologies nor changes in the economy at large.

The transport sector is facing great challenges of rising transport demand but at the same time meeting requirements of substituting fossil fuels, and mitigating its environmental impacts. Conventional transportation solutions are well-adapted to urban contexts, but not to rural contexts. A tendency to try to solve rural issues with urban thinking has been observed during the study. The thesis’s purpose is to aid the implementation of the national “Fossil-fuel free 2030” vision in the County of Jämtland, Sweden, by studying fossil fuel use in a well-defined rural area: the island of Norderön in Lake Storsjön. The thesis is based on a literature study, interviews with islanders and officials, and a questionnaire to the islanders.   The transport work for Norderön was estimated in form of annual the fuel use of diesel and petrol. Diesel consumption in 2011, including ferries, was estimated to 500 m3 (c:a 4 m3 per capita and year) and petrol consumption, including through traffic, was estimated to 300 m3 (c:a 2 m3 per capita and year). Annual mileage per car and number of cars per capita on the island are higher than in Sweden in general. The large number of private cars on the island is caused by insufficient public transportation service. A household with low accessibility requires high mobility to satisfy its needs. For the situation in 2030 a probable increase in transport demand is compensated by an increase in energy efficiency of different transport technology, and the fuel consumption is thus estimated to be similar in 2030 to what is was in 2011. Reaching the “Fossil-fuel free 2030” vision through a direct substitution of fossil fuels with bio-based fuels will be limited by biofuel supply, especially if the vision shall be reached also in areas surrounding Norderön. There is an urgent need to develop solutions applicable for rural areas, which are based on comprehensive transport demand management measures combined with continued focus on fuel efficiency, energy efficient transport modes and alternative fuels. / Transportsektorn står inför stora utmaningar genom ökat transportbehov samtidigt som den ska möta krav på bränsleomställning och minskad miljöpåverkan. Konventionella lösningar för hållbart resande är välanpassade för stadsmiljöer, men inte för glesbygd. En tendens att försöka lösa glesbygdens problem med ett stadstänk har observerats under studien.  Uppsatsens syfte är att hjälpa Länsstyrelsen Jämtlands län att implementera visionen Fossilbränslefritt 2030 genom att studera fossilbränsleanvändning i en välavgränsad glesbygd: Norderön i Storsjön. Uppsatsen bygger på en litteraturstudie, intervjuer med öbor och tjänstemän, samt en enkät till öborna.   Dieselförbrukningen, inklusive färjorna, var c:a 500 m3 år 2011 och bensinförbrukningen, inklusive genomfartstrafik, var c:a 300 m3. Körsträcka per bil och bilägande är högre på Norderön än riksgenomsnittet. Ett hushåll med låg tillgänglighet kräver hög rörlighet för att möta sitt behov. En potentiell ökning av transportefterfrågan år 2030 kompenseras av bränslesnålare teknik, och därför antas bränsleförbrukningen vara lika år 2030. Tillgången på biobränsle kommer att begränsa möjligheten att fullständigt ersätta fossila bränslen. Det finns ett påtagligt behov av att utveckla glesbygdslösningar baserade på åtgärder för hållbart resande kombinerat med fortsatt fokus på bränslesnålare teknik och alternativa bränslen. / Projekt Norderön

The aim of this thesis is to examine the environmental work of the municipal of Växjö and to investigate how the leaders have worked with this action program; a fossil fuel free Växjö. To accomplish this propose the following question was used: • How did the leaders of this successful action program a fossil fuel free Växjö work? The empirical part is based on the years reports, written by the municipal it self. Also reviewed articles were use for the empirical framework. The outcomes that were discovered during the writing of this thesis were that the cooperation between the actors was very strong. Since the aim of the program for a fossil fuel free Växjö was clear and the cooperation between the leaders within the program was so good, were the outcomes also positive. To sum up was the will to get a better environment that gave Växjö attention for its good work.