CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O paradigma de classificaÃÃo baseada em comitÃs tem recebido considerÃvel atenÃÃo na literatura cientÃfica em anos recentes. Neste contexto, redes neurais supervisionadas tÃm sido a escolha mais comum para compor os classificadores base dos comitÃs. Esta dissertaÃÃo tem a intenÃÃo de projetar e avaliar comitÃs de classificadores obtidos atravÃs de modificaÃÃes impostas a algoritmos de aprendizado nÃo-supervisionado, tais como as redes Fuzzy ART e SOM, dando origem, respectivamente, Ãs arquiteturas ARTIE (ART in Ensembles) e MUSCLE (Multiple SOM Classifiers in Ensembles). A sintonia dos parÃmetros e a seleÃÃo dos atributos das redes neurais que compÃem as arquiteturas ARTIE e MUSCLE foram tratados por otimizaÃÃo metaheurÃstica, a partir da proposiÃÃo do algoritmo I-HPSO (Improved Hybrid Particles Swarm Optimization). As arquiteturas ARTIE e MUSCLE foram avaliadas e comparadas com comitÃs baseados nas redes Fuzzy ARTMAP, LVQ e ELM em 12 conjuntos de dados reais. Os resultados obtidos indicam que as arquiteturas propostas apresentam desempenhos superiores aos dos comitÃs baseados em redes neurais supervisionadas.

Orientador: Jozué Vieira Filho / Banca: Anna Diva Plasencia Lotufo / Banca: Marco Aparecido Queiroz Duarte / Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para detecção e classificação de faltas do tipo curto-circuito. Esta operação de diagnóstico tem como principal operador um banco de redes neurais artificiais (RNAs) do tipo ARTMAP Nebulosa. Tal ferramenta segue a principal filosofia das RNAs: o reconhecimento de padrões, através de um trei- namento supervisionado inicial, responsável por atualizar os parâmetros das redes con- comitantemente com os resultados desejados. Finalizada a fase de adaptação, as redes serão capazes de, após receber novos padrões, classificá-los, de forma a propiciar, ao operador, informações importantes quanto ao estado de transmissão de barras presentes em um determinado complexo elétrico. Aqui, tomou-se como modelo a simulação de um grande alimentador real, composto por mais de 800 barras. Aliados às RNAs, tam- bém foram aplicadas, no que se refere à análise de dados amostrados de corrente elétri- ca, duas importantes e flexíveis ferramentas matemáticas: a Transformada de Fourier e a Transformada Wavelet. .Observa-se, ao final do trabalho, que os resultados apresenta- dos são bastante encorajadores, o que possibilitaria a utilização do programa em um ambiente real / Abstract: This work presents a detection and classification of short-circuit faults metho- dology. The main operator of this diagnostic operation is a Fuzzy ARTMAP Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) bank. This tool follows the ANN's main core: pattern recogni- tion, through an initial supervised training stage, responsible for updating the parame- ters of the networks con-comitant with the desired results. Completed the adaptation phase, the network will be able to, after receiving new standards, classifying them in order to provide to the operator important information about the state of transmission of bars present in a given complex electric. Here, there is, like a model, a simulation of a real big feeder, comprising more than 800 bars. Besides the ANNs, two important and flexible mathematical tools were also applied with regard to the analysis of sampled data of electric current: Fourier Transform and Wavelet Transform. At the end of the work the results presented are very encouraging, which would allow the use of the pro- gram in a no simulations real environment / Mestre

Fuzzy ARTMAP (FAM) is currently considered to be one of the premier neural network architectures in solving classification problems. One of the limitations of Fuzzy ARTMAP that has been extensively reported in the literature is the category proliferation problem. That is Fuzzy ARTMAP has the tendency of increasing its network size, as it is confronted with more and more data, especially if the data is of noisy and/or overlapping nature. To remedy this problem a number of researchers have designed modifications to the training phase of Fuzzy ARTMAP that had the beneficial effect of reducing this phenomenon. In this thesis we propose a new approach to handle the category proliferation problem in Fuzzy ARTMAP by evolving trained FAM architectures. We refer to the resulting FAM architectures as GFAM. We demonstrate through extensive experimentation that an evolved FAM (GFAM) exhibits good (sometimes optimal) generalization, small size (sometimes optimal size), and requires reasonable computational effort to produce an optimal or sub-optimal network. Furthermore, comparisons of the GFAM with other approaches, proposed in the literature, which address the FAM category proliferation problem, illustrate that the GFAM has a number of advantages (i.e. produces smaller or equal size architectures, of better or as good generalization, with reduced computational complexity). Furthermore, in this dissertation we have extended the approach used with Fuzzy ARTMAP to other ART architectures, such as Ellipsoidal ARTMAP (EAM) and Gaussian ARTMAP (GAM) that also suffer from the ART category proliferation problem. Thus, we have designed and experimented with genetically engineered EAM and GAM architectures, named GEAM and GGAM. Comparisons of GEAM and GGAM with other ART architectures that were introduced in the ART literature, addressing the category proliferation problem, illustrate similar advantages observed by GFAM (i.e, GEAM and GGAM produce smaller size ART architectures, of better or improved generalization, with reduced computational complexity). Moverover, to optimally cover the input space of a problem, we proposed a genetically engineered ART architecture that combines the category structures of two different ART networks, FAM and EAM. We named this architecture UART (Universal ART). We analyzed the order of search in UART, that is the order according to which a FAM category or an EAM category is accessed in UART. This analysis allowed us to better understand UART's functionality. Experiments were also conducted to compare UART with other ART architectures, in a similar fashion as GFAM and GEAM were compared. Similar conclusions were drawn from this comparison, as in the comparison of GFAM and GEAM with other ART architectures. Finally, we analyzed the computational complexity of the genetically engineered ART architectures and we compared it with the computational complexity of other ART architectures, introduced into the literature. This analytical comparison verified our claim that the genetically engineered ART architectures produce better generalization and smaller sizes ART structures, at reduced computational complexity, compared to other ART approaches. In review, a methodology was introduced of how to combine the answers (categories) of ART architectures, using genetic algorithms. This methodology was successfully applied to FAM, EAM and FAM and EAM ART architectures, with success, resulting in ART neural networks which outperformed other ART architectures, previously introduced into the literature, and quite often produced ART architectures that attained optimal classification results, at reduced computational complexity.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-02-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:09:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 martins_jrd_me_ilha.pdf: 2522090 bytes, checksum: f59e117ff382b22406c99cdc0096ef37 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para detecção e classificação de faltas do tipo curto-circuito. Esta operação de diagnóstico tem como principal operador um banco de redes neurais artificiais (RNAs) do tipo ARTMAP Nebulosa. Tal ferramenta segue a principal filosofia das RNAs: o reconhecimento de padrões, através de um trei- namento supervisionado inicial, responsável por atualizar os parâmetros das redes con- comitantemente com os resultados desejados. Finalizada a fase de adaptação, as redes serão capazes de, após receber novos padrões, classificá-los, de forma a propiciar, ao operador, informações importantes quanto ao estado de transmissão de barras presentes em um determinado complexo elétrico. Aqui, tomou-se como modelo a simulação de um grande alimentador real, composto por mais de 800 barras. Aliados às RNAs, tam- bém foram aplicadas, no que se refere à análise de dados amostrados de corrente elétri- ca, duas importantes e flexíveis ferramentas matemáticas: a Transformada de Fourier e a Transformada Wavelet. .Observa-se, ao final do trabalho, que os resultados apresenta- dos são bastante encorajadores, o que possibilitaria a utilização do programa em um ambiente real / This work presents a detection and classification of short-circuit faults metho- dology. The main operator of this diagnostic operation is a Fuzzy ARTMAP Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) bank. This tool follows the ANN’s main core: pattern recogni- tion, through an initial supervised training stage, responsible for updating the parame- ters of the networks con-comitant with the desired results. Completed the adaptation phase, the network will be able to, after receiving new standards, classifying them in order to provide to the operator important information about the state of transmission of bars present in a given complex electric. Here, there is, like a model, a simulation of a real big feeder, comprising more than 800 bars. Besides the ANNs, two important and flexible mathematical tools were also applied with regard to the analysis of sampled data of electric current: Fourier Transform and Wavelet Transform. At the end of the work the results presented are very encouraging, which would allow the use of the pro- gram in a no simulations real environment

This research focuses on the ability to contextualize observed human behaviors in efforts to automate the process of tactical human performance modeling through learning from observations. This effort to contextualize human behavior is aimed at minimizing the role and involvement of the knowledge engineers required in building intelligent Context-based Reasoning (CxBR) agents. More specifically, the goal is to automatically discover the context in which a human actor is situated when performing a mission to facilitate the learning of such CxBR models. This research is derived from the contextualization problem left behind in Fernlund's research on using the Genetic Context Learner (GenCL) to model CxBR agents from observed human performance [Fernlund, 2004]. To accomplish the process of context discovery, this research proposes two contextualization algorithms: Contextualized Fuzzy ART (CFA) and Context Partitioning and Clustering (COPAC). The former is a more naive approach utilizing the well known Fuzzy ART strategy while the latter is a robust algorithm developed on the principles of CxBR. Using Fernlund's original five drivers, the CFA and COPAC algorithms were tested and evaluated on their ability to effectively contextualize each driver's individualized set of behaviors into well-formed and meaningful context bases as well as generating high-fidelity agents through the integration with Fernlund's GenCL algorithm. The resultant set of agents was able to capture and generalized each driver's individualized behaviors.