Although franchising is growing in importance as a form of business with considerable benefits to all participants, little research has been done to evaluate the factors that contribute to a successful franchise relationship from the viewpoint of the franchisee. This study is intended to provide valuable information for establishing an effective management strategy, with a view to improving the relationship between the franchisor and franchisee. The study will include an analysis of the predictors of a quality relationship between the franchisor and the franchisee; and attempts to increase the understanding of the relationships between the predictors of a quality relationship, which may contribute to the franchisee's performance and satisfaction. Using the survey responses of the franchisees of the Convenience stores within the Petroleum Industry, this study identifies key factors that affect the franchisee's motivation to become a franchisee, the franchisee's perception of the franchisor's support, the quality of the relationship, loyalty/commitment to the franchisor and the franchisee's performance. The results of this study provide strong support for the idea that the quality of the relationship between the franchisor and the franchisee plays a key role in ensuring that the contractual relationship will lead to financial success for both parties. Recommendations provided will assist the franchisor in establishing an effective management strategy to improve the relationship between the franchisor and franchisee and thus improve the rate of success for both the franchisor and the franchisee. / Thesis (M.Com.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2007.

The thesis analyses the amateur game of rugby union by focussing upon the struggles for control between national and local unions and players. Using historical material and interviews with administrators, current players in the New Zealand national team, the All Blacks, and Canterbury, a local provincial union, I show how the game of rugby union consolidated as the national game. I follow these actors through the shift to a global professional game sponsored by television networks and show how the local advantages in the New Zealand game come to be reconfigured in this context.

Today the Taiwan food service industry is faced with growing public environmental concern, increasing requirement from government, and a more competitive market environment. Research related to environmental management in the Taiwan food service industry is still very limited. This research aims to study how corporate (head office) level decision makers in the food service chains recognize the impact of environmental issue on their business, and what factors might influence them putting this issue into firms' strategic plans. A series of questions have been developed based on the literature and the conceptual framework in order to gain an understanding on how the motivating factors can influence food service operators towards implementing environmental strategies. A questionnaire survey complemented by interviews was used to assess the influence of public concern, government's environmental policy, competitive advantage, top management commitment, firm's capability, and environmental orientation on environmental strategies in food service chains. For the survey study, 133 Taiwan food service franchisors who are on the registration list of the Taiwan Chain Store and Franchise Association (TCFA) were purposely chosen. The data obtained from the survey provided a wide-ranging exploration of what is happening overall in the food service chain regarding environmental strategies and the attitudes and perceptions towards motivating antecedents. Furthermore, the survey provided an opportunity to identify a pioneering company for the further in-depth case study in which each of the motivating factors and environmental strategies were studied in more detail, and the associated relationships between them and the key motivating factors were able to be determined. / Thesis (DBA(DoctorateofBusinessAdministration))--University of South Australia, 2006.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Göttingen, 1940. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-79).

Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf [82]).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 226-242). Also available in electronic version.

Durante décadas a evolução das teorias e métodos da administração financeira contribuiu para novos comportamentos dos gestores de grandes empresas frente aos desafios constantes e crescentes. Assim, as tomadas de decisões e as atitudes são realizadas com maior segurança e de forma pro ativa. Esses conceitos e métodos são aplicados com o apoio de controles contábeis que objetivam a disposição das informações financeiras essenciais em forma de demonstrações contábil-financeiras. Assim a contabilidade por ser alimentada constantemente pelas movimentações financeiras ocorridas na empresa, passa a ser considerada um sistema de informação poderoso e indispensável à gestão financeira. Diante dessa situação observa-se que nem sempre a função da contabilidade é entendida como uma importante ferramenta para a informação gerencial, ela ainda é interpretada de uma forma que foge as suas origens e que ainda impera uma predisposição distorcida de suas funções. Com base nessa importante ferramenta de controle é que ocorre a aplicação e atuação dos conceitos e métodos da administração financeira como apoio ao processo decisório de empreendimentos franqueados. Portanto, o desenvolvimento desse trabalho objetiva demonstrar a necessidade de aplicação dessas teorias e métodos para garantir desde uma simples sobrevivência até o sucesso pelo crescimento de franquias. Entende-se que o início da formação da administração financeira se deu nas grandes empresas, então, diante desse quadro, criou-se a necessidade, por meio desse trabalho de averiguar se essa área também poderá servir como um sistema de apoio às decisões nas micro e pequenas empresas inseridas em sistemas de franquia. Portanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso da sistemática financeira, no que a coleta de dados fora feita por questionários com trinta e cinco franquias no setor de educação em duas regiões do estado de São Paulo. Além dos questionários, realizou-se um estudo da sistemática financeira de uma rede de franquias no setor alimentício, por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, no intuito de realizar um estudo comparativo entre os dois sistemas. Portanto é evidenciado o interesse e a necessidade da aplicação da administração financeira como sistema de apoio ao processo decisório de pequenas franquias garantindo a sobrevivência e o sucesso desses empreendimentos, desde que os sistemas e os procedimentos financeiros sejam padronizados e cubram os resultados e que estes ofereçam condições básicas de controle para a efetiva aplicação. / During decades the evolution of the theories and methods of the financial administration have contribute to new behaviors of the managers of big companies facing constant and growing challenges. Thus, the takings of decisions and the attitudes are accomplished with larger safety and in pro-active way. Those concepts and methods are applied with the support of accounting controls that objectify the disposition of the essential financial information in the way of accounting-financial demonstrations. This way the accounting constantly fed by the financial movements accurred in the company, become a powerful and indispensable system of information to the financial administration. Due to that situation it is observed that the function of the accounting is not always understood as an important tool of managerial information, it is still interpreted in a way that is far from its origins and a distorted predisposition of its functions still prevails. Based on that important control tool is that the application and performance of the concepts and methods of the financial administration as support to the decision process of franchised enterprises happens. Therefore, the development of this project objectifies to demonstrate the need of application of those theories and methods to guarantee not only the survival but also the success for the growth of the franchises. It is understood that the beginning of the formation of the financial administration happened in the big companies, then, facing this picture, the need was created, through this project, to discover that area can serve also as a support system to the decisions in small companies inserted in franchised systems. Therefore, a study case of the systematic finances was accomplished, when the collection of data was made by questionnaires with thirty five franchises in the education section in two areas of the state of the São Paulo. The study of systematic finances of a chain of franchises in the food sector was also accomplishing a comparative study between the two systems. Therefore it is evidenced the interest of the need of the application of the financial administration as support system to the decisions process of small franchises guaranteeing the success of those enterprises, as long as the systems and the financial procedures are standardized and collet results and that they offer conditions of control for the effective application.

M.B.A. / Franchising systems in South Africa have experienced high and sustained growth over the last decade. The South African government has recognised and supports business format franchising as a low risk way of creating jobs, transferring skills and creating wealth. At the forefront of this growth, is the fast food franchising industry, which is made up of a mix of global brands and a significant few, highly successful, locally founded, franchised operations based on Portuguese or American cultures. The fast food industry in South Africa also consists of a number of successful "non franchised" Indian fast food operations, founded by South Africans of Indian descent. None of these entrepreneurs have taken the next logical step and developed their businesses into national franchises. This study sought to uncover the factors inhibiting the franchising of Indian fast food stores in South Africa and to determine whether there was a market for Indian fast foods amongst a sample of consumers. The findings were that the independent entrepreneurs lacked the skills and knowledge to enter franchising as the franchisor. In addition, there was a general mistrust of the franchising system and doubts as to whether there was sufficient broad appeal of Indian fast foods. The results of the consumer survey however suggested that Indian fast foods were popular across a cross section of the population. Consequently, the report recommended that existing Indian fast food entrepreneurs develop strategies to exploit the market opportunities presented and suggested that it is the entrepreneur who franchises first, that will gain first more advantage through pre-empting real estate and shaping customer preferences and tastes.

La franquicia se presenta como un modelo de negocio mediante el cual una persona que cuenta con una marca otorga el derecho a un tercero para que pueda utilizarla haciendo uso de un mismo sistema comercial. La internacionalización de una franquicia involucra una serie de estudios de elementos a priori. Por un lado, elementos específicos para la inserción de la marca como: mercado objetivo, potencia de la demanda, respaldo financiero, nivel de inversión, tecnología, entre otros. Por otro lado, factores legales, políticos y económicos que enfrenta el país y que afectan directa e indirectamente el análisis. Estos factores serán considerados según el mercado destino que se seleccione. Este estudio analiza la relación de los factores comprendidos en los determinantes de la industria, de la empresa y de localización en la selección del modo de entrada tipos I, II y III, según la teoría del conocimiento. La investigación ha sido realizada a una muestra de 36 franquicias con marcas extranjeras que cuentan con presencia en el mercado peruano y que pertenecen a los sectores de gastronomía, servicios especializados, entretenimiento, belleza, moda y accesorios, tiendas retail y educación, para la elaboración del cuestionario se consideró la teoría basada en el conocimiento. Siguiendo la metodología de una tesis se realizó la aplicación del análisis factorial para el procesamiento de información y evaluación de resultados. En primer lugar, se realiza una investigación cualitativa que consistió en entrevistas a expertos en el tema: funcionarios de MINCETUR y Cámara Peruana de Franquicias. En segundo lugar, investigación cuantitativa mediante la aplicación del instrumento de la encuesta a la muestra de franquicias extranjeras. / Franchise system is a business model that it can be adopted by an organization by which a person who has a well-known trademark gives the right to a third party so that they can use it. The internationalization of a franchise involves a process that should be consider in order to create value for the firm. During the process there are several factors that are evaluated. This study analyzes the relationship of the factors included in the determinants of the industry, of the company and of location in the selection of the input mode types I, II and III, according to the theory of knowledge. The research has been conducted to a sample of 36 franchises with international trademarks that have a presence in the peruvian market and that belong to the sectors of gastronomy, specialized services, entertainment, beauty, fashion and accessories, retail stores and education. For the elaboration of the questionnaire was considered the theory of the Eclectic Paradigm of Dunning. Following the methodology of a thesis, the application of factorial analysis for the processing of information and evaluation of results. First of all, a qualitative research was carried out that consisted of interviews with experts on the subject: officials of MINCETUR and Cámara Peruana de Franquicias. Second, quantitative research through the application of the survey instrument to the sample of foreign franchises. / Tesis

En los últimos años, el comercio internacional ha tomado el protagonismo debido a que ha mostrado tener gran potencial de expansión hacia los años siguientes, este fenómeno no ha sido ajeno en Latinoamérica y el Perú en general. En los años 2011 – 2018 la exportación de servicios mostró un crecimiento promedio anual de 7% en la región y en el Perú ha sido de 9%, en comparación del 4% de las exportaciones de bienes. Entre los servicios exportados por el Perú, se encuentran las franquicias como un servicio que ha tenido gran acogida a nivel Latinoamérica. Para ello, para la presente investigación se propuso descubrir ¿Cuáles fueron los factores críticos que permitieron a las franquicias peruanas ingresar a mercados latinoamericanos durante el periodo 2013-2018?, en la cual, por medio de una investigación de tipo cualitativo y exploratorio, se desarrollaron los factores push y pull para conocer los factores críticos que se llevaron a cabo por los actores del mercado. Por medio de entrevistas estructuradas a expertos, se encontró en cuanto a factores push, una escasa participación e impulso por parte de entidades gubernamentales para la exportación de franquicias; sin embargo, por su parte los factores pull como la “proximidad geográfica” y la “similitud cultural y de idioma”, son factores que han facilitado el ingreso de las franquicias peruanas al exterior. / For the last several years, international trade has been taking a lead role because it has shown a great potential for expansion for the future. This phenomenon has not been different in Latin America and Peru in particular. In 2011 - 2018, the export of services showed an average annual growth of 7% in the region and in Peru it was 9%, in contrast to 4% of the exports of assets. Among the services exported by Peru, franchises as a service that actually are highly valued in Latin America. For the present research it was proposed to discover about which were the critical factors that allowed Peruvian franchises to enter Latin American markets during the 2013-2018?, through qualitative and exploratory research, they were developed the push and pull factors to know the critical factors that were carried out by the market participants. By structured interviews with experts, it was found about the push factors, a low participation and impulse implemented by the government entities for export franchises; however, for the other hand, pull factors such as “geographic proximity” and “cultural and language similarity” are factors that have facilitated the entry of Peruvian franchises abroad. / Tesis