Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-02-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:00:01Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_aez_me_ilha.pdf: 379399 bytes, checksum: e4b271988f0f99f62565b2529686c15a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (H. B. K.) McVAUGH) é uma frutífera silvestre da Amazônia e o objetivo do trabalho foi determinar a qualidade de frutos de camu-camu armazenados sob atmosfera modificada e refrigeração. O mesmo foi desenvolvido no laboratório de Tecnologia de Alimentos, na Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (Unesp), Câmpus de Ilha Solteira – SP. Foram selecionados os frutos maduros e sem injúrias, em seguida foram lavados e desinfectados. Os tratamentos foram: bandeja de isopor sem revestimento, bandeja de isopor envolta em filme PVC de 14μm e embalagem plástica tipo PET com tampa do mesmo material. Foram armazenados sob temperatura de 10 ± 1oC e umidade de 80%, avaliados a cada 03 dias, durante 15 dias. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: perda de massa, pH, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável e ácido ascórbico. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com 3 repetições. As embalagens com revestimento em condições de refrigeração propiciaram as menores perdas de massa fresca do fruto com o aumento do armazenamento, sendo que as menores perdas foram obtidas com a embalagem PET, as quais resistiram até o 15o dia. O uso de embalagens com revestimento associada à refrigeração mostraram-se eficientes para: manutenção do pH, com pequena redução no teor de sólidos solúveis e ácido ascórbico / The camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (H. B. K.) McVAUGH) is Amazon fruit and the objective of this study was to determine the quality of camu-camu fruit stored by modified atmosphere and refrigeration. It was developed in the Laboratory of Food Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Ilha Solteira - SP. Fruits were selected in mature and without injury, were then washed and disinfected. The treatments were: styrofoam tray uncoated, styrofoam tray wrapped in film PVC the 14μm e plastic package PET to cover the same material. Were stored at a temperature of 10 ± 1 ° C and humidity of 80%, evaluated every 03 days for 15 days. The parameters evaluated were: loss of mass, pH, soluble solids, acidity and acid ascorbic. The experimental design was completely randomized with 3 replicates. The coated packaging under refrigerated conditions provided the lowest losses of fresh fruitwith increased storage, while the smallest losses were obtained with PET, which stood until the 15th. The use of packaging associated with the cooling jacket proved to be effective for maintaining the pH, with little reduction in soluble solids and acid ascorbic

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:42:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:01:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 19921.pdf: 47132618 bytes, checksum: b71184939835dbeec25c57b525dbc183 (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Orientador: Jose Tadeu Jorge / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T17:47:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pinto_LucianaCaloredeBarros_D.pdf: 379392 bytes, checksum: a22e3f561980a932bf561aa17958fc1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: As perdas pós-colheita variam entre os diversos produtos vegetais, porém de modo geral entre as frutas e hortaliças tem-se perdas da ordem de 30-50%. Tais perdas estão fundamentadas ao seu manuseio inadequado desde o momento da colheita até o consumo final. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo a aplicação do 1-metilciclopropeno (1-MCP), do resfriamento rápido com ar-forçado (RR), e do armazenamento refrigerado (AR) em pêssegos a fim de avaliar seus efeitos no processo de amadurecimento desta fruta. Os parâmetros avaliados no julgamento da qualidade foram as análises fisiológicas como a perda de massa fresca, a cor de fundo, a firmeza, o pH, a acidez titulável, os sólidos solúveis, o ¿Ratio¿ e a produção de CO2 e etileno, e análises sensoriais como a cor, a textura e o sabor. O experimento foi dividido em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa testou-se as concentrações de 30; 60 e 90nl l-1 de 1-MCP aplicado nas temperaturas de 0 e 20ºC; as frutas não tratadas com 1- MCP foram denominadas de controle, para as duas temperaturas estudadas. A concentração de 90nl l-1 de 1-MCP à 0ºC apresentou menor atividade respiratória nas frutas, sendo este tratamento selecionado para ser combinado com o resfriamento rápido de pêssegos na etapa seguinte. Desta forma, a segunda etapa compôs-se com os seguintes tratamentos: armazenamento refrigerado (AR) ou controle, resfriamento rápido com ar-forçado (RR), resfriamento rápido seguido da aplicação do 1-MCP (RR + 1-MCP) e aplicação do 1-MCP (1- MCP). Dentre estes, o tratamento RR + 1-MCP proporcionou frutas mais firmes em relação às frutas do tratamento controle. A taxa respiratória dos pêssegos submetidos ao RR e também ao RR + 1-MCP foi reduzida se comparada à taxa respiratória das frutas do tratamento controle / Abstract: Postharvest losses vary amid vegetables produces, however generally between fruits and vegetables there are losses ranging from 30% to 50%. Such losses are due to the inadequate handling of the produce between harvesting and final consumption. Thus, this paper aims at the aplication of 1-methylcycloprene (1-MCP), from cooling with forced air (PC), and cold storage (CS) of peaches, in order to estimate yours effects in the ripening process this fruit. The parameters evaluated in judging quality were physiological analyses such as loss of fresh mass, background color, firmness, pH, titratable acid, soluble solids, ratio and CO2 and ethylene production, and sensorials such as color, texture and flavor. The experiment was divided into two phases. In the first phase 30, 60 and 90nl l-1 of 1-MCP concentrations applied at temperatures of 0ºC and 20ºC were tested; fruits not treated with 1- MCP were denominated control for both temperatures studied. The 90nl l-1 of 1-MCP concentration at OºC showed a lower respiratory activity in the fruits, and this was selected to be combined with cooling of peaches in the following phase. For this matter, the second phase was composed by the following treatments: cold storage (CS) or control, cooling with forced air (CFA), cooling with forced air followed by 1-MCP application (CFA + 1-MCP) and 1- MCP application (1-MCP). Among these, the CFA + 1-MCP treatment gave more firmness of fruits in relation to the control fruits. The respiratory rate of peaches subjected in the CFA and CFA + 1-MCP was decrease in relation to the respiratory rate of the control fruits / Doutorado / Tecnologia Pós-Colheita / Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola

Aflatoxins are cancer-causing, immuno-suppressive mycotoxins that frequently contaminate important staples in Zambia including maize and groundnut. Managing aflatoxins begins with understanding the distribution of aflatoxins across the target region. Seventeen percent of crops from markets contained aflatoxin concentrations above allowable levels in Zambia, with the frequency of contamination in groundnut and maize highest in warmest regions of the country. Proper management of aflatoxin contamination requires a clear understanding of the etiologic agents of the observed contamination. Several species within Aspergillus section Flavi have been implicated as causal agents of aflatoxin contamination in Africa. In Zambia, A. parasiticus was the main etiologic agent of aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut, although fungi with S morphology also caused contamination. Aspergillus flavus L morphotype fungi were associated with reduced aflatoxins, suggesting natural biological control by atoxigenic strains may reduce aflatoxin contamination in Zambia. In addition to maize and groundnut, wild insects, fruits and fish are important sources of food and incomes in Zambia. Unfortunately, both insects and wild plants are susceptible to aflatoxin contamination. To evaluate the safety of wild insects and fruit, concentrations of aflatoxins and presence of aflatoxin-producers were assessed. Some species of wild fruits and insects were found to have unsafe levels of aflatoxins suggesting mitigation efforts should target these important foods of Zambia in addition to crops such as groundnut and maize. New lineages of aflatoxin-producing fungi have been described, and found associated with cases of aflatoxicoses in Kenya and elsewhere. Although A. parasiticus is highly frequent and an important etiologic agent of aflatoxin contamination, it is not known how this fungus is related to similar fungi elsewhere. A multigene phylogenetic analysis revealed at least two new groups divergent from known fungal species whose frequencies need to be modified if aflatoxin contamination of crops is to be reduced.

No abstract available / Thesis (DSc)--University of Pretoria, 1945. / gm2014 / Plant Science / Unrestricted

This study had two purposes: to analyze and assess the use of the legal powers vested in the British Columbia Fruit Board and its marketing agency, B.C. Tree Fruits, Ltd., and secondly, to evaluate the impact of the formation of the marketing scheme upon supply, market structure and market procedure in the fruit industry. Against the background of the theories of competition, an analysis of marketing was made for apples, crab-apples, pears, peaches, plums, prunes, cherries and apricots for the I963 crop season. Data for the study were obtained from the records of the B.C. Fruit Board and B.C. Tree Fruits Ltd., the Dominion Bureau of Statistics and the Canada Department of Agriculture. For the analysis, the following components of the scheme were examined: the integrated structure of marketing, the methods of distributing sales returns and the policing powers of the Fruit Board; the use of supply regulation in regard to time, place and form; pricing policy and price differentiation procedures. The structure of the marketing scheme was found to be both a vertical and horizontal integration of growers, packers and shippers, canners and processors and the marketing agency. The pooling distribution of revenues constitutes an important aspect of the relationship between growers and the Fruit Board. Of the three methods currently used, the trend line pooling method seems to offer the best possibilities for an equitable distribution. The policing of the regulated area is within the jurisdiction of the Fruit Board. Policing is done to ensure that there are no illegal movements of regulated fruit within the region or outside it and that rules pertaining to fruit-stand sales are complied with. The marketing agency has applied supply controlling procedures through expanding its markets spatially, through the use of storage facilities to regulate its shipments to all outlets and through the diversion of fruit in excess of normal fresh fruit consumption to the processed and canned fruit markets. The objective of the agency's pricing policy is the long-run maximization of returns to growers. The multiplicity of variables which have to be considered before a price can be quoted makes it impossible to state that there is a definite price policy followed by the agency. Price differentiation is applied whenever possible by the agency to maximize revenues. In extreme cases where traditional markets are saturated, excess fruit is "dumped" in other markets. The conclusion of this study is that the B.C. Fruit Board and B.C. Tree Fruits Ltd. have developed an extensive use of their powers to ensure stable returns for the fruit growers of the Okanagan. The existence of three main reasons prevent the B.C. Fruit Scheme from exercising greater monopoly powers. They are competition from other fruit growing areas, the absence of production controls on the farm level and the absence of tariff regulatory powers. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

MENv.Sc / Department of Ecology and Resource Management

Elderberry is a traditional herb which has always been used in folk medicine. The berries contain many biologically active compounds, from which antocyanins are the most important. The fruits also contain flavonoids, organic acids, suggars, cyanogenic glycosides and another compounds such as vitamins, tannins, amino acids, potassium, calcium and phosphorus. The berries are used in food industry for production of marmelade, fruit syrups, wine and another delicacies. The drug Sambuci fructus is currently a subject of interest in pharmacy and medicine. The research examines the beneficial effects of antocyanins on human health and the possible use of antocyanins in medicine and pharmacy. Antocyanins exhibit a strong antioxidant activity, which can potentially be used for treating cardiovascular, tumor or metabolic disorders. The possibility of using the antioxidant effects in treatment for example hyperlipidemia, obesity and metabolic disorder is investigated. The listed effects can be also important as protection against oxidative damage of cells in diabetes mellitus. The antiinflammatory and antiinfective action is also important, it was investigated for both viral and antibacterial infections. At the same time it was shown, that elderberry could act as an effective immunostimulant. The ability of...

Abstract available in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.

Farmers are limited in the amount of specialty crops they can plant, harvest and market without adequate cooling to preserve commodities before sale. A cooler available at a farm would allow the farmer to harvest his produce earlier and take it to market at a later time. Cooling available on the farm will help a farmer to harvest commodities during peak harvest times and store it for future sale at multiple farmers markets or over a period of a week or more at a farm market. A cooler will give a farmer more logistical options. An indirect-direct evaporative pad cooling can provide cooling with high humidity which is sufficient to prolong shelf life. A cool room with window air conditioning (AC) was modified by adding indirect-direct evaporative cooling. The cool room was used for comparative study of produce shelf life under AC (with CoolBot), indirect-direct evaporative cooling (EC), residential AC (RES), and farm building (FB) storage. Results showed that FB had a lower shelf life because of non-conditioned space. RES was a table in an office building with a temperature of about 22°C. For produce with medium temperature requirements such as tomato, cucumber, and green pepper the shelf life was prolonged more in the cooler room. Strawberry and blueberry had a much longer shelf life in a cooler. The shelf life of the blueberry stored at Cooler AC was longer about two and a half fold longer than Cooler EC and RES, and five and half fold longer than FB. The shelf life of the strawberry in Cooler AC was longer one-fold than Cooler EC, two and a half fold longer than RES, and five-fold longer than FB. The shelf life of green pepper stored in Cooler AC was longer fivefold than Cooler EC and nine and a half fold longer than RES and FB. The shelf life of cucumber stored at Cooler AC was longer two fold than Cooler EC and 3.3-fold longer than RES and four fold longer than FB. The shelf life of tomato stored at Cooler AC was longer 1.25-fold than Cooler EC, 1.75 fold longer than RES and two and a half fold longer than FB. Generally stored fruits and vegetables in Cooler AC was maintained quality with minimal weight loss that allows a farmer to store their produce while maintaining shelf life. Cooler EC can be used to store produce for a shorter time with higher weight loss. Finally, FB had a shorter shelf life due to the non-conditioned space.