Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T18:56:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000421542-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 290957 bytes, checksum: 53b291745eb75c59b7f76ef0740227ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / This dissertation aims to analyze and reproduce the concept of comprehension (Verstehen) in the work Truth and Method by Hans-Georg Gadamer. For him, the comprehension is an attribute of the human experience of the world. This thesis is developed starting at two assumptions: (i) the concept of Husserl´s Lebenswelt, which is the condition of possibility of knowledge: before knowing subject is already object in the world; (ii) the decisive contribution of Heidegger the defenition of phenomenology as hermeneutics by resuming the sense of being in Dasein, which is known under the name of “hermeneutics of facticity”. Accordingly, first is the way to be the work of art as a parameter so that we can investigate the phenomenon of understanding. The concept of play as well as the experience of the work of art has an end in itself shows that the spectator (the player) engages in the configuration of the spectacle (the play). In a second moment, is to examine the principle of the historicity of comprehension, which includes the substantiality of the historicity of the interpreter and awareness of the value of tradition in the act of understanding texts. Wherefore the rehabilitation of prejudice as a condition of possibility of the interpreter becomes key here. When you say the hermeneutic experience refers to the experience of human finitude where an experience is never repeated, but is constantly learning. Finally, it is the character of language as a means of understanding privileged hermeneutical experience. More specifically it is in language as dialogue that shows the speculative character, in which the meaning of the thing in question shows what it really is. In the language is that comprehension finds its objectivity, and therefore, gives understanding the character of universality. So, the finitude, the historicity of human and how to be language are prerequisites of comprehension, which acts in the becoming of understanding and gives the character of legitimacy even if not demonstrable. / Esta dissertação tem o objetivo de recriar o conceito de compreensão (Verstehen) na obra Verdade e Método de Hans-Georg Gadamer. Para ele, a compreensão consiste num atributo da experiência de mundo do ser humano. A tese é desenvolvida a partir de dois pressupostos: (i) o conceito de Lebenswelt de Husserl, o qual é condição de possibilidade de conhecimento: antes de ser sujeito cognoscente já se é objeto no mundo; (ii) a contribuição de Heidegger, na definição de fenomenologia como hermenêutica através da retomada do sentido do ser no Dasein, que é conhecida sob o nome de “hermenêutica da facticidade”. Primeiramente, tratase do modo de ser da obra de arte como parâmetro a fim de se investigar o fenômeno da compreensão. Assim como a experiência da obra de arte, o conceito de jogo possui um fim em si mesmo, que se configura enquanto o espectador (o jogador) envolve-se no espetáculo (no jogo). Posteriormente, trata-se de pensar o princípio da historicidade da compreensão, o qual inclui a substancialidade da historicidade do intérprete e a consciência do valor da tradição no ato de compreender textos. Aqui, a reabilitação do preconceito como condição de possibilidade do intérprete torna-se chave. Quando se diz da experiência hermenêutica querse referir à experiência da finitude humana que nunca é repetida, e está em constante processo de aprendizado. Por fim, trata-se do caráter da linguagem da compreensão como meio privilegiado da experiência hermenêutica. Especificamente, é na linguagem - como diálogo - que se mostra o caráter especulativo, no qual o sentido da coisa em questão mostra-se tal e qual ela é. Nela é que a compreensão encontra sua objetividade e, por isso, dá à compreensão o caráter de universalidade. Portanto, a finitude, a historicidade humana e o modo de ser linguagem são pressupostos da compreensão, os quais atuam no acontecer da compreensão e lhe dão o caráter de legitimidade ainda que não sejam demonstráveis.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Presented as the author's Thesis--Umeå University, Sweden. / Includes bibliographical references ((p. 203-213)).

Thesis (doctoral)--Freiburg im Breisgau, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [245]-253) and indexes.

"Zugl.: Bochum, Univ., Diss., 2007"--T.p. verso. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [231]-249).

Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Gadamer's hermeneutical philosophy is an enlightenment of consciousness that intends to correct a false consciousness concerning the power of reason and methods. His concept of the Wirkungsgeschichte presents his hermeneutical philosophy in a nutshell and demonstrates that understanding is more being (Sein) than consciousness (Bewuïstseins. The Wirkungsgeschichte is constituted by three perspectives on the understanding of meaning from three different regions that escape the controlling procedures of method. The first is the experience of art where the concept of play functions as model; the second is the experience of tradition where the concept of dialogue functions as model; the third is the experience of speaking where the concept of translation functions as model. These three perspectives on understanding of meaning together constitute the concept of the Wirkungsgeschichte and their relation is like three concentric circles with the art perspective as the inner circle. The Wirkungsgeschichte transcends the subject-object dichotomy and demonstrates the understanding of meaning as a single event. It is here where Gadamer's concepts of hermeneutics and truth crystallize. Gadamer's concept of truth is not truth as mirror in the way in which it functions in science as the correspondence of correct judgment and reality. The kind of truth he is concerned with, is truth as claim awareness (Angesprochenheity or truth as rock that carries and orientates us. One reaches truth as mirror only approximately and only after methodical procedures; while truth as rock is something that carries us, it is the claim awareness that constantly accompanies us and sweeps us along since we participate in it all the time. Hermeneutics that reflects on understanding is, according to Gadamer, part of Practical Philosophy because understanding, like Aristotle's concept of phronesis, is orientated on the general that must become concrete in the particular. Understanding is, like phronesis, not theoretical, but practical; the conclusion of understanding is also not a theoretical judgment, but a decision on orientation and action as part of the ongoing dialogue that we are. Phronesis as the concretization of the Wirkungsgeschichte functions also fruitfully in Gadamer's response to criticism from the perspectives of text interpretation, theory of science and critique of ideology. The contribution of this dissertation, is to place Gadamer's claim to universality in perspective and typify his one-sidedness as a prophetic appeal. Gadamer does not provide a new method, nor rejects methodical procedures; he simply demonstrates what happens before and while we approach reality methodically. His hermeneutical philosophy is an enlightenment of consciousness which he typifies as part of the Third Enlightenment. As Third Enlightenment his Wirkungsgeschichtliche BewuDtsein helps to ask critical questions to science, and especially to technocracy. In this way Gadamer's hermeneutics becomes Practical Philosophy and the Wirkungsgeschichte is concretized in phronesis as the prudent and sensible concern with life in its striving to deepen humaneness. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gadamer se hermeneutiese filosofie is bedoel as 'n bewussynsverheldering waarby 'n valse bewussyn oor die mag van die rede en metodes gekorrigeer word. Sy begrip van Wirkungsgeschichte vat sy hermeneneutiese filosofie in 'n neutedop saam en toon aan dat verstaan meer syn as bewussyn is. Die Wirkungsgeschichte word gekonstitueer uit drie perspektiewe op die verstaan van sin vanuit drie onderskeie gebiede wat die kontrole van metodes ontglip. Die eerste is die ervaring van kuns waar die begrip spel as model funksioneer; die tweede is die ervaring van die tradisie waar die begrip gesprek as model funksioneer; die derde is die ervaring van spreke waar die begrip van vertaling as model funksioneer. Al drie perspektiewe op verstaan van sin konstitueer gesamentlik die begrip Wirkungsgeschichte en hulle verhouding is soos drie konsentriese sirkels waar die kunsperspektief die binneste sirkel vorm. Die Wirkungsgeschichte deurbreek die subjek-objek diehotomie en toon die verstaan van sin as 'n eenheidsgebeurtenis. Hieruit kristalliseer Gadamer se begrippe van hermeneutiek en waarheid. Die begrip waarheid by Gadamer is nie waarheid as spieël soos dit funksioneer in die wetenskappe as die ooreenstemming tussen die juiste uitspraak en die ding nie. Die soort waarheid waaroor hy dit het is waarheid as aangesprokenheid of waarheid as rots wat jou dra en oriënteer. Waarheid as spieël bereik jy eers min of meer en voorlopig na metodiese prosedures; waarheid as rots is dit wat jou dra, dit is die aangesprokenheid wat jou voortdurend begelei en meesleur en waaraan jy van meet af aan deel het. Hermeneutiek wat nadink oor verstaan is vir Gadamer deel van die Praktiese Filosofie aangesien verstaan, soos Aristoteles se begrip van phronesis, gerig is op 'n algemene saak wat in die besondere situasie gekonkretiseer moet word. Verstaan is, net soos phronesis, nie 'n teoretiese aangeleentheid nie, maar prakties; die slotsom van verstaan is ook nie 'n teoretiese uitspraak nie, maar 'n besluit tot oriëntering en handeling te midde van die voortgaande gesprek wat ons is. Phronesis as die konkretisering van die Wirkungsgeschichte funksioneer dan ook vrugbaar in Gadamer se reaksie op die kritiek vanuit teksinterpretasie, wetenskapsteorie en ideologiekritiek. Die bydrae wat hierdie proefskrif lewer, is om Gadamer se universele aanspraak in perspektief te plaas en sy eensydigheid as 'n profetiese appél te tipeer. Gadamer poog nie om 'n nuwe metode tot stand te bring of om die metodiese benadering af te wys nie, hy probeer ons bloot bewus maak van wat gebeur vóór en wanneer ons die werklikheid metodies benader. Sy hermeneutiese filosofie is 'n bewussynsverheldering wat hyself tipeer as deel van die Derde Aufklárung. As Derde Aufklarung wil sy Wirkungsgeschichtliche Bewusstsein help om kritiese vrae aan die wetenskap, en veral aan die tegnokrasie, te stel. In hierdie sin gaan Gadamer se hermeneutiek oor in Praktiese Filosofie en vind die Wirkungsgeschichte sy konkretisering in die begrip van phronesis as die verstandige omgaan met die lewe ter wille van groter menslikheid.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, Johannesburg, 2017 / Hans-Georg Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics has been ascribed a conservative position in relation to textual interpretation. I wish to explore what effect radical texts (texts which challenge Gadamer’s definitions of textuality) have upon philosophical hermeneutics. I chose to work with Watt by Samuel Beckett and Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs because both texts challenge assumptions surrounding meaning and understanding, two key facets of philosophical hermeneutics. Both novels illustrate the effect of fragmented historical horizons upon the interpretative process. This observation is accessible through Gadamer’s descriptive theory and allows the interpretation of both Watt and Naked Lunch to engage with the meta-hermeneutic concerns in both avant-garde texts. The close-reading of both novels will illustrate how they challenge Gadamer’s notion of play between horizons, and I will show this to be productive for both interpretative understanding as well as responding to Gadamer’s critics. It is my contention that Gadamer’s theoretical description offers a unique way to read Watt and Naked Lunch but crucially, philosophical hermeneutics is indelibly changed by an interaction with these two novels. / XL2018

El trabajo que presentamos tiene fundamentalmente como objetivo exponer las problemáticas de la historicidad y la finitud tal como éstas se plantean en el pensamiento filosófico de Hans-Georg Gadamer. Dichas problemáticas serán abordadas a lo largo de los dos primeros capítulos de la tesis en su articulación esencial y en la tercera parte mostraremos su conexión con el tema de la lingüisticidad de la existencia / Tesis