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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Obtenção de inseticida e fungicida contra formigas cortadeiras e seu fungo simbionte em Myracrodruon urundeuva e de complexos de coordenação com metais de compostos ativos para controle desta praga / Obtainment of insecticide and fungicide against leaf cutting ants and their symbiotic fungi from myracrodruon urundeuva and of coordination complex of metals with bioactive compounds for the control of this plague.

Sarria, André Lúcio Franceschini 31 August 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:34:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4844.pdf: 14332150 bytes, checksum: b6b2c83d9815e4cee2df2458d7c3ddd0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-31 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / Insects are the major competitors for food in relation to humans. Ants ("sauvas" and "quenquéns") are the major pests of several culture and in reforestation areas in Brazil represent more than 75% of the time and financial expenditure in the control of forest pests and obviously limit the full development of agriculture and forestry. The technology involved in the search for pesticides for the control of pests is in the frontiers of science, which involves different aspects of multidisciplinary and can contribute greatly to the agriculture advancement. One of these aspects is related to natural products, where new molecules isolated from plants can serve as prototypes for new insecticides. The aim of this study was the phytochemical study of Myracrodruon urundeuva in order to search for compounds with insecticidal activity and the synthesis of metal complexes of copper with molecules that present biological activity. The phytochemical study led to the isolation and structural identification/caracterization of 34 secondary metabolites, being seven unique and among them, are the dimeric chalcones, only identified in two species of Anacardiaceae. 31 compounds were synthesized: eight of them have the ligands obtained by Mannich reaction with 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone; eight complexes from these ligands; two iminic derived from the flavonoid naringine and naringenine; two complex from these ligands; four complexes of the type Cu(FLAV)2 and seven complexes of the type Cu(X)(FLAV) where X is 2,2´-Bipyridine our 1,10´- Phenanthroline. The extracts of M. urundeuva, isolated compounds and metal complexes were tested in nests of Atta sexdens rubropilosa (test of toxicity by ingestion), enzyme inhibition in AChE and fungicide test in ants symbiotic fungus (Leucoagaricus gongylophorus) withsignificative results. / Os insetos são os grandes competidores por alimento em relação ao ser humano. As formigas cortadeiras (saúvas e quenquéns) constituem as principais pragas de diversas culturas e nas áreas de reflorestamento brasileiro representam mais de 75% dos custos do tempo e dispêndio financeiro no controle das mesmas e, obviamente, limitam o pleno desenvolvimento agrícola e florestal. A tecnologia envolvida na busca de agrotóxicos visando o controle de pragas representa uma das fronteiras da ciência, a qual envolve diferentes aspectos multidisciplinares e pode contribuir muito para o avanço da agricultura. Um desses aspectos diz respeito aos produtos naturais, onde novas moléculas isoladas de plantas podem servir de modelos para novos protótipos inseticidas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo fitoquímico de Myracrodruon urundeuva em busca de substâncias com atividade inseticida e a síntese de complexos metálicos de cobre com moléculas com conhecida atividade. O estudo fitoquímico propiciou o isolamento e a identificação/caracterização estrutural de 34 metabólitos secundários, sendo sete inéditas e dentre os compostos isolados destacam-se as chalconas diméricas, isoladas apenas em duas espécies de Anacardiaceas. Foram sintetizadas 31 substâncias: oito delas tendo os ligantes obtidos via reação de Mannich com a 2- hidroxi-1,4-naftoquinona; oito complexos a partir desses ligantes; dois derivados imínicos a partir do flavonóide naringina e naringenina; dois complexos a partir desses ligantes; quatro complexos do tipo Cu(FLAV)2 a partir de flavonóides e sete complexos do tipo Cu(X)(FLAV) onde X é 2,2´- Bipiridina ou 1,10´- Fenantrolina. Extratos da espécie vegetal, substâncias isoladas e os complexos metálicos foram testados em ninhos de Atta sexdens rubropilosa (teste de toxicidade por ingestão); em inibição enzimática da AChE e teste fungicida no fungo mutualista de A. sexdens rubropilosa (Leucoagaricus gongylophorus) com resultados significativos.

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