Thesis (PhD )--Stellenbosch University, 1978. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: no abstract available / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: geen opsomming

The phenomena that we collectively refer to as “play” form a significant part of life at numerous levels. According to the play scholar, Johan Huizinga, play has not only been part of all human societies, it is also at the root of the development of numerous cultural activities, including structured games and sports, certain judicial and legal activities, war, and numerous forms of art. Despite its importance, play, with its various manifestations, is often relegated to being a children’s activity or an occasion of pure waste, and is a surprisingly marginalized topic in academic scholarship. In part to remedy this deficit, my aim in this thesis is to explore the comparatively new phenomenon of video games as a particular form of play. While there are undoubtedly many philosophical approaches that can respond to different aspects of the “problem” of video games, I propose that Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari’s philosophy of “difference” and “becoming” is particularly useful. On the one hand, Deleuze and Guattari’s philosophy provides a viable framework through which to determine the limitations of the current prominent theories in the field of video game studies, which include “narratology”, “ludology”, and the more recent “hybrid approach”. On the other hand, their philosophy enables one to extend the creative and transformative potential that is inherent to a philosophical “problem”, in this case the “problem” of video games. By adapting selected Deleuzian and Deleuzoguattarian philosophical concepts, including “assemblage”, “percept”, “affect”, “transversal becoming”, and “becoming-imperceptible”, I aim to establish a philosophical framework through which different forms of play, and different video games, can be analyzed in terms of their capacity to generate “difference” and “becoming”. More specifically, I argue that video games can be understood as particular kinds of “play assemblages” that can potentially open the player to “transversal becomings”. The video games that I analyze as play assemblages that can generate “transversal becomings” are Thatgamecompany’s Flower (2009) and Journey (2012). Importantly, “transversal becomings”, understood in this instance as the “becoming-other” of human individuals, have the potential to contribute to the individual’s capacity for creative thought and action. Therefore, I argue that video games, far from being activities of pure waste, can potentially open the player to various forms of “becoming-other”, which can, in turn, increase the player’s capacity to think differently, to become different and to create differences. Ultimately, I aim to promote the value of play and video games on the one hand, and the value of Deleuze and Guattari’s philosophy on the other hand, for the aim of extending the questioning power of life, and increasing our capacity to effectively respond to a continuously changing world of problems.

Orientador: Maria Beatriz Rocha Ferreira / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T06:48:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gruppi_DeoclecioRocco_D.pdf: 2920747 bytes, checksum: 49e2a2b0c14e7a99e0c69b22fe7b3705 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é o estudo das figurações e relações de poder imbricadas nos Jogos dos Povos Indígenas (JPIs). E os objetivos específicos da pesquisa são: Identificar e analisar as instituições que constituem os Jogos dos Povos Indígenas; registrar a história de vida dos organizadores: Carlos Justino Terena e Mariano Marcos Terena, idealizadores dos Jogos dos Povos Indígenas; relacionar a influência dos Jogos Escolares Brasileiros na história de vida dos idealizadores dos Jogos dos Povos Indígenas; compreender as relações entre os idealizadores dos JPIs e o Ministério do Esporte; analisar as práticas corporais nos Jogos dos Povos Indígenas no viés das teorias de Norbert Elias, e Pierre Parlebás. Os Jogos dos Povos Indígenas em suas edições têm demonstrado aspectos que os tornam um evento relevante para a sociedade brasileira, como a representação de novas formas de jogar e celebrar. Esses Jogos têm como característica principal a celebração, o encontro, o conhecimento de outros povos e o reencontro com outros, fazendo com que sejam reconhecidos por suas diversidades culturais. As primeiras participações de jovens indígenas nos Jogos Escolares Brasileiros foi um momento significativo para os irmãos Carlos Justino Terena e Mariano Marcos Terena que almejavam a presença indígena nessa competição. A primeira participação indígena nos Jogos Escolares Brasileiros partiu da iniciativa de se levar um arqueiro para distinguir, ou seja, uma outra maneira de demonstrar suas práticas corporais. E é a partir daí que se começa a desenvolver propostas para os Jogos dos Povos Indígenas. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho é qualitativa. As fontes selecionadas foram obtidas na legislação, em documentos oficiais e no acervo de banco de dados e imagens intitulado "Jogo, Celebração, Memória e Identidade: Reconstrução da Trajetória de Criação, Implementação e Difusão dos Jogos dos Povos Indígenas no Brasil (1996-2009)", que contêm a memória sobre os jogos dos povos indígenas. Esta pesquisa leva em conta a interdisciplinaridade, apoiando-se no conhecimento da Sociologia, Antropologia, Educação Física e História. O presente trabalho está centralizado principalmente nas ações do Comitê Intertribal Ciência e Memória Indígena e o Ministério do Esporte, por serem os principais protagonistas e estabelecerem relações conjuntas e muito próximas na realização dos Jogos dos Povos Indígenas. Para análise de dados e interpretação das fontes foram justapostos documentos, relacionando texto e contexto. Nos Jogos dos Povos Indígenas e nos Jogos Escolares Brasileiros podemos encontrar alguns aspectos comuns, no que diz respeito à organização e fórum de debates, organizações esportivas têm o mesmo formato, como toda forma de competição. Por outro lado nos Jogos dos Povos Indígenas a filosofia é diferente dos Jogos Escolares Brasileiros. As relações do Comitê Intertribal e Ministério do Esporte referente aos Jogos dos Povos Indígenas perpassam pela lógica na organização de um evento esportivo e pelas relações interpessoais. Vale lembrar que os Jogos dos Povos Indígenas propiciaram relações intersetoriais do Ministério do Esporte com outros Ministérios. Nas relações entre os organizadores indígenas e os representantes do Ministério do Esporte há encontros/desencontros nas ações da coordenação dos Jogos dos Povos Indígenas / Abstract: The purpose of this research is the study of figurations and power relationship imbricated in the indigenous peoples games. The specific purposes of this research are: to identify and to analyze the Institutions that constitute the native people games; to register the history of life of the organizers: Carlos Justino Terena and Mariano Marcos Terena, idealizers of the indigenous peoples games; to relate the influency of the Brazilian School Games in the history of life of the idealizers of the native people games; to comprehend the relations between the idealizers of the native people games and the Sport Ministry; to analyze the corporal practices in the native people games in the bias of the theories from Norbert Elias and Pierre Parlebás. The games from native people in their latest edition have shown some aspects which have become a relevant event for the Brazilian society like the representation of new ways of playing and celebrating. These games have as main feature the celebration, the meeting, the knowledge of other people and meeting with the others, so that they can be recognized by their cultural diversity. The first participation of the native young in the Brazilian School Games was a significant moment to the brothers Carlos Justino Terena and Mariano Marcos Terena who aimed the presence of native people in this competition. The first native participation in the Brazilian School Games was from the initiative to take a bowman to distinguish, that is, another way to demonstrate their corporal practices. And from this point on it starts to develop proposals for the indigenous peoples games. The used methodology in this research is qualitative. The selected sources were obtained from the law, in official documents and in the collection of the database and images entitled "Game, Celebration, Memory and Identity: Reconstruction of the creation line, implementation and diffusion of the indigenous peoples games. This research allows the interdisciplinary, through the support of the Sociology, Anthropology, Physical Education and History. This research is centralized mainly in the actions of the "Comitê Intertribal Ciência" and "Memória Indígena" and the Sport Ministry, because they are the protagonists and to establish combined relations and closer to performing the native people games. To data analyses and sources interpretations were juxtaposed documents, relation text and context. In the native people games and in the Brazilian scholar games we can find some common aspects regarding the organization and forum of debates, sportsmanship organization with the same format, as all competition way. By other side, in the native people games, the philosophy is different from the Brazilian Scholar Games. The relations in the "Comitê Intertribal" and Sports Ministry regarding the Brazilian people games pass by the logic of the organization of a sportive event and throughout personal relation. It is worth remembering that the native people games propitiated intersectional relations from the Sport Ministry with other ministries. In the relations between the native people and the Sport Ministry representatives there are ups and downs in the actions of the coordination of the native people games / Doutorado / Educação Fisica e Sociedade / Doutor em Educação Física

In my thesis I focus on analysing the representations and images in historical digital games. I base my thesis upon methods and works from the game studies field. Those texts research games based on principles of mechanics and rules, narrative, aesthetics, and simulation. All those aspects of games come under my analysis of chosen set of digital games. I connect this methodology with theory of history, which focuses on means of historical representation and ways of construction of the historical image, just as it notes role of historians and history in nowadays society. Further I build upon work of Jean Beadrillard on simulation and simulacra, who takes on the topic of production of images in our culture. I confront my analysis with work of Adam Chapman Digital Games as History, which offers me not only a basic terminology but also serves me as an inspiration for comparison of the games' images with the historians' epistemology. My thesis results in comparison and attempted junction of the methods of game studies with those of historiography on the material of digital games. Apart from deeper analysis of selected games I come to more general conclusions, which could in my opinion, add to further analysis of the past and its digital representations, just as they could help to think through the role...

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / This investigation is aimed at providing a better understanding of William Milton’s influence on society in southern Africa over a period of more than thirty years. In the absence of any previous detailed work, it will serve to demonstrate Milton’s importance in restructuring the administration, formulating policy and imposing social barriers in early Rhodesia – factors that will contribute to the research undertaken by revisionist writers. It will also go some way towards answering Lord Blake’s call to discover exactly what the Administrator did and how he did it. Milton’s experiences at the Cape are seen as being essential to an understanding of the administration he established in Rhodesia. Through examining this link – referred to by historians but not as yet explored in detail – new knowledge will be provided on Rhodesia’s government in the pre-First World War period. The Cape years will offer insight into Milton’s working relationship with Rhodes and his involvement in the latter’s vision of the region’s social form and future. They will also shed light on Milton’s attitude towards people of colour. Cricket and rugby are key themes running through Milton’s life. The study will illuminate much about the creation of South African sport at a time when the public school games ethic was important in the nature of empire. Milton made an enormous but controversial contribution to the playing of the games, club culture, facilities, administration, international competition and who was eligible to represent South Africa.

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

This master's thesis deals with development of indie game - independently-developed game. It describes important moments in computer games history. It clarifies terms like golden age of video arcade games and video game crash of 1983. Further it explains history and origin of indie game phenomenon. It describes some of the differences between independent and commercial game development. In next chapter it presents some game engines which are suitable for independent game development. And in the last chapter it describes the design and implementation of game engine and game running on it.