The botanic garden is a space of leisure, scientific endeavour, passive recreation, education and conservation. These roles are contradictory, yet coexist 'happily' in a single space. The central aim of this thesis is to investigate the diversity of spaces and meanings in the Christchurch Botanic Gardens from the perspectives of both users and producers of this space. The fieldwork component involves interviews with staff members of the Botanical Services Team at the Gardens, and selected people at the Christchurch City Council offices who were connected with the Gardens in various ways. Additionally, I use the data gathered during my participation in tours of the Gardens. This thesis is both an historical and contemporary analysis of the Christchurch Botanic Gardens. In a general history of the Western botanic garden, I show how colonialism, the Garden City movement and science shaped how botanic gardens functioned in society. This discussion contextualises the history of Christchurch's Botanic Gardens, which I compiled using archival material based on site, and the social practices that take place in this space. Using Foucault's concept of the heterotopia, I analyse the multiple and seemingly conflicting sites that exist inside the boundaries of the Christchurch Botanic Gardens. I explain how these sites are able to coexist inside what Foucault terms a 'happy, universalizing' heterotopic space. I conclude that conflicts between science and leisure, and colonial spaces are not experienced inside the Gardens by visitors. In reality, for visitors to the Gardens, the paradoxical nature of the space and the resulting tension deriving from its multi-faceted role in society continue to exist in harmony. However, conflict between science and leisure is claimed by those who produce the Gardens. This is because the producers are conscious of the competing roles of the Gardens yet are involved in creating a space that caters for a diverse group of visitors.

The circle of your community starts in your home, with the most private rooms that only your family members would enter. From there the circles expand - the rooms that your invited guests visit - the garden where you say hi to your closest neighbours - the streets you walk to get to the subway - and so on. The longer distance from your home, the more people in the circle. This means that the further away you do your grocery shopping from your home the less likely it is for you to bump into your neighbours. When a natural meeting point is removed from your neighbourhood one of these circles is broken or completely gone. This is what has happened to many of the detached housing areas, or garden cities, around Stockholm. The garden cities were planned with a central core filled with commercial functions. With time, people started travelling further away from home for shopping, thus small shops in the central core began to close. I want to repair that broken circle of community by bringing back natural meeting points to the neighbourhood, but in a way that would function today and in the future.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2005. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 168-172).

The Lower Ordovician Garden City Formation is part of the thick sequence of Lower Paleozoic limestones, dolostones, and minor siliciclastic sedimentary rocks of the western United States. The carbonate rocks were formed predominantly by shallow water deposition in tropical, passive-margin epeiric seas. The Garden City Formation is composed of nine lithotypes which represent the various environments. The formation is a storm-influenced transgressive sequence which may be divided into innershelf shallow subtidal and outer-shelf deep subtidal environments separated by a skeletal accumulation. The skeletal accumulation, formed by storm initiation, was a submerged topographic high, below normal wave base. The inner shelf includes the initial peritidal transgressive and shoreface material, which was extensively reworked by storm action, and a patchy distribution of shallow subtidal deposits. It is characterized by shoreward fossil banks and mud mounds, a restricted fauna, large amounts of terrigenous material and repeated occurrences of storm-created intraclastic layers within a nodular limestone. The outer shelf sediments have a diverse fauna, are extensively burrowed and bioturbated, and have significant amounts of chert. Uncommon intraformational conglomerate layers signify deposition below mean storm-wave base. The Garden City Limestone facies were deposited in broad, energy-related zones parallel to the ancient shoreline. These facies were compared to the model of epeiric sea deposition presented by Shaw (1964) and Irwin (1965). There was a lack of evidence within the Garden City sediments to support the existence of an extensive, shoreward, tideless low-energy zone as predicted by the model. The inner shallow subtidal environments remained near normal marine conditions, with water circulation provided by tidal action. Early diagenetic features of the Garden City Formation include compaction, micritization, cementation and neomorphism. Chert formation preceded pressure solution and probably represents silicification of burrows. Dolomitizing fluids moved along faults, unconformities, and bedding planes to selectively dolomitize the formation. Near-surface weathering resulted in dedolomitization and the oxidation of pyrite to hematite.

Discursive Representations of cité-jardin through Hygienism and Socialism (1919-1950): Student Theses at Institut d'urbanisme de l'Université de Paris Boya Wei Abstract This study will trace the social housing history in France from 1919 to 1950, with a focus on the creation of cités-jardins in Paris region. Drawing on Michel Foucault's notion of discourse and power, and Henri Lefebvre's notion of social space, this study will look into the representations of cité-jardin in the writings of student thesis at the Institut d'Urbanisme de l'Université de Paris, while examining the ways in which elite discourses on cité-jardin provided a window into the re-appropriations of hygienist and socialist discourses. Keywords: Social housing, Paris, cité-jardin, garden city, Michel Foucault, discursive formation Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Architecture, Planning & Design / John W. Keller / Some parts of rural America are experiencing unprecedented demographic and cultural changes as immigrant settlement patterns shift from traditional gateway cities to rural regions that have enticing economic opportunities. In particular, southwest Kansas has become a magnet for immigrant workers and their families. Between 2007 and 2008, Finney County became a majority-minority county (Callebs, 2009). However, lack of affordable housing and limited housing stock has strained communities and become an obstacle for newly settling immigrants (Stull, 2011). This study aims to redress the limited research on immigrants in rural regions and focuses specifically on the cultural experiences of Finney County Hispanic immigrants regarding integration into the local housing community. This qualitative case study is designed using the housing career framework (Murdie, 2002) to capture the factors that influence the housing experience of Hispanic immigrants. The 25 participants were recruited using snowball sampling and convenience sampling techniques. Based on the participant’s language preference, the in-depth interviews were conducted in English or Spanish. This study has found that the mission of community planning has to be a multifaceted process to address the varied needs of immigrant families. Community planners and policy makers can use the information this study provides to better serve the immigrant Hispanic community, which is expected to grow over the coming years.

Esta dissertação aprofunda a pesquisa histórica sobre o bairro-jardim Vila Assunção, enquanto resultado de um projeto urbanístico e as transformações da paisagem urbana decorrentes do uso e da apropriação dos espaços projetados no bairro. Neste sentido, o objeto de estudo é o bairro-jardim Vila Assunção, localizado na zona sul de Porto Alegre, projetado em 1937, pelo Engº Ruy de Viveiros Leiria. Tomando como ponto de partida o projeto original, tem como objetivo compreender, através do projeto implantado no passado e da memória afetiva de seus moradores, as dinâmicas de apropriação e de ocupação do espaço, como processo histórico e determinante na formação da paisagem. Desta maneira, entende-se como problema central desta pesquisa compreender os motivos que levaram a escolha do modelo cidade-jardim, para a elaboração do projeto urbano da Vila Assunção e como se deu a sua ocupação. / This dissertation deepen the historical research about the neighborhood-garden Vila Assunção, as a result of urban design and the urban landscape changes arising from the use and appropriation of spaces designed in the neighborhood. In this sense, the object of study is the neighborhood-garden Vila Assunção, located on the South zone of Porto Alegre, designed in 1937 by Eng. Ruy de Viveiros Leiria. Taking as a starting point the original project, aims to understand, through the project deployed in the past and the affective memory of its residents, the dynamics of appropriation and occupation of the space, as historic and decisive process in the formation of the landscape. In this way, one understands as the central problem of this research to understand how and why the choice of a Garden City model, for the elaboration and of the urban design of the Vila Assunção and how its implementation occurred.

Le 4 mai 1913, s’ouvre dans les locaux de la Chambre de Commerce de Nancy, la première exposition d’urbanisme jamais organisée en France, l’Exposition de la Cité Moderne, avec pour point d’orgue un avant-projet de plan d’extension de la capitale lorraine. Caractérisé par un Grand boulevard de circonvallation qui redessine les limites d’une ville en plein développement, ce plan incarne les ambitions urbaines d’un nouvel âge d’or régional né de la proximité de la frontière avec l’Allemagne depuis 1871 et du formidable essor du bassin minier de Briey depuis les années 1900. Cependant, l’exposition n’est pas le fait des édiles nancéiens, mais des maîtres de forges de la Société industrielle de l’Est, et le plan n’est pas du à l’initiative des organisateurs, mais d’un collectif d’architectes locaux plus connus pour leur participation à l’École de Nancy. Au moment même où la place Stanislas s’impose comme une référence incontournable, la qualité de l’enquête documentaire internationale menée au préalable, et la participation du Musée social, mais aussi la publication du projet dans les colonnes de L’Architecture, et son exposition à Gand, Lyon et Paris, achèvent de faire de ce plan d’extension un témoin singulier des premiers temps de l’urbanisme. Au-delà des conditions lorraines et nancéiennes de son émergence, le propos ambitionne de resituer sa genèse par rapport aux grandes questions morphologiques soulevées par le débat international qui s’organise autour des manifestations de Berlin et de Londres, et plus particulièrement, de la question du traitement des limites de la Grande ville, entre boulevard de ceinture et cité-jardin, entre système de parcs et ceinture verte. / May 4, 1913, opens in the premises of the Chambre de Commerce de Nancy, the first exhibition of urban planning ever organized in France, the Exposition de la Cité Moderne, culminating in a preliminary draft of a plan d’extension of the Lorraine capital. Characterized by a Grand Boulevard de Circonvallation that redraws the limits of a city in full development, this plan embodies the urban ambitions of a new regional golden age born from the proximity of the border with Germany since 1871, and formidable boom of the mining basin of Briey since the 1900’s. However, the exhibition is not the fact of the city councilors of Nancy, but of the ironmasters of the Société Industrielle de l'Est, and the plan is not due to initiative of the organizers, but a group of local architects better known for their participation in the École de Nancy. At the very moment when Place Stanislas stands out as an essential reference, the quality of the international documentary survey conducted in advance, and the participation of the Musée Social, but also the publication of the project in the columns of L'Architecture, and its exhibition in Ghent, Lyon and Paris, complete this expansion plan as a singular witness of the early days of urban planning. Beyond the Lorraine and Nancy conditions of its emergence, the intention is to resituate its genesis in relation to the big morphological questions raised by the international debate which is organized around the Berlin and London demonstrations, and more particularly, the question the treatment of the limits of the Big City, between belt-boulevard and garden-city, between park system and green belt.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 2005. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 141-145).

Esta dissertação aprofunda a pesquisa histórica sobre o bairro-jardim Vila Assunção, enquanto resultado de um projeto urbanístico e as transformações da paisagem urbana decorrentes do uso e da apropriação dos espaços projetados no bairro. Neste sentido, o objeto de estudo é o bairro-jardim Vila Assunção, localizado na zona sul de Porto Alegre, projetado em 1937, pelo Engº Ruy de Viveiros Leiria. Tomando como ponto de partida o projeto original, tem como objetivo compreender, através do projeto implantado no passado e da memória afetiva de seus moradores, as dinâmicas de apropriação e de ocupação do espaço, como processo histórico e determinante na formação da paisagem. Desta maneira, entende-se como problema central desta pesquisa compreender os motivos que levaram a escolha do modelo cidade-jardim, para a elaboração do projeto urbano da Vila Assunção e como se deu a sua ocupação. / This dissertation deepen the historical research about the neighborhood-garden Vila Assunção, as a result of urban design and the urban landscape changes arising from the use and appropriation of spaces designed in the neighborhood. In this sense, the object of study is the neighborhood-garden Vila Assunção, located on the South zone of Porto Alegre, designed in 1937 by Eng. Ruy de Viveiros Leiria. Taking as a starting point the original project, aims to understand, through the project deployed in the past and the affective memory of its residents, the dynamics of appropriation and occupation of the space, as historic and decisive process in the formation of the landscape. In this way, one understands as the central problem of this research to understand how and why the choice of a Garden City model, for the elaboration and of the urban design of the Vila Assunção and how its implementation occurred.